2024 United States presidential election

Article Two of the United States Constitution states that for a person to serve as president, the person must be a natural-born citizen of the United States, be at least 35 years old, and have been a United States resident for at least 14 years. The Twenty-second Amendment prevents anyone from being elected president more than twice.

The Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization decision in June 2022, which overturned the 1973 Roe v. Wade decision and permitted U.S. states to fully ban abortion for the first time in nearly 50 years, has made abortion a likely issue. In the 2024 election, the topic of abortion is expected to play a major role in the Republican Party.

Due to more mass shootings in the United States, President Biden has advocated a ban of assault weapons. This is most likely a major campaign topic to play out in both parties.

Joe Biden is the current president, elected for his first term in office in the 2020 election, and has said he plans to run for a second term in 2024. He is the oldest president, at age 78, and would be 82 at the end of his first term and 86 at the end of his second term, if reelected.

If Biden is reelected, he will be term limited by the Twenty-second amendment and cannot run for reelection to a third term in 2028.

During late 2021, as President Biden had low approval ratings in the polls, there was peculation that he would not run for reelection.^[2] If this happened, Vice President Kamala Harris and Secretary of Transportation Pete Buttigieg would be considered likely candidates for the Democratic presidential nomination, having both run for president in 2020.^[3][4] However, Biden has said he has every intention of running for reelection.^[5]

In March 2023, author and 2020 presidential candidate Marianne Williamson announced her presidential campaign, challenging Biden.^[6] In April 2023, environmental lawyer Robert F. Kennedy Jr. announced his challenge to Biden, becoming the second Democratic challenger to Biden.^[7] On April 25, 2023, President Joe Biden announced he was running for re-election with Vice President Kamala Harris as his running mate.^[8]

In October 2023, Kennedy Jr. announced he would be withdrawing from the Democratic primary to run an Independent campaign for president.^[9] A few weeks later, U.S. Representative from Minnesota Dean Phillips announced his candidacy on October 26, 2023.^[10] Spiritual author Marianne Williamson ended her campaign on February 7, 2024.^[11]

The Democratic National Convention will be held in Chicago, Illinois at the United Center between August 19 to 22, 2024.^[12][13]

Name	Born	Experience	Home state	Campaign announced	Nomination clinched	Campaign	Contests won	Delegates won	Total popular vote	Ref
Joe Biden	November 20, 1942 (age 81) Scranton, Pennsylvania	46th President of the United States (2021–present) 47th Vice President of the United States (2009–2017) U.S. Senator from Delaware (1973–2009)	Delaware	April 25, 2023	March 12, 2024	Campaign April 25, 2023 FEC filing[14]	56 (AK, AL, AR, AZ, CA, CO, CT, DA, DC, DE, FL, GA, GU, HI, ID, IL, IN, IA, KS, KY, LA, MA, ME, MD, MI, MN, MO, MS, MT, MP, NE, NV, NH, NJ, NM, NY, NC, ND, OH, OK, OR, PA, PR, RI, SC, SD, TN, TX, UT, VA, VI, VT, WA, WV, WI, WY)	3,748 (94.91%)	14,035,157 (87.24%)	[8]

Name	Born	Experience	Home state	Campaign announced	Campaign suspended	Campaign	Contests won	Delegates won	Total popular vote	Ref
Marianne Williamson	July 8, 1952 (age 72) Houston, Texas	Author Founder of Project Angel Food Candidate for president in 2020	Washington, D.C.	March 4, 2023[a]	June 11, 2024[15]	2023-03-04 Campaign FEC filing[16] Website	None	0 (0.0%)	468,374 (2.91%)	[6] [17] [18]
Jason Palmer	December 1, 1971 (age 52) Aberdeen, Maryland	Venture capitalist	Maryland	October 22, 2023	May 15, 2024 (endorsed Biden)	2023-10-22 Campaign FEC filing[19] Website	1 (AS)	3 (0.1%)	20,409 (0.1%)	[20] [21]
Dean Phillips	January 20, 1969 (age 55) Saint Paul, Minnesota	U.S. Representative from MN-03 (2019–present) CEO of Phillips Distilling Company (2000–2012)	Minnesota	October 26, 2023	March 6, 2024 (endorsed Biden)	2023-10-26 Campaign FEC filing[22] Website	None	4 (0.1%)	528,198 (3.2%)	[23] [24] [25]
Robert F. Kennedy Jr.	January 17, 1954 (age 69) Washington, D.C.	Environmental lawyer Founder of Children's Health Defense Founder of Waterkeeper Alliance	California	April 19, 2023	October 9, 2023 (running as an independent)	Campaign FEC filing[26][27] Website	0 (0.0%)	None	754 (nil)	[28][29]

Donald Trump was defeated by Joe Biden in 2020 and was impeached by the House of Representatives. He was found not guilty in his second impeachment in 2021 and is currently able to run again in the 2024. If he decides to run, he would be seeking to become the second president, after Grover Cleveland, to serve two non-consecutive terms, potentially making him both the 45th and 47th president of the United States.^[30][31]

Although after the January 6 insurrection may have severely damaged his public opinion about him. House Democrats may use the Fourteenth Amendment to prevent Trump from being eligible to run again. If Trump succeeds and wins the republican nomination, he would be the first president since Richard Nixon to win his party's nomination three times in a row.

