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Visa requirements for Canadian citizens

Visa requirements for Canadian citizens are administrative entry restrictions by the authorities of other states placed on citizens of Canada.

As of 2024, Canadian citizens had visa-free or visa on arrival access to 189 countries and territories, ranking the Canadian passport 7th in the world according to the Henley Passport Index.[1] It is ranked 6th by the Global Passport Power Rank.[2]

Visa requirements map

Visa requirements for Canadian citizens holding ordinary passports
  Canada
  Visa not required or Electronic Travel Authorisation
  Visa on arrival
  eVisa required
  Visa available both on arrival or online
  Visa required prior to arrival or not established

Visa requirements

The following table indicates the entry requirements and duration of stay for a given country, along with any notes that may be relevant for that given country.

CountryEntry requirementStay durationNotes (excluding departure fees)Reciprocity
 AfghanistanVisa required[3][4]
  • The Canadian government advises its citizens not to visit Afghanistan due to the security situation, likely terrorist attacks, the ongoing armed conflict, the risk of kidnapping and the high crime rate.[5]
Yes
 AlbaniaVisa not required[6]90 daysNo
 AlgeriaVisa required[7][8]Yes
 AndorraVisa not required[9]90 days [10]Yes
 AngolaVisa not required[11]30 daysNo
 Antigua and BarbudaVisa not required[14]6 monthsNo
 ArgentinaVisa not required[15]90 daysNo
 ArmeniaeVisa / Visa on arrival[16][17]180 days per yearNo
 Australia and territoriesElectronic Travel Authorisation[18]90 days
  • 90 days on each visit in 12-month period.
  • Canadian Passport Holders may enter using Smartgate system.
Yes
 AustriaVisa not required[19]90 daysYes
 AzerbaijaneVisa[20][21]30 days[22]No
 BahamasVisa not required[23]8 monthsYes
 BahraineVisa / Visa on arrival[24]14 daysNo
 BangladeshVisa on arrival[25]30 daysNo
 BarbadosVisa not required[26]6 monthsYes
 BelarusVisa not required[27]30 daysNo
 BelgiumVisa not required[31]90 daysYes
 BelizeVisa not required[32]No
 BenineVisa[33][34]30 days[35]
  • Must have an international vaccination certificate.
No
 BhutaneVisa[36][37]Yes
 BoliviaVisa not required[38]90 daysNo
 Bosnia and HerzegovinaVisa not required[39]90 days
  • 90 days within any 6-month period.
No
 BotswanaVisa not required[40]90 daysNo
 BrazilVisa not required / eVisa[41][42]90 days
  • Brazilian authorities have announced that Canadian citizens will require a visa beginning April 10, 2025.[43]
No
 BruneiVisa not required[44]14 daysYes
 BulgariaVisa not required[45]90 daysYes
 Burkina FasoeVisa / Visa on arrival[46][47]
  • The Canadian government advises its citizens not to visit Burkina Faso due to the threat posed by terrorism, kidnapping and the instability of the political situation.[48]
No
 BurundiVisa on arrival[49]1 monthYes
 CambodiaeVisa / Visa on arrival[51][52]30 days
  • Visa is also obtainable online.
No
 CamerooneVisa[53][54][55]Yes
 Cape VerdeVisa not required[56][57]30 days
  • Must register online at least five days prior to arrival.[58]
No
 Central African RepublicVisa required[59]
  • The Canadian government advises its citizens not to visit the Central African Republic due to unstable security conditions and violent crime.[60]
Yes
 ChadVisa required[61][62]Yes
 ChileVisa not required[63]90 daysYes
 ChinaVisa required[64]
  • 72-hour visit without a visa when in transit at Changsha, Chengdu, Chongqing, Guangzhou, Guilin, Harbin, Kunming, Qingdao, Wuhan, Xi'an and Xiamen.
