Daftar pengatur bahasa
halaman disambiguasi Wikimedia
Halaman ini merupakan daftar badan yang mengatur bahasa baku, biasanya badan tersebut disebut akademi bahasa . Kegiatan akademi atau badan tersebut tersebut dilatarbelakangi atau berhubungan dekat dengan ideologi purisme bahasa, dan institusi tersebut biasanya menerbitkan pedoman preskriptif untuk penggunaan bahasa, termasuk kamus normatif[1] yang bertujuan mempreskripsikan makna dan cara penggunaan kosakata. Badan bahasa biasanya juga mengusulkan dan menjaga sebuah sistem ejaan resmi.
Bahasa alami
| Bahasa | Wilayah | Pengatur |
|---|---|---|
| Afrikaans |  Afrika Selatan | Die Taalkommissie |
| Akan |  Ghana | Komite Ortografi Akan |
| Albania |  Albania | Akademi Ilmu Pengetahuan Albania, Tirana |
| Arab |  Aljazair Suriah Mesir Yordania Maroko Irak Tunisia Sudan Israel Somalia | Akademi Bahasa Arab; Aljazair, Suriah, Mesir, Somalia, Yordania, Maroko, Irak, Tunisia, Sudan, Israel Majelis Internasional Bahasa Arab |
| Aragon |  Aragon | Academia de l'Aragonés, Aragon, Spanyol |
| Armenia |  Armenia | Akademi Ilmu Pengetahuan Nasional Armenia |
| Assam |  Assam | Asam Sahitya Sabha (অসম সাহিত্য সভা) |
| Asturia |  Asturias | Akademi bahasa Asturia (Academia de la Llingua Asturiana) |
| Azeri |  Azerbaijan | Akademi Ilmu Pengetahuan Nasional Azerbaijan |
| Bengali |  Bangladesh | Akademi Bangla (বাংলা একাডেমী) |
| Benggala Barat | Paschimbanga Bangla Akademi (পশ্চিমবঙ্গ বাংলা আকাদেমি) | |
| Basque |  País Vasco | Euskaltzaindia, sering kali diterjemahkan sebagai Akademi Kerajaan Bahasa Basque |
| Belarus |  Belarus | Institut Bahasa dan Literatur Jakub Kolas dan Janka Kupala[2] di Akademi Ilmu Pengetahuan Nasional Belarus |
| Berber atau Tamazight | Maroko | Institut Kerajaan Kebudayaan Amazight (IRCAM) |
| Aljazair | HCA Diarsipkan 2012-06-26 di Wayback Machine. | |
| Bulgaria |  Bulgaria | Institut Bahasa Bulgaria di Akademi Ilmu Pengetahuan Bulgaria |
| Myanmar |  Myanmar | Komisi Bahasa Myanmar |
| Catalan |  Catalonia | Institute of Catalan Studies (Institut d'Estudis Catalans) |
 Valencian Community | Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua (for the Valencian standard) | |
| Cebuano |  Filipina | Visayan Academy of Arts and Letters |
| Mandarin Chinese |  Tiongkok | State Language and Letters Committee (国家语言文字工作委员会) |
 Republik Tiongkok (Taiwan) | National Languages Committee (國語推行委員會) | |
 Singapura | Promote Mandarin Council (讲华语运动理事会) | |
 Malaysia | Chinese Language Standardisation Council of Malaysia (马来西亚华语规范理事会) | |
| Cornish |  Cornwall | Cornish Language Partnership (Keskowethyans an Taves Kernewek) |
| Croatian |  Kroasia | Institute of Croatian Language and Linguistics (Institut za hrvatski jezik i jezikoslovlje) |
| Czech |  Ceko | Institute of the Czech Language (of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic) — Ústav pro jazyk český (Akademie věd České republiky) |
| Danish |  Denmark | Dansk Sprognævn (Danish Language Council) |
| Dalecarlian |  Dalarna County | Ulum Dalska |
| Dari |  Afganistan | Academy of Sciences of Afghanistan |
| Divehi |  Maladewa | Dhivehi Academy |
| Dutch |  Belanda Belgia Suriname | Nederlandse Taalunie (Dutch Language Union) |
| Dzongkha |  Bhutan | Dzongkha Development Commission |
| Estonian |  Estonia | Emakeele Seltsi keeletoimkond Diarsipkan 2012-07-31 di Wayback Machine. (Language Board at the Mother Tongue Society) sets rules and standards, authoritative advice is given by the Institute of the Estonian Language (Eesti Keele Instituut) |
