Name and capital city Information on status and recognition of sovereignty
A Afghanistan – Emirate of Afghanistan Capital: Kabul Widely recognized independent state from August 8, 1919.[1] → Albania (from November 28, 1912) Independent Albania (from November 28, 1912 to February 21, 1914) Capital: Vlorë Principality of Albania (from February 21, 1914) Capital: Durrës Limited sovereignty for occupatio bellica by the Balkan League states. Recognized independent state de facto from July 29, 1913 .[2] [3] Andorra – Principality of AndorraCapital: Andorra La Vella Widely recognized independent state.[4] Argentina – Argentine Republic Capital: Buenos Aires Widely recognized independent state Armenia – Republic of Armenia (from May 28, 1918) Capital: Yerevan Widely recognized state. Asir – Idrisid Emirate of Asir (from August 3, 1917) Capital: Sabya Widely recognized independent state Australia – Commonwealth of Australia Capital: Canberra Widely recognized independent state. Australia is autonomous but still dependent from the United Kingdom. Australia had two external territories: Austria (from November 12, 1918) Capital: Vienna Widely recognized independent state. Austria-Hungary – Austro-Hungarian Empire (to October 31, 1918) [5] Capital: Vienna and Budapest Widely recognized independent state. Austria-Hungary had one concession: Tientsin (to August 14, 1917) Azerbaijan – Azerbaijan Democratic Republic (from May 28, 1918) [6] Capital: Ganja and Baku Widely recognized state.
B Belgium – Kingdom of Belgium Capital: Brussels Widely recognized state. Belgium had one colony and one concession: Bhutan – Kingdom of Bhutan (to January 8, 1910) Capital: Thimphu Widely recognized state. Bolivia – Republic of Bolivia Capital: Sucre Widely recognized state. Brazil – Republic of the United States of Brazil Capital: Rio de Janeiro Widely recognized state. Brazil was a federation of 20 states, one territory, and one federal district .[a] Bulgaria – Kingdom of Bulgaria Capital: Sofia Widely recognized state.
C Canada – Dominion of Canada Capital: Ottawa Widely recognized state. Canada is autonomous but still dependent from the United Kingdom. Chile – Republic of Chile Capital: Santiago Widely recognized state. → → → China Capital: Peking Widely recognized state. Colombia – Republic of Colombia Capital: Bogotá Widely recognized state. Costa Rica – First Republic of Costa Rica Capital: San José Widely recognized state. Crete – Cretan State (de jure to December 1, 1913) Capital: Chania Autonomous state of the Ottoman Empire; de jure until December 1, 1913. Cuba – Republic of Cuba Capital: Havana Widely recognized state. Czechoslovakia – Czechoslovak Republic (from October 28, 1918) Capital: Prague
D Denmark – Kingdom of Denmark Capital: Copenhagen Widely recognized state. Denmark had two colonies and one dependency: Danish West Indies (Colony) Greenland (Colony) Iceland (Dependency to December 1, 1918) Dominican Republic – Dominican Republic Capital: Santo Domingo Widely recognized state.
E Ecuador – Republic of Ecuador Capital: Quito Widely recognized state. → El Salvador – Republic of El Salvador Capital: San Salvador Widely recognized state. Estonia Republic of Estonia (from February 24, 1918) [7] Capital: Tallinn Commune of the Working People of Estonia (from November 29, 1918 to June 5, 1919) Capital: Narva Widely recognized state. Ethiopia – Ethiopian Empire Capital: Addis Ababa Widely recognized state.
F → & Finland Capital: Helsinki Kingdom of Finland (from December 6, 1917 to July 17, 1919) Republic of Finland (from July 17, 1919) Finnish Socialist Workers' Republic (from January 29 to May 5, 1918) France – French Republic Capital: Paris Widely recognized state. The following are colonies, concessions and protectorates of France:
G Georgia – Democratic Republic of Georgia (from May 26, 1918) Capital: Tiflis Widely recognized state. Immediately recognized by Germany and the Ottoman Empire. → Germany – German Realm Capital: Berlin Widely recognized state. The following are colonies, concessions and protectorates of Germany: German East Africa (Colony to November 25, 1918) German Kiautschou (Concession to November 7, 1914) German New Guinea (Protectorate to June 28, 1919) German Samoa (Protectorate) German South-West Africa (Colony to June 28, 1919) Kamerun (Colony to July 20, 1916) Tientsin (Concession to August 1917) Togoland (Protectorate to August 26, 1914) Greece – Kingdom of Greece Capital: Athens Widely recognized state. Guatemala – Republic of Guatemala Capital: Guatemala City Widely recognized state.