  • 144-hour visit without a visa when in transit through Beijing Capital International Airport, Dalian, Hangzhou, Shijiazhuang Zhengding International Airport in Hebei, Nanjing, Shanghai Hongqiao International Airport and Shanghai Pudong International Airport, Shanghai Railway Station and the Port of Shanghai; Shenyang and Tianjin Binhai International Airport
  • Visas for Canadian citizens are valid for up to 9 years and 11 months.
Yes
 ColombiaVisa not required[65]90 days
  • Extendable up to 180-days stay within a one-year period.
  • 256,000 Colombian Pesos (equivalent to CAD$85) must be paid upon arrival. Passengers older than 79 years or younger than 14 years are exempt.[66]
No
 ComorosVisa on arrival[67]45 daysNo
 Republic of the CongoVisa required[68][69]Yes
 Democratic Republic of the CongoeVisa[70][71]7 days[72]Yes
 Costa RicaVisa not required[73]90 daysNo
 Côte d'IvoireeVisa[74][75]3 monthsNo
 CroatiaVisa not required[76]90 daysYes
 CubaTourist card required[77]90 days
  • Tourist card is generally included in airfare, with most Canadians unaware that they need a tourist visa for Cuba due to the tourist card being handed out on flights, but it can also be purchased from the airline transporting the passenger into Cuba and must be obtained before taking a flight that will land in Cuba.
  • Tourist card is valid up to 90 days stay for Canadian citizens.
Yes
 CyprusVisa not required[78]90 daysYes
 Czech RepublicVisa not required[79]90 daysYes
 Denmark and territoriesVisa not required[80]90 daysYes
 DjiboutieVisa[82][83]90 daysNo
 DominicaVisa not required[84]6 monthsNo
 Dominican RepublicVisa not required[85]30 daysNo
 EcuadorVisa not required[86]90 daysNo
 EgyptVisa required[87][88]
  • Visa on arrival if holding proof of valid or expired Egyptian nationality.
Yes
 El SalvadorVisa not required[89]3 monthsNo
 Equatorial GuineaeVisa[90][91][92]Yes
 EritreaVisa required[93]Yes
 EstoniaVisa not required[94]90 daysYes
 EswatiniVisa not required[95]30 daysNo
 EthiopiaeVisa / Visa on arrival[96]up to 90 daysNo
 FijiVisa not required[99]4 monthsNo
 FinlandVisa not required[100]90 daysYes
 France and territoriesVisa not required[101]90 daysYes
 GaboneVisa[104][105]90 daysNo
 GambiaVisa not required[106]90 daysYes
 GeorgiaVisa not required[107]1 yearNo
 GermanyVisa not required[108]90 daysYes
 GhanaVisa required[109][110][111]Yes
 GreeceVisa not required[112]90 daysYes
 GrenadaVisa not required[113]3 months
  • May enter on an ID card if not departing from the United States.
  • Beginning on 1 December 2020, all travellers to Grenada will be required to complete an online application in order to receive a Pure Safe Travel Authorization Certificate to enter Grenada.[114]
No
 GuatemalaVisa not required[115]90 daysNo
 GuineaeVisa[116][117]90 daysNo
 Guinea-BissauVisa on arrival[118]90 daysNo
 GuyanaVisa not required[119]3 monthsNo
 HaitiVisa not required[120]3 months
  • The Canadian government advises its citizens not to visit Haiti due to the threat posed by kidnappings, gang violence and the potential for civil unrest.[121]
No
 HondurasVisa not required[122]3 monthsNo
 HungaryVisa not required[123]90 daysYes
 IcelandVisa not required[125]90 daysYes
 IndiaeVisa[126][127]30 days
  • Canadians who are or have been Pakistani nationals or have had ancestors who are or have been Pakistani nationals are required to follow a stringent and longer procedure.[128]
No
 Indonesiae-VOA / Visa on arrival[129]30 days[130]
  • 30 day VOA (IDR 500,000) renewable a maximum of once for 30 days.
