Citric acid
Citric acid is a weak organic acid wi the formula C6H8O7. It is a naitural preservative/conservative an is an aa uised tae add an acidic or sour taste tae fuids an drinks. In biochemistry, the conjugate base o citric acid, citrate, is important as an intermediate in the citric acid cycle, which occurs in the metabolism o aw aerobic organisms.
Names | |
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IUPAC name 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid | |
Ither names 3-carboxy-3-hydroxypentanedioic acid 2-hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboxylic acid[1] | |
Identifiers | |
CAS Nummer | |
3D model (JSmol) | |
ChEBI | |
ChEMBL | |
ChemSpider | |
DrugBank | |
EC Nummer | 201-069-1 |
KEGG | |
PubChem CID | |
RTECS nummer | GE7350000 |
UNII | |
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SMILES
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Properties | |
C6H8O7 | |
Molar mass | 192.124 g/mol (anhydrous) 210.14 g/mol (monohydrate) |
Appearance | crystalline white solid |
Odour | odorless |
Density | 1.665 g/cm3(1.5g/cm3 for monohydrate) |
Meltin pynt | 156 °C (313 °F; 429 K) |
Bylin pynt | 310 °C (590 °F; 583 K) |
Solubility in watter | 59[2] g/100 ml (20 °C) |
Solubility | very soluble in ethanol soluble in ether, ethyl acetate insoluble in benzene, chloroform |
log P | -1.64 |
Acidity (pKa) | pKa1 = 3.14 pKa2 = 4.75 pKa3 = 6.39,[3] 6.40[4] |
Thermochemistry | |
Std enthalpy o formation ΔfH | -1548.8 kJ/mol |
Hazards | |
Main hazards | skin an eye irritant |
NFPA 704 | 1 2 0 |
Flash pynt | 155 °C (311 °F) |
Explosive leemits | 1.8-4.8% |
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC): | |
LD50 (Median dose) | 3000 mg/kg (rat, oral) |
Relatit compoonds | |
Except whaur itherwise notit, data are gien for materials in thair staundart state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). | |
verify (whit is ?) | |
Infobox references | |
Citric acid is a commodity chemical, an mair nor a million tonnes are produced every year bi fermentation. It is uised mainly as an acidifier, as a flavorin, an as a chelatin agent.
References
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