H Ha'il – Emirate of Jabal Shammar Capital: Ha'il Widely recognized state. Haiti – Republic of Haiti Capital: Port-au-Prince Widely recognized state. → Hejaz – Hashemite Kingdom of Hejaz (from June 10, 1916) Capital: Mecca Widely recognized state. Honduras – Republic of Honduras Capital: Tegucicalpa Widely recognized state. → → → Hungary Capital: Budapest First Hungarian Republic (from November 16, 1918 to March 21, 1919) Hungarian Soviet Republic (from March 21 to August 1, 1919) Hungarian People's Republic (from August 1 to 8, 1919) Hungarian Republic (from August 8, 1919) Unrecognized state from August 1 to 8, 1919.
I Iceland – Kingdom of Iceland (from December 1, 1918) Capital: Reykjavík Widely recognized independent state. Still dependent from Denmark. Italy – Kingdom of Italy Capital: Rome Widely recognized state. Italy had four colonies and one concession: Italian Cyrenaica (Colony, from November 5, 1911) Italian Eritrea (Colony) Italian Somaliland (Colony) Italian Tripolitania (Colony, from November 5, 1911) Tientsin (Concession)
J Japan – Empire of Japan Capital: Tokyo City Widely recognized state. Japan had three dependencies and two concessions: Chōsen (Dependency) Karafuto (Dependency) Kwantung (Concession) Taiwan (Dependency) Tientsin (Concession) Japan administered one League of Nations mandate :
South Seas Mandate (LON mandate from June 28, 1919)
K → Korea (to August 29, 1910, from April 11, 1919) Capital: Hanseong Korean Empire (to August 29, 1910) Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea (from April 11, 1919) Widely recognized state. Annexed by Japan from August 29, 1910 to April 11, 1919.
L & Latvia (disputed between two governments) Republic of Latvia (from November 18, 1918) Capital: Riga Latvian Socialist Soviet Republic (from December 17, 1918) Capital: Riga , Dvinsk , and Rezhitsa Widely recognized state. Liberia – Republic of Liberia Capital: Monrovia Widely recognized state. Liechtenstein – Principality of Liechtenstein Capital: Vaduz Widely recognized state. → & Lithuania Capital: Vilnius Kingdom of Lithuania (from March 23 to November 2, 1918) Lithuanian Soviet Socialist Republic (from December 16, 1918, to February 27, 1919) Republic of Lithuania (from February 16, 1918) Widely recognized state. Luxembourg – Grand Duchy of Luxembourg Capital: Luxembourg City Widely recognized state. Limited sovereignty for occupatio bellica.
M Mexico – United Mexican States Capital: Mexico City Porfiriato (to May 25, 1911) United Mexican States (from February 5, 1917) Widely recognized state. Mexico had one territory: Monaco – Principality of Monaco Capital: Monaco Widely recognized state. Mongolia - Great Mongolian State[8] (from December 29, 1911) Capital: Niislel Khuree Widely recognized state. Still dependent from China. → Montenegro Capital: Cetinje Principality of Montenegro (to August 28, 1910) Kingdom of Montenegro (from August 28, 1910 to November 28, 1918) Widely recognized state. Limited sovereignty for occupatio bellica to December 1, 1918. Morocco – Sultanate of Morocco (to March 30, 1912) Capital: Fes De jure sovereign state under French and Spanish protectorate from 1912.[9] [10] Mountain Republic - Mountainous Republic of the Northern Caucasus (from March 6, 1917) Capital: Temir-Khan-Shura Widely recognized state.