The last president to run after leaving office was Theodore Roosevelt, who came in second in the 1912 election as the candidate of the Progressive Party, although Herbert Hoover did seek the Republican nomination at national conventions after leaving office in 1933. On November 11, 2022, former Montana Secretary of State Corey Stapleton became the first Republican major candidate.^[32]

On November 15, 2022, he officially announced his candidacy to a non consecutive term. On February 14, 2023, former Ambassador to the United Nations Nikki Haley announced her candidacy. A week later, businessman Vivek Ramaswamy announced his campaign on February 21. On March 2, 2023, Michigan businessman and writer Perry Johnson announced his campaign after running ads during the Super Bowl in Iowa.^[33]

In April 2023, former Governor of Arkansas Asa Hutchinson announced his campaign and so did Texas businessman and pastor Ryan Binkley,^[34][35] while South Carolina U.S. Senator Tim Scott announced an exploratory committee for a possible presidential campaign.^[36] Scott would file to run on May 19, 2023.^[36] On April 20, conservative radio host and former 2021 California gubernatorial candidate Larry Elder announced his candidacy.^[37] On May 24, Governor of Florida Ron DeSantis announced his candidacy.^[38] Nearly two weeks later on Junt 5, former Vice President Mike Pence filed paperwork to run for president.^[39] The following day, former New Jersey Governor Chris Christie announced his campaign at a town hall event in New Hampshire.^[40] On June 7, Governor of North Dakota Doug Burgum announced his campaign.^[41] A week later on June 14, Miami Mayor Francis X. Suarez filed to run for president.^[42] On June 22, former Texas U.S. Representative Will Hurd announced his campaign.^[43]

Following the first debate, Suarez withdrew from the election on August 29, after saying non-debate qualified candidates should withdraw from the race.^[44] In early October 2023, Hurd and Stapleton withdrew from their candidacies with Hurd supporting Haley.^[45][46] By the end of the month, Johnson and Elder suspended their campaigns and endorsed Trump,^[47][48] whereas Pence dropped out without supporting anyone.^[49] On November 12, Senator Tim Scott ended his campaign after having low polling numbers.^[50] On December 4, Burgum ended his campaign after low polling numbers and failing to qualify for the last two debates.^[51]

On January 10, 2024, a week before the Iowa caucus, former Governor Chris Christie ended his campaign, after Trump critics urged him to drop out to help Nikki Haley in the New Hampshire primary.^[52] Following Trump's win in the Iowa caucus on January 15, 2024, Vivek Ramaswamy ended his campaign and endorsed Trump,^[53] whereas former Governor Asa Hutchinson ended his campaign the following day and endorsed Healey.^[54] On January 21, Governor Ron DeSantis ended his campaign and endorsed Trump.^[55] On February 27, pastor Ryan Binkley ended his campaign and endorsed Trump.^[56]

The Republican National Convention will be held in Milwaukee, Wisconsin at the Fiserv Forum between July 15 and 18, 2024.^[57][58] Other cities considered to host the convention included Salt Lake City, Kansas City, Nashville and Pittsburgh.^[59]

The candidates in this section have received substantial media coverage, hold or have held significant elected office, and/or have been included in at least five national polls.

Declared major candidates for the 2024 Republican Party presidential primaries

Name	Born	Experience	Home state	Campaign Announcement date	Ref.
Donald Trump	June 14, 1946 (age 78) Queens, New York	President of the United States (2017–2021) Chairman of The Trump Organization (1971–2017)	Florida[b]	2022-11-15 Campaign November 15, 2022 FEC filing[60][61] Website	[62]

The candidate in this section have suspended their campaigns, or have otherwise ceased campaigning and ended their bids for the nomination during the primary season.