| Faroese |  Kepulauan Faroe | Faroese Language Board (Føroyska málnevndin) |
| Filipino | Filipina | Commission on the Filipino Language |
| Finnish |  Finlandia | Research Institute for the Languages of Finland |
| French |  Prancis | Académie française (French Academy) |
 Quebec | Office québécois de la langue française (Quebec Office of the French Language) | |
| Galician |  Galicia | Royal Galician Academy (Real Academia Galega, official) |
| German |  Jerman Austria SwissTemplat:Country data South Tyrol Belgium Liechtenstein Luxembourg | Council for German Orthography (Rat für deutsche Rechtschreibung) |
| Greenland |  Greenland | The Greenland Language Secretariat (Oqaasileriffik) |
| Greek |  Greece Cyprus | Center for the Greek language (Κέντρον Ελληνικής Γλώσσας) |
| Haitian Creole |  Haiti | Ministère de l'éducation nationale et de la formation professionnelle Diarsipkan 2011-07-21 di Wayback Machine. (Haitian department of education) [butuh rujukan] |
| Hebrew | Israel | The Academy of the Hebrew Language (האקדמיה ללשון העברית) |
| Hindi | India | Central Hindi Directorate (regulates use of Devanagari script and Hindi spelling in India) |
| Hmar | India | Hmar Literature Society (Manipur, India)[butuh rujukan] |
| Hungarian |  Hungaria | Research Institute for Linguistics of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences (Magyar Tudományos Akadémia Nyelvtudományi Intézete) |
| Icelandic |  Islandia | Árni Magnússon Institute for Icelandic Studies |
| Igbo |  Nigeria | Society for Promoting Igbo Language and Culture |
| Indonesian |  Indonesia | Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa |
| Irish |  Irlandia Northern Ireland | Foras na Gaeilge |
| Italian |  ItaliaTemplat:RSM Swiss Vatican City | Accademia della Crusca (Academy of the bran) |
| Japanese |  Jepang | No official centralized regulation, but de facto regulations by Agency for Cultural Affairs (文化庁) at the Ministry of Education of Japan (文部科学省) |
| Kannada | Karnataka | Various academies and Government of Karnataka |
| Kashubian |  Polandia | Commission of the Kashubian Language (Radzëzna Kaszëbsczégò Jãzëka Diarsipkan 2007-12-18 di Wayback Machine.) |
| Kazakh |  Kazakhstan | Ministry of Culture of Kazakhstan Diarsipkan 2011-11-02 di Wayback Machine. |
| Korean |  Korea Selatan | The National Institute of the Korean Language (국립국어원) |
| Kven |  Norwegia | Kainun institutti – kvensk institutt |
| Kyrgyz |  Kirgizstan | National Committee for State Language under the President of the Kyrgyz Republic[pranala nonaktif permanen] (Кыргыз Республикасынын Президентине караштуу Мамлекеттик тил боюнча улуттук комиссия) |
| Ladino | Israel | Autoridad Nasionala del Ladino (National Authority of Ladino) [1] Diarsipkan 2017-12-02 di Wayback Machine. |
| Latin | Holy See | Pontifical Academy for Latin (Pontificia Academia Latinitatis) (Latin in the Roman Catholic Church)[3] |
| International Code of Botanical Nomenclature (of the International Association for Plant Taxonomy: botanical Latin) | ||
| International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (of the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature: zoological Latin) | ||
| Latvian |  Latvia | Latvian State Language Center (Valsts Valodas Centrs) |