N → Riyadh / Nejd Capital: Riyadh Emirate of Riyadh (to 1913) Emirate of Nejd and Hasa (from 1913) Widely recognized state. Nepal – Kingdom of Nepal Capital: Katmandu Widely recognized state. Netherlands – Kingdom of the Netherlands Capital: Amsterdam Widely recognized state. The Netherlands had two colonies and one possession: Newfoundland – Dominion of Newfoundland Capital: St. John's Widely recognized state. Newfoundland is autonomous but still dependent from the United Kingdom. New Zealand – Dominion of New Zealand Capital: Wellington Widely recognized state. New Zealand is autonomous but still dependent from the United Kingdom. The following are territories of New Zealand: Cook Islands (Dependent territory) Niue Island (Dependent territory) Nicaragua – Republic of Nicaragua Capital: Managua Widely recognized state. Norway – Kingdom of Norway Capital: Oslo Widely recognized state. Norway had three possessions:
O Ottoman Empire – Sublime Ottoman State Capital: Constantinople Widely recognized state. Ottoman Empire had one protectorate: North Caucasian Emirate (from September 1919) Wadai – Sultanate of Wadai (to 1912) Capital: Abeche Widely recognized state.
P Panama – Republic of Panama Capital: Panama City Widely recognized state. Paraguay – Republic of Paraguay Capital: Asuncion Widely recognized state. Persia – Persian Empire Capital: Tehran Widely recognized state. Peru – Peruvian Republic Capital: Lima Widely recognized independent state. Poland Capital: Warsaw Client / Puppet state of Germany until November 11, 1918. Widely recognized independent state from November 11, 1918. → Portugal Capital: Lisbon Widely recognized independent state. The following are colonies, vassals and possessions of Portugal: Cape Verde Islands (Colony) Kongo - Kingdom of Kongo (Vassal to 1914) Portuguese Macau (Colony) Portuguese East Africa (Colony) Portuguese Guinea (Colony) Portuguese India - Portuguese State of India (Colony) Portuguese Timor (Colony) Portuguese West Africa (Colony) São João Baptista de Ajudá - Fort of São João Baptista de Ajudá (Possession) São Tomé and Príncipe (Colony)
R Romania – Kingdom of Romania Capital: Bucharest Widely recognized state. → → → Russia Capital: Saint-Petersburg Widely recognized state. Russia had two protectorates, one concession and one autonomous grand duchy: Bukhara (Protectorate) Khiva (Protectorate) Tientsin (Concession) Finland (Autonomous grand duchy to December 6, 1917)
S San Marino – Most Serene Republic of San Marino Capital: San Marino Widely recognized state. → Serbia / Serbs, Croats and Slovenes Capital: Belgrade Widely recognized state. Limited sovereignty for occupatio bellica to December 1, 1918. → → Siam – Kingdom of Siam (to December 1, 1918) Capital: Bangkok Widely recognized state. → South Africa – Union of South Africa (from May 31, 1910) Capital: Pretoria Widely recognized independent state. South Africa is autonomous but still dependent from the United Kingdom. Spain – Kingdom of Spain Capital: Madrid Widely recognized state. Spain had three possessions and three colonies: Sulu – Sultanate of Sulu (to 1915) Capital: Jolo Widely recognized state. Sweden – Kingdom of Sweden Capital: Stockholm Widely recognized state. Switzerland – Swiss Confederation Capital: Bern Widely recognized state.
T Tibet (from 1912) Capital: Lhasa De facto independent state. Claimed by the Republic of China . Transcaucasia – Transcaucasian Democratic Federative Republic (from February 22 to May 28, 1918) Capital: Tiflis Widely recognized independent state.