Withdrawn major candidates for the 2024 Republican Party presidential primaries

Name	Born	Experience	Home state	Campaign announced	Campaign suspended	Campaign	Ref.
Nikki Haley	January 20, 1972 (age 52) Bamberg, South Carolina	Ambassador to the United Nations (2017–2018) Governor of South Carolina (2011–2017) South Carolina State Representative (2005–2011)	South Carolina	February 14, 2023	March 6, 2024	2023-02-14 Campaign February 14, 2023 FEC filing[63] Website	[64][65]
Ryan Binkley	November 19, 1967 (age 56) Columbus, Georgia	Co-founder and CEO of Generational Equity Group (2006–present) Co-founder and lead pastor of Create Church (2014–present)	Texas	April 23, 2023	February 27, 2024 (endorsed Trump)	2023-04-23 Campaign FEC filing[66][67] Website	[35][56]
Ron DeSantis	September 14, 1978 (age 45) Jacksonville, Florida	Governor of Florida (2019–present) U.S. Representative from FL-06 (2013–2018)	Florida	May 24, 2023	January 21, 2024 (endorsed Trump)	2023-05-24 Campaign FEC filing[68][69][70] Website	[38][55]
Asa Hutchinson	December 3, 1950 (age 73) Bentonville, Arkansas	Governor of Arkansas (2015–2023) Under Secretary of Homeland Security (2003–2005) Administrator of the Drug Enforcement Administration (2001–2003)	Arkansas	April 26, 2023	January 16, 2024 (endorsed Healey)	2023-04-26 Campaign FEC filing[71] Website	[34][54]
Vivek Ramaswamy	August 9, 1985 (age 38) Cincinnati, Ohio	Executive chairman of Strive Asset Management (2022–2023) CEO of Roivant Sciences (2014–2021)	Ohio	February 21, 2023	January 15, 2024 (endorsed Trump)	2023-02-21 Campaign FEC filing[72][73] Website	[74][53]

The candidates in this section have suspended their campaigns, or have otherwise ceased campaigning and ended their bids for the nomination before any primary contests were held.

Withdrawn major candidates for the 2024 Republican Party presidential primaries

Name	Born	Experience	Home state	Campaign announced	Campaign suspended	Campaign	Ref.
Chris Christie	September 6, 1962 (age 61) Newark, New Jersey	Governor of New Jersey (2010–2018) Candidate for president (2016) U.S. Attorney for the District of New Jersey (2002–2008)	New Jersey	June 6, 2023	January 10, 2024	Campaign FEC filing[75] Website	[40][52]
Doug Burgum	August 1, 1956 (age 67) Arthur, North Dakota	Governor of North Dakota (2016–present) Senior VP of Microsoft Business Solutions Group (2002–2007) President of Great Plains Software (1984–2001)	North Dakota	June 7, 2023	December 4, 2023 (endorsed Trump)	2023-06-07 Campaign FEC filing[76] Website	[41][51]
Tim Scott	September 19, 1965 (age 58) North Charleston, South Carolina	U.S. Senator from South Carolina (2013–present) U.S. Representative from SC-01 (2011–2013) South Carolina State Representative (2009–2011)	South Carolina	May 19, 2023 Exploratory committee: April 12, 2023	November 12, 2023 (endorsed Trump)	2023-05-19 Campaign FEC filing[77][78] Website	[36][50]
Mike Pence	June 7, 1959 (age 64) Columbus, Indiana	Vice President of the United States (2017–2021) Governor of Indiana (2013–2017) U.S. Representative from IN-06 (2003–2013) U.S. Representative from IN-02 (2001–2003)	Indiana	June 5, 2023	October 28, 2023	2023-06-05 Campaign FEC filing[79] Website	[39][49]
Larry Elder	April 27, 1952 (age 71) Los Angeles, California	Host of The Larry Elder Show (1993–2022) Candidate for Governor of California in the 2021 recall election	California	April 20, 2023	October 26, 2023 (endorsed Trump)	2023-05-01 Campaign FEC filing[80] Website	[81][48]
Perry Johnson	January 23, 1948 (age 75) Dolton, Illinois	Founder of Perry Johnson Registrars, Inc. (1994–present) Disqualified candidate for Governor of Michigan in 2022	Michigan	March 2, 2023	October 20, 2023 (endorsed Trump)	Campaign FEC filing[82] Website	[83][47][84]
Corey Stapleton	September 17, 1967 (age 56) Seattle, Washington	Montana Secretary of State (2017–2021) Montana State Senator (2001–2009)	Montana	November 11, 2022 Exploratory committee: March 10, 2022	October 13, 2023	2022-11-11 Campaign FEC filing[85] Website	[86][87][46]
Will Hurd	August 19, 1977 (age 46) San Antonio, Texas	U.S. Representative from TX-23 (2015–2021)	Texas	June 22, 2023	October 9, 2023 (endorsed Haley)	Campaign FEC filing[88] Website	[43][45]
Francis Suarez	October 6, 1977 (age 45) Miami, Florida	Mayor of Miami (2017–present) Member of the Miami City Commission (2009–2017)	Florida	June 14, 2023	August 29, 2023	Campaign FEC filing[89] Website Archived August 22, 2023, at the Wayback Machine[c]	[42][44]

Other notable individuals who were not considered major candidates and who withdrew from the race before the beginning of the primary season include:

• Steve Laffey, mayor of Cranston, Rhode Island (2003–2007)^[90][91]

Only two candidates are on the ballot in enough states to earn 270 electoral college votes, which is enough to win the presidency.