No
 IranVisa required[131]
  • Canadian citizens who want to travel to Iran, need to do so with a fully organized tour. Applying for an Iranian visa without booking a complete tour from a local travel agency will result in getting rejected by the Iranian Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MFA). Tourists for Kish Island do not require a visa for a total of 14 days.[132][circular reference]
  • The Canadian government advises its citizens not to visit Iran due to the volatile security situation, the regional threat of terrorism and the possibility of arbitrary detention[133]
Yes
 IraqVisa on arrival[134]60 days
  • Canadian citizens can now obtain a visa on arrival at Iraq’s airports, land and sea crossings for 60 days, for a fee of USD 75.
  • The Canadian government advises its citizens not to visit Iraq due to the volatile security situation.[135]
No
 IrelandVisa not required[136]90 daysYes
 IsraelVisa not required[137]3 months
  • Entry refused to anyone who "knowingly issues a public call for boycotting Israel."[138]
  • Starting August 1st 2024, a ETA just like a US ESTA or a Canada ETA will be required for travel to Israel. Applications open on June 1st as a trial but will not be required for US and German passport holders. On July 1st 2024, the application will be opened to all visa exempt country passport holders.
Yes
 ItalyVisa not required[139]90 daysYes
 JamaicaVisa not required[140]90 days
  • 90 days (business), 6 months (tourist)
No
 JapanVisa not required[141]90 daysYes
 JordaneVisa / Visa on arrival[142][143]
  • Visa can be obtained upon arrival, it will cost a total of 40 JOD, obtainable at most international ports of entry and land border crossings. (except King Hussein/Allenby Bridge)
No
 KazakhstanVisa not required[144][145]30 daysNo
 KenyaElectronic Travel Authorisation[146][147]3 months
  • Applications can be submitted up to 90 days prior to travel and must be submitted at least 3 days in advance.
  • eTA fee is USD 32.50.
  • Proof of reservation at the hotel where visitors plan to stay is required (if staying with friends, an invitation letter is also acceptable).
  • Yellow fever vaccination certificate is required if coming from endemic countries.
  • Can also be entered on an East Africa tourist visa issued by Rwanda or Uganda.[148]
No
 KiribatiVisa not required[149]90 days
  • May not exceed 90 days within any given 12 months period.
No
 North KoreaVisa required[150][151]Yes
 South KoreaElectronical Travel Authorization[153][154]6 months
  • The validity period of a K-ETA is 3 years from the date of approval.[155]
Yes
 KuwaiteVisa / Visa on arrival[156][157]3 monthsNo
 KyrgyzstanVisa not required[158]60 daysNo
 LaoseVisa / Visa on arrival[159]30 daysNo
 LatviaVisa not required[163]90 daysYes
 LebanonFree visa on arrival[164]1 month
  • Extendable for 2 additional months; granted free of charge at Beirut International Airport or any other port of entry if there is no Israeli visa or seal, holding a telephone number, an address in Lebanon, and a non-refundable return or circle trip ticket.
No
 LesothoVisa not required[165]No
 LiberiaVisa required[166][167]Yes
 LibyaeVisa[168][169][170]
  • The Canadian government advises its citizens not to visit Libya due to persistent insecurity, including sustained armed conflict, a high risk of terrorist attacks, an unpredictable political situation and a high crime rate.[171]
Yes
 LiechtensteinVisa not required[172]90 daysYes
 LithuaniaVisa not required[173]90 daysYes
 LuxembourgVisa not required[174]90 daysYes
 MadagascarVisa on arrival[175]60 daysNo
 MalawiVisa not required[176]30 daysNo
 MalaysiaVisa not required[177]3 monthsNo
 MaldivesFree visa on arrival[178]30 days
  • Extendable stay.
No
 MaliVisa required[179][180]
  • The Canadian government advises its citizens not to visit Mali due to the threat of terrorism, kidnapping and banditry.[181]
Yes
 MaltaVisa not required[182]90 daysYes
 Marshall IslandsVisa on arrival[183]90 daysNo
 MauritaniaVisa on arrival[184]No
 MauritiusVisa not required[185]90 daysNo
 MexicoVisa not required[186]180 days
  • Actual permitted duration of stay is decided on arrival by border agents, and is often shorter than 180 days
No
 MicronesiaVisa not required[187]30 daysNo
 MoldovaVisa not required[188]90 days
  • 90 days within any 180-day period.