U United Kingdom – United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland Capital: London Widely recognized state. The following are colonies, territories, dependencies and protectorates of the United Kingdom: Aden - Aden Protectorate (Protectorate) Amoy (Concession) Afghanistan - Emirate of Afghanistan (State under Treaty of Gandamak) Ascension Island (Possession) Bahama Islands (Crown colony) Bahrain - State of Bahrain (Protectorate) Baker Island (Uninhabited possession) Barbados (Crown colony) Basutoland - Territory of Basutoland (Crown colony) Bechuanaland - Bechuanaland Protectorate (Protectorate) Bermuda (Crown colony) Bhutan - Kingdom of Bhutan (Independent state under Treaty of Punakha) British East Africa - British East Africa Protectorate (Protectorate) British Guiana (Colony) British Honduras (Crown colony) British Leeward Islands - Federal Colony of the Leeward Islands (Crown colony) British Somaliland (Crown colony) British Western Pacific Territories (Crown colony) British Windward Islands - Federal Colony of the Windward Islands (Crown colony) Brunei - State of Brunei (Protectorate) Capital: Bandar Seri Begawan Ceylon (Crown colony) Cyprus (Crown colony) Egypt - Sultanate of Egypt (Protectorate from December 18, 1914) Falkland Islands (Crown colony) Federated Malay States (Protectorate) Gambia - Gambia Colony and Protectorate (Crown colony and protectorate) Gibraltar (Crown colony) Gold Coast (Crown colony) Graham Land (Uninhabited possession) Guernsey - Bailiwick of Guernsey (Crown dependency) Heard Island and McDonald Islands (Uninhabited possession) Hong Kong (Crown colony) India - Indian Empire (Crown colony) Isle of Man (Crown dependency) Jamaica (Crown colony) Jarvis Island (Uninhabited possession) Jersey - Bailiwick of Jersey (Crown dependency) Johor - State of Johor Darul Ta'zim (Protectorate from 1914) Kedah - State of Kedah Darul Aman (Protectorate) Kelantan - State of Kelantan Darul Naim (Protectorate) Kuwait - State of Kuwait (Protectorate) Lagos Colony (Colony to January 1, 1914) Maldive Islands - Sultanate of the Maldive Islands (Protectorate) Malta (Crown colony) Mauritius (Crown colony) Muscat and Oman - Sultanate of Muscat and Oman (State under the informal protection) Nepal - Kingdom of Nepal (Protectorate) Nigeria - Colony and Protectorate of Nigeria (Crown colony and protectorate from January 1, 1914) North Borneo (Protectorate) Northern Nigeria - British Northern Nigeria Protectorate (Protectorate to January 1, 1914) Northern Rhodesia - Protectorate of Northern Rhodesia (Colony) Nyasaland - Nyasaland Protectorate (Protectorate) Capital: Zomba, Malawi Perlis - State of Perlis Indera Kayangan (Protectorate) Phoenix Islands (Colony) Pitcairn Islands (Colony) Saint Helena (Crown colony) Sarawak - Kingdom of Sarawak (Protectorate) Seychelles (Crown colony) Sierra Leone - Sierra Leone Colony and Protectorate (Crown colony and protectorate) South Orkney Islands (Uninhabited possession) South Shetland Islands (Uninhabited possession) Southern Nigeria - British Southern Nigeria Protectorate (Protectorate to January 1, 1914) Southern Rhodesia - Colony of Southern Rhodesia (Colony) Straits Settlements (Crown colony) Suez Canal Zone (Crown colony) Swaziland - Swaziland Protectorate (Protectorate) Terengganu - State of Terengganu Darul Iman (Protectorate) Trinidad and Tobago (Crown colony) Tristan da Cunha (Crown colony) Trucial States (Protectorate) Uganda (Protectorate) Victoria Land (Uninhabited possession) Weihai (Concession) Zanzibar (Protectorate) → United States – United States of America Capital: Washington, D.C. Widely recognized state. The following are territories of the United States of America: Upper Asir - Sheikdom of Upper Asir (from August 1916) Capital: Abha Widely recognized state. Uruguay – Eastern Republic of Uruguay Capital: Montevideo Widely recognized state.
V Venezuela – United States of Venezuela Capital: Caracas Widely recognized state.