| Lithuanian |  Lituania | Commission of the Lithuanian Language (Valstybinė lietuvių kalbos komisija) |
| Lusoga |  Uganda | Lusoga Language Authority (LULA) |
| Macedonian |  Makedonia Utara | Macedonian Language Institute "Krste Misirkov" (Институт за македонски јазик „Крсте Мисирков“, Institut za makedonski jazik „Krste Misirkov“) |
| Malay | Malaysia Brunei | Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka (The Institute of Language and Literature) |
| Malayalam | Kerala | Kerala Sahitya Akademi (കേരള സാഹിത്യ പരിശീലന സ്ഥാപനം) and Government of Kerala |
| Maltese |  Malta | National Council for the Maltese Language (www.kunsilltalmalti.gov.mt) |
| Manx |  Pulau Man | Coonceil ny Gaelgey |
| Māori |  Selandia Baru | Māori Language Commission |
| Mirandese |  Portugal | Anstituto de la Lhéngua Mirandesa (Institute of the Mirandese Language) |
| Mixtec |  Meksiko | Academy of the Mixtec Language (Ve'e Tu'un Sávi) |
| Mongolian |  Mongolia | Council of the official state language (Төрийн хэлний зөвлөл). Decisions have to be confirmed by the Mongolian government.[4] |
| Nepali |  Nepal | Language Academy of Nepal |
| Norwegian (Bokmål and Nynorsk) | Norwegia | Norwegian Language Council |
| Occitan | Prancis Spanyol Monako Italia | Lo Congrès Permanent de la lenga occitana (the permanent congress of occitan language)[2] |
| Pashto | Afganistan Pakistan | Academy of Sciences of Afghanistan Pashto Academy |
| Persian |  Iran Tajikistan Afganistan Uzbekistan | Academy of Persian Language and Literature (فرهنگستان زبان و ادب فارسی) |
| Polish | Polandia | Polish Language Council (Rada Języka Polskiego) |
| Portuguese | Portugal | Academia das Ciências de Lisboa, Classe de Letras |
 Brasil | Academia Brasileira de Letras (Brazilian Literary Academy) | |
| Quechua |  Peru | High Academy of the Quechua Language (Qheswa simi hamut'ana kuraq suntur) |
| Romanian |  Rumania | Institutul de Lingvisticǎ al Academiei Române (Institute for Linguistics of the Romanian Academy) |
 Moldova | Academia de Ştiinţe a Moldovei | |
| Russian |  Russian Empire | Russian Academy (1783–1841) |
| Rusia | Russian Language Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences (since 1944) | |
| Scots |  Skotlandia | The Scots Language Centre supports the Scots language.[5] Scottish Language Dictionaries record and analyse the language as it is spoken and written throughout Scotland and Ulster today.[6] |
| Scottish Gaelic | Skotlandia | Bòrd na Gàidhlig maintains the national plan for Gaelic, to promote its use and make Gaelic culture accessible |
| Secwepemctsín |  Kanada | Stk'wemiple7s re Secwepemctsin, are the group of people supported by the Secwepemc Cultural Education Society who develop new words. |
| Serbian, Bosnian and Montenegrin |  Serbia Montenegro ( B & H) | Board for Standardization of the Serbian Language |
| Sindhi | Pakistan | Sindhi Language Authority [3] Diarsipkan 2007-06-08 di Wayback Machine. |
| Sinhala |  Sri Lanka | Hela Havula (හෙළ හවුල) |
| Slovak |  Slowakia | Ľudovít Štúr Institute of Linguistics (Jazykovedný ústav Ľudovíta Štúra) at Slovak Academy of Sciences (Slovenská akadémia vied) |
| Slovene |  Slovenia | Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts |
| Somali | Somalia | Ministry of Education, Culture and Higher Education |
| Sorbian | Jerman | Serbski institut [4] |