Party	Presidential nominee	Vice presidential nominee	Campaign	Electoral vote access	Ref.
Libertarian	Chase Oliver Nominee for U.S. Senator from Georgia in 2022 and sales executive	Mike ter Maat Economist and police officer	Website Campaign	337 E.V.s (as of June 20, 2024)	[92]
Green	Jill Stein Nominee for U.S. president in 2012 and 2016 from Massachusetts	TBD	Website Campaign Listed as an independent in: AK, ID	279 E.V.s (as of June 20, 2024)	[93]

These candidates are not on enough state ballots to earn 270 electoral college votes.

Party	Presidential nominee	Vice presidential nominee	Campaign	States with ballot access	Ref.
Independent	Robert F. Kennedy Jr. Attorney and activist from California	Nicole Shanahan Attorney and technologist from California	Website Campaign FEC filing[94][95][96]	139 E.V.s (as of June 20, 2024)	[97][98][99]
Constitution Party	Randall Terry Activist and perennial candidate from Tennessee	Stephen Broden Pastor and political commentator from Texas	Website Campaign	104 E.V.s (as of June 20, 2024)	[100][101]
Independent	Cornel West Academic and activist from California	Melina Abdullah Academic and activist from California	Website Campaign FEC filing[102][103][104]	39 E.V.s (as of June 20, 2024)	[105][106]
Party for Socialism and Liberation	Claudia De La Cruz Activist from New York	Karina Garcia Activist from California	Website Campaign FEC filing[107]	23 E.V.s (as of June 20, 2024)	[108][109]
Constitution Parties of Utah and Nevada[d]	Joel Skousen Survivalist and consultant from Utah	Rik Combs Businessman from Missouri	Website May 6, 2024	12 E.V.s (as of June 20, 2024)	[110]
American Solidarity Party	Peter Sonski Local politician from Connecticut	Lauren Onak Teacher from Florida	2023-06-13 Website June 13, 2023 FEC filing[111]	10 E.V.s (as of June 20, 2024)	[112]
Approval Voting Party	Blake Huber Nominee for President in 2020 from Colorado	Andrea Denault Activist and political consultant from North Dakota	Website March 16, 2024	10 E.V.s (as of June 20, 2024)	[113]
Prohibition Party	Michael Wood Businessman and Prohibition National Committee member from California	John Pietrowski Prohibition National Committee member from Ohio	2023-07-05Website July 5, 2023 FEC filing[114]	6 E.V.s (as of June 20, 2024)	[115]
I	Shiva Ayyadurai Entrepreneur from Massachusetts	TBA	Website September 4, 2023 FEC filing[116]	6 E.V.s (as of July 2, 2024)
I	Lucifer “Justin Case” Everylove from New Hampshire	TBA	No Website or FEC Filing	6 E.V.s (as of July 2, 2024)
GPAK	Jasmine Sherman Landlord and Non-Profit Executive from North Carolina	Tanda BluBear Activist from California	Website December 2, 2021FEC Filing[117]	3 E.V.s (as of July 2, 2024)	[118]

Parties and candidates in this section have not attained ballot access in any states.

• Pirate Party: Vermin Supreme (performance artist, presidential nominee); no vice presidential nominee^[119]
• Socialist Party USA: Bill Stodden (nonprofit executive,^[120] presidential nominee); Stephanie Cholensky (political activist, vice-presidential nominee)^[121][120]
• Socialist Equality Party: Joseph Kishore (SEP national secretary, presidential nominee); Jerry White (journalist, vice-presidential nominee)^[122]
• Socialist Workers Party: Rachele Fruit (presidential nominee); Dennis Richter (vice-presidential nominee)^{[e][123][124]}
• Transhumanist Party: Tom Ross, (technology and political activist, presidential nominee); Daniel Twedt (nonprofit executive and perennial candidate, vice-presidential nominee)^[125]
• Unity Party of America^[f]: Paul Noel Fiorino (perennial candidate, presidential nominee); Matthew May (vice-presidential nominee)^[126]