Y Yemen – Mutawakkilite Kingdom of Yemen (from October 30, 1918) Capital: Sana`a Widely recognized independent state.[11] [12]
Non-sovereign territories
United Kingdom
Under provisional government Autonomous Republic of Northern Epirusself declared independence (from February 28, 1914) recognized autonomous inside the Principality of Albania (from March 17, 1914 to October 27, 1914)
States claiming sovereignty Alash – Alash Autonomy (from December 13, 1917) Capital: Alash-Qala Unrecognized state from 1917.[13] Alsace-Lorraine – Alsace-Lorraine Soviet Republic (from November 10 to 22, 1918) Capital: Straßburg Unrecognized Soviet republic. Aras – Republic of Aras (from December 1918 to June 1919) Capital: Nakhchivan (city) Unrecognized state. Banat Republic – Banat Republic (from October 31, 1918 to February 20, 1919) Capital: Timișoara Unrecognized state. Client state of the Hungarian Republic to 1918. Client state of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes from 1918 to 1919. → Bavaria Capital: Munich Unrecognized socialist state. → Belarus Partially-recognized state from 1918 to 1919. Puppet/Buffer State of Soviet Russia from January 1, 1919. Bottleneck – Free State Bottleneck (from January 10, 1919) Capital: Lorch, Hesse Unoccupied territory within post-World War I Germany. Bremen – Bremen Soviet Republic (from January 10 to February 4, 1919) Capital: Bremen Unrecognized state. Central Albania – Republic of Central Albania (from October 16, 1913 to March 7, 1914) Capital: Durrës Former unrecognized state. Centrocaspian Dictatorship – Centro-Caspian Dictatorship (from August 1 to September 15, 1918) Capital: Baku Unrecognized state. Courland and Semigallia – Duchy of Courland and Semigallia (from March 8 to September 22, 1918) Capital: Riga Client state of Germany. → Crimea Capital: Bakhchysarai Crimean People's Republic (from December 1917 to January 1918) Crimea – Crimean Socialist Soviet Republic (from May to June 1919) Self-proclaimed autonomy of the Russian Democratic Federative Republic. Don – Don Republic (from May 18, 1918) Capital: Novocherkassk Unrecognized state. Donbas and Kryvbas – Donets-Krivoy Rog Soviet Republic (from February 12 to March 20, 1918) Capital: Kharkiv Unrecognized, self-declared state. Hutsul Republic (from January 8 to June 11, 1919) Capital: Yasinia Unrecognized state. Icaria – Free State of Icaria (from July 18 to November 1912) Capital: Icaria Unrecognized state. Idel-Ural – Idel-Ural State (from March 1, 1918 to April 1918) Capital: Ufa Semi-Independent state. Ireland – Irish Republic (from January 21, 1919) Capital: Dublin Revolutionary state. Kars Republic – Provisional National Government of the Southwestern Caucasus (from December 1, 1918 to April 1919) Capital: Kars Nominally-independent provisional government. Khiva – Khanate of Khiva Capital: Khiva Semi-independent state. Under Russian Protection. Komancza – Komancza Republic (from November 4, 1918 to January 24, 1919) Capital: Komańcza Microstate. Kuban – Kuban People's Republic (from January 28, 1918) Capital: Yekaterinodar Unrecognized state. Lemko Republic – Lemko-Rusyn People's Republic (from December 5, 1918) Capital: Florynka Unrecognized state from December 5, 1918.[14] Lithuania-Byelorussia – Lithuanian-Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic (from February 17 to July 17, 1919) Capital: Vilnius , Minsk , and Smolensk Soviet puppet state from February 17 to July 17, 1919. North Ingria – Republic of North Ingria (from January 23, 1919) Capital: Kirjasalo Unrecognized state. Odessa – Odessa Soviet Republic (from January 17 to March 13, 1918) Capital: Odessa Puppet state of Soviet Russia. Perloja – Republic of Perloja (from November 1918) Unrecognized state. Saxony – Soviet Republic of Saxony (from November 13, 1918 to March 14, 1919) Capital: Dresden Unrecognized state. Slovakia – Slovak Soviet Republic (from June 16 to July 7, 1919) Capital: Prešov Puppet state of the Hungarian Soviet Republic. Slovenes, Croats and Serbs – State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs (from October 29 to December 1, 1918) Capital: Zagreb Unrecognized provisional government. Syria – Arab Kingdom of Syria (from November 26, 1919) Capital: Damascus De facto independent state not recognized by any other state.[15] Tarnobrzeg – Republic of Tarnobrzeg (from November 6, 1918, to spring 1919) Capital: Tarnobrzeg Unrecognized state. Transvaal – South African Republic (from September 1914 to February 1915) Tripolitania – Tripolitanian Republic (from November 16, 1918) Capital: ‘Aziziya Unrecognized state. Uhtua – Republic of Uhtua (from June 21, 1918) Capital: Uhtua Unrecognized state. Ukraine (separated into several governments) United Baltic Duchy (from September 22 to November 28, 1918) Capital: Riga Western Thrace – Independent Government of Western Thrace (from August 31 to October 25, 1913) Capital: Komotini Unrecognized state. Würzburg – Würzburg Soviet Republic (from April 7 to 9, 1919) Capital: Würzburg
Zakopane – Republic of Zakopane (from October 13 to November 16, 1918) Capital: Zakopane
Notes
References