No
 MonacoVisa not required[189]90 days
  • 90 days within any 180-day period.
  • Monaco does not have a visa policy of its own and the Schengen visa policy applies.
Yes
 MongoliaVisa not required[190]30 daysNo
 MontenegroVisa not required[191]90 daysNo
 MoroccoVisa not required[192]3 monthsNo
 MozambiqueVisa not required[193][194]30 days
  • Travelers must register on the e-Visa platform at least 48 hours prior to travel and pay a processing fee of 650 MT.
No
 MyanmareVisa[195][196]28 days
  • e-Visa holders must arrive via Yangon, Nay Pyi Taw or Mandalay airports or via land border crossings with Thailand — Tachileik, Myawaddy and Kawthaung or India — Rih Khaw Dar and Tamu.
  • e-Visa available for both tourism (allowed stay is 28 days) or business (allowed stay is 70 days) purposes.
  • The Canadian government advises its citizens not to visit Myanmar due to the risk of politically motivated violence and civil unrest.[197]
No
 NamibiaVisa not required[198]3 monthsNo
 NauruVisa required[199]
  • Criminal record and medical fitness certificates are not required for Canadian citizens.[200]
Yes
   NepalOnline Visa / Visa on arrival[201]90 days[202]No
 Netherlands and territoriesVisa not required[203]90 daysYes
 New ZealandElectronic Travel Authority[204]3 months
  • May enter using eGate.[205]
  • International Visitor Conservation and Tourism Levy must be paid upon requesting an Electronic Travel Authority.[206]
  • Holders of an Australian Permanent Resident Visa or Resident Return Visa may be granted a New Zealand Resident Visa on arrival permitting indefinite stay (pursuant to the Trans-Tasman Travel Arrangement), subject to meeting character requirements and obtaining an Electronic Travel Authority prior to departure.[207] Such travelers are not required to pay the International Visitor Conservation and Tourism Levy.[206]
Yes
 NicaraguaVisa not required[208]90 daysNo
 NigerVisa required[209]
  • The Canadian government advises its citizens not to visit Niger due to political instability and the risk of terrorism and kidnapping.[210]
Yes
 NigeriaeVisa[211][212]90 days[213]Yes
 North MacedoniaVisa not required[214]90 daysNo
 NorwayVisa not required[215]3 months
  • 3 months within any 6-month period, regardless of previous time spent in other Schengen countries, but including time spent in other Nordic countries.[216][217]
Yes
 OmanVisa not required / eVisa[218][219]14 days / 30 daysNo
 PakistanETA / Online Visa[220][221]30 days / 3 months
  • Electronic Travel Authorization to obtain a visa on arrival for tourism purposes.[222]
  • Electronic Travel Authorization to obtain a visa on arrival for business purposes.[223]
  • Online Visa eligible.[224]
No
 PalauFree visa on arrival[225]30 days
  • Extendable stay by twice only with a fee.
No
 PanamaVisa not required[226]180 daysNo
 Papua New GuineaeVisa[227][228]60 daysYes
 ParaguayVisa not required[229]90 daysNo
 PeruVisa not required[230]90 daysNo
 PhilippinesVisa not required[231]30 daysNo
 PolandVisa not required[232]90 daysYes
 PortugalVisa not required[233]90 daysYes
 QatarVisa not required[234]30 daysNo
 RomaniaVisa not required[235]90 daysYes
 RussiaVisa required[236][237]
  • Cruise ship passengers cruising in and out of a Russian port within 72 hours, who spend each night on board, and who only leave the ship on tours organized by the cruise company, do not require a tourist visa.[238]
  • The Canadian government advises its citizens not to visit Russia due to the Russo-Ukrainian War.[239]
Yes
 RwandaVisa not required[240]30 days
  • Can also be entered on an East Africa tourist visa issued by Kenya or Uganda.[148]
No
 Saint Kitts and NevisVisa not required[241]6 monthsNo
 Saint LuciaVisa not required[242]6 weeksNo
 Saint Vincent and the GrenadinesVisa not required[243]3 monthsNo
 SamoaVisa not required[244]60 daysYes
 San MarinoVisa not required[245]Yes
 São Tomé and PríncipeVisa not required[246]15 daysNo
 Saudi ArabiaeVisa / Visa on arrival[247][248]90 daysNo
 SenegalVisa not required[249]90 daysNo
 SerbiaVisa not required[250]90 daysNo
 SeychellesElectronic Border System[251][252]3 months
  • Application can be submitted up to 30 days before travel.
