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Chemical compound
Tipepidine (INN) (brand names Asverin, Antupex, Asvelik, Asvex, Bitiodin, Cofdenin A, Hustel, Nodal, Sotal), also known as tipepidine hibenzate (JAN), is a synthetic, non-opioid antitussive and expectorant of the thiambutene class.[1][2] It acts as an inhibitor of G protein-coupled inwardly-rectifying potassium channels (GIRKs).[3] The drug was discovered in the 1950s,[4] and was developed in Japan in 1959.[5] It is used as the hibenzate and citrate salts.[1][5]
The usual dose is 20 mg every 4–6 hours.[citation needed] Possible side effects of tipepidine, especially in overdose, may include drowsiness, vertigo, delirium, disorientation, loss of consciousness, and confusion.[5]
Tipepidine has been investigated as a potential psychiatric drug. It is being investigated in depression,[3][6][7] obsessive-compulsive disorder,[8] and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).[9][10][11] Through inhibition of GIRK channels, tipepidine increases dopamine levels in the nucleus accumbens, but without increasing locomotor activity or producing methamphetamine-like behavioral sensitization, and this action appears to be at least partly responsible for its antidepressant-like effects in rodents.[12][13]
See also
References
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Calcium | VDCCsTooltip Voltage-dependent calcium channels | |
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Potassium | VGKCsTooltip Voltage-gated potassium channels | |
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IRKsTooltip Inwardly rectifying potassium channel | Blockers | |
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Activators | - GIRKTooltip G protein-coupled inwardly rectifying potassium channel-specific: ML-297 (VU0456810)
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KCaTooltip Calcium-activated potassium channel | |
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K2PsTooltip Tandem pore domain potassium channel | |
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Sodium | VGSCsTooltip Voltage-gated sodium channels | |
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ENaCTooltip Epithelial sodium channel | |
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ASICsTooltip Acid-sensing ion channel | |
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Chloride | CaCCsTooltip Calcium-activated chloride channel | |
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CFTRTooltip Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator | |
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Unsorted | |
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Others | TRPsTooltip Transient receptor potential channels | |
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LGICsTooltip Ligand gated ion channels | |
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