| Spanish | Spain Colombia Ecuador Mexico El Salvador Venezuela Chile Peru Guatemala Costa Rica Filipina Panama Cuba Paraguay Dominican Republic Bolivia Nicaragua Argentina Uruguay Honduras Puerto Rico United States | Asociación de Academias de la Lengua Española (constituted by the Real Academia Española plus 21 other separate national academies in the Spanish-speaking world) |
| Swahili |  Tanzania | Baraza la Kiswahili la Taifa |
 Kenya | Chama cha Kiswahili cha Taifa | |
| Swedish | Swedia | Swedish Language Council (semi-official) Swedish Academy |
| Finlandia | Swedish Language Department of the Research Institute for the Languages of Finland (Svenska språkbyrån) | |
| Tamil | Tamil Nadu | Thanjavur Tamil University and Official language Commission of Government of Tamil Nadu |
| Tatar |  Tatarstan | Institute of Language, Literature and Arts of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Tatarstan |
| Telugu | Andhra Pradesh | Telugu Academy and Official Language Commission of Government of Andhra Pradesh |
| Tetum |  Timor Leste | National Institute of Linguistics at the National University of East Timor |
| Thai |  Thailand | Royal Institute of Thailand (ราชบัณฑิตยสถาน) |
| Turkish |  Turki | Turkish Language Association |
| Ukrainian |  Ukraina | National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine |
| Urdu | Pakistan India | National Language Authority, Pakistan National Council for Promotion of Urdu Language, India |
| Urhobo language | Nigeria | [Urhobo Studies Association] |
| Võro | Estonia | Võro Institute |
| Waray-Waray | Filipina | Sanghiran san Binisaya ha Samar ug Leyte (Academy of the Visayan Language of Samar and Leyte) defunct |
| Welsh |  Wales | — Welsh Language Commissioner (Meri Huws) — The Welsh Government (previously the Welsh Language Board Bwrdd yr Iaith Gymraeg)(Principally, however, the role of the Welsh Language Commissioner is that of language planning and policy regulator and enforcer. The role also includes corpus planning.) |
| Frisia Barat |  Friesland | Fryske Akademy (Frisian Academy) |
| Wolof |  Senegal | Centre de linguistique appliquée de Dakar (Center of Applied Linguistics of Dakar at the Cheikh Anta Diop University) |
| Yiddish | United States Swedia Rusia | YIVO [5] |
| Yoruba | Nigeria | The Yoruba Academy |
Bahasa pembantu
Interlingua
Bahasa Interlingua tidak memiliki sebuah badan pengatur, karena bentuk kosakata, tata bahasa, dan ortografinya dipandang sebagai sebuah produk dari kekuatan sosial yang sedang berlangsung. Karena itulah Interlingua berkembang secara bebas dari badan pengatur apa pun. Kosakata Interlingua diperiksa dan didata secara dinamis dengan menerapkan prinsip-prinsip umum tertentu untuk sekumpulan bahasa alami yang ada dan etimologinya.
Bahasa buatan
Bahasa-bahasa seperti Esperanto dan Ido telah dibuat atau dicanangkan oleh seseorang atau sebuah kelompok, sebelum diadopsi dan dikembangkan oleh komunitas pengguna. Badan-badan seperti Akademio de Esperanto melihat pertanyaan akan penggunaan ringan akan tujuan dan dasar asli bahasa tersebut.
| Bahasa | Pengatur |
|---|---|
| Esperanto | Akademio de Esperanto |
| Ido | Uniono por la Linguo Internaciona Ido |
| Klingon | Marc Okrand |
| Lojban | Logical Language Group |
| Talossa | Comità per l'Útzil del Glheþ |
| Volapük | Kadäm Volapüka |
Lihat pula
- Kebijakan bahasa
- Revitalisasi bahasa
- Perencanaan bahasa
- Purisme bahasa
Referensi
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