Illinois

Illinois
	State of Illinois (en)
Flag of Illinois (en)	Seal of Illinois (en)
	;
Take	Illinois (en) (1925)
Kirari	«State sovereignty, national union»
Official symbol (en)	Northern Cardinal (en) , popcorn (en) , Eastern Tiger Salamander (en) , painted turtle (en) , oak (en) , Viola sororia (en) , white oak (en) , Danaus plexippus (en) , bluegill (en) , fluorite (en) , white-tailed deer (en) , Tullimonstrum (en) , square dance (en) , Andropogon gerardi (en) da pirogue (en)
Inkiya	Land of Lincoln da Prairie State
Suna saboda	Illinois Confederation (en)
Wuri
	40°00′01″N 89°15′01″W / 40.0003°N 89.2503°W
Ƴantacciyar ƙasa	Tarayyar Amurka
Babban birni	Springfield (en)
Yawan mutane
Faɗi	12,812,508 (2020)
• Yawan mutane	85.42 mazaunan/km²
Home (en)	4,884,061 (2020)
Harshen gwamnati	Turanci ; Turancin Amurka
Labarin ƙasa
Bangare na	contiguous United States (en)
Yawan fili	149,998 km²
• Ruwa	4.13 %
Wuri a ina ko kusa da wace teku	Lake Michigan (en) , Wabash River (en) , Kogin Ohio da Mississippi (kogi)
Altitude (en)	191 m
Wuri mafi tsayi	Charles Mound (en) (376 m)
Wuri mafi ƙasa	Kogin Ohio
Sun raba iyaka da	Wisconsin ; Iowa ; Missouri (jiha) ; Kentucky ; Indiana ; Michigan
Bayanan tarihi
Ƙirƙira	3 Disamba 1818
Tsarin Siyasa
Majalisar zartarwa	Government of Illinois (en)
Gangar majalisa	Illinois General Assembly (en)
• Governor of Illinois (en)	J. B. Pritzker (en) (14 ga Janairu, 2019)
Majalisar shariar ƙoli	Illinois Supreme Court (en)
Bayanan Tuntuɓa
Kasancewa a yanki na lokaci	Central Time Zone (en) ; America/Chicago (en)
Lamba ta ISO 3166-2	US-IL
GNIS Feature ID (en)	1779784
Wasu abun
Yanar gizo	illinois.gov

Illinois Jiha ne daga jihohin ƙasar Tarayyar Amurka, a tsakiyar ƙasar. Jihar Tarayyar Amurka ne daga shekara ta alif 1818.Mafi girman yankunanta shine Chicago da yankin Metro East na Greater St. Louis . Sauran yankuna na birni sun hada da Peoria da Rockford, da kuma Springfield, babban birninta, da Champaign-Urbana, gida ga babban harabar jami'ar flagship ta jihar. Daga cikin jihohi hamsin na Amurka, Illinois tana da mafi girma na cikin gida na biyar (GDP), Jerin Jihohin Amurka da yankuna ta yawan jama'a|mafi yawan jama'a na shida, da yanki na 25 mafi girma

Asali

Masanan Amurka a baya sun yi tunanin sunan Illinois yana nufin 'mutum' ko 'maza' a cikin yaren Miami-Illinois, tare da asalin iliniwek .</link> canza ta hanyar Faransanci zuwa Illinois. ^[1] ^[2] Harshen Illinois ba ya goyan bayan wannan ilimin ƙa'idar, kamar yadda kalmar "mutum" ita ce ireniwa , kuma jam'in "mutum" shine ireniwaki. Sunan mahaif an kuma ce yai, na nufin 'kabilar manyan mazaje', ^[3] wanda shine ƙa'idar ƙarya.

Sunan Illinois ya samo asali ne daga kalmar aikatau ta Miami-Illinois irenwe·wa</link> 'yana magana akai akai'. An ɗauke wannan cikin harshen Ojibwe, ƙila a cikin yaren Ottawa, kuma an canza shi zuwa ilinwe·</link> (jama'a kamar ilinwe·k</link> ). Faransawa sun aro waɗannan fom, suna rubuta /we/</link> ƙarewa as -ois</link> , fassarar wannan sautin a cikin Faransanci na wancan lokacin. Tsarin rubutun na yanzu, Illinois, ya fara bayyana a farkon shekarun 1670, lokacin da masu mulkin mallaka na Faransa suka zauna a yankin yamma. Sunan Illinois da kansu, kamar yadda aka tabbatar a cikin ƙamus na zamanin mishan na Faransa guda uku na Illinois, shine Inoka</link> , ma'anar da ba a sani ba kuma ba tare da alaƙa da sauran kalmomin ba. ^[4]

Tarihi

Wayewa ta bace a cikin karni na 15 saboda dalilai da ba a san su ba, amma masana tarihi da masu binciken kayan tarihi sun yi hasashen cewa mutanen sun lalata albarkatun kasa. Ƙabilun ƴan asalin ƙasar da yawa sun yi yaƙi akai-akai. A cewar Suzanne Austin Alchon, "A wani wuri a tsakiyar kwarin kogin Illinois, kashi ɗaya bisa uku na dukan manya sun mutu sakamakon mummunan rauni." ^[5] Babban iko na gaba a yankin shine Ƙungiyar Illinois ko Illini, ƙawancen siyasa. ^[6] Kamar yadda Illini ya ƙi a lokacin Beaver Wars, membobin Algonquian -speaking Potawatomi, Miami, Sauk, da sauran kabilu ciki har da Fox ( Meskwaki ), Iowa, Kickapoo, Mascouten, Piankeshaw, Shawnee, Wea, da Winnebago ( Ho-Chunk ) ) ya shigo yankin daga gabas da arewa kusa da manyan tabkuna.

Yakin Basasa da bayansa

A lokacin yakin basasar Amurka, Illinois ya zama na hudu a cikin sojojin da suka yi aiki (fiye da 250,000) a cikin Rundunar Soja, adadi ya wuce New York, Pennsylvania, da Ohio kawai. An fara da kiran farko na Shugaba Abraham Lincoln na sojoji da kuma ci gaba a cikin yakin, Illinois ta tattara runduna 150 na sojojin ƙasa, waɗanda aka ƙidaya daga na 7th zuwa na 156th. An kuma taru da dakarun sojan doki goma sha bakwai, da kuma rundunonin bindigu na kananan bindigogi guda biyu. ^[7] Garin Alkahira, a gefen kudancin jihar a mahadar kogin Mississippi da Ohio, ya kasance cibiyar samar da kayayyaki mai mahimmanci da cibiyar horar da sojojin Tarayyar . Tsawon watanni da yawa, duka Janar Grant da Admiral Foote suna da hedkwata a Alkahira.