  • Visitors must upload a reservation confirmation(s) for each visitor's location of stay in Seychelles.
  • Yellow fever vaccination certificate is required if coming from endemic countries.
  • Payment of the fee (EUR 10) by credit or debit card.
  • Valid for one journey only and it expires once exit the country.
No
 Sierra LeoneeVisa / Visa on arrival[253][254]30 daysNo
 SingaporeVisa not required[255]30 daysYes
 SlovakiaVisa not required[256]90 daysYes
 SloveniaVisa not required[257]90 daysYes
 Solomon IslandsFree Visitor's permit on arrival[258]3 months
  • 3 months with any year period.
Yes
 SomaliaVisa on arrival[259]
  • The Canadian government advises its citizens not to visit Somalia due to the extremely volatile security situation and high threat of domestic terrorism.[260]
No
 South AfricaVisa not required[261]90 daysNo
 South SudaneVisa[262][263]
  • Obtainable online.
  • Printed visa authorization must be presented at the time of travel.
  • The Canadian government advises its citizens not to visit South Sudan due to armed conflicts, inter-ethnic violence and high levels of violent crime.[264]
No
 SpainVisa not required[265]90 daysYes
 Sri LankaeVisa / Visa on arrival[266][267]60 days / 30 days[268]
  • The standard visitor visa allows a stay of 60 days within any 6 month period.[269]
  • Visa fees (for Standard visitor visa):
  • e-Visa categories will be charged an additional USD 18.50 service fee.
  • If transiting from any of the Sri Lankan airports, An e-Visa is exempted (2 day transit period).
No
 SudanVisa required[270][271]
  • The Canadian government advises its citizens not to visit Sudan due to the armed conflict, civil unrest and the volatile security situation.[272]
Yes
 SurinameVisa not required[273][274]90 days
  • An entrance fee of USD 25 or EUR 25 must be paid online prior to arrival.[275]
  • Multiple entry e-Visa is also available.[276]
No
 SwedenVisa not required[277]90 daysYes
  SwitzerlandVisa not required[278]90 daysYes
 SyriaeVisa[279][280][281]
  • The Canadian government advises its citizens not to visit Syria due to the ongoing armed conflict, terrorism, criminality, arbitrary detention, torture and forced disappearance.[282]
Yes
 TaiwanVisa not required[283]90 daysYes
 TajikistanVisa not required[284]30 days
  • e-Visa also available.[285]
  • e-Visa holders can enter through all border points.
No
 TanzaniaeVisa / Visa on arrival[286][287]90 daysNo
 ThailandVisa not required[288]30 days
  • Maximum two visits annually if not arriving by air.
No
 Timor-LesteVisa on arrival[289]30 daysNo
 TogoeVisa[290][291]15 daysNo
 TongaFree visa on arrival[292]31 daysNo
 Trinidad and TobagoVisa not required[293]No
 TunisiaVisa not required[294]4 monthsNo
 TurkeyVisa not required[295][296]90 days[297]
  • 90 days within any 180-day period.
No
 TurkmenistanVisa required[298]Yes
 TuvaluVisa on arrival[299]1 monthNo
 UgandaeVisa[300][301]3 months
  • Can also be entered on an East Africa Tourist Visa issued by Kenya or Rwanda.[148]
No
 UkraineVisa not required[302]90 daysNo
 United Arab EmiratesVisa not required[304][305][306][307]30 days
  • Visa is obtained free of charge for stays longer than 30 days.[308]
Yes
 United KingdomVisa not required[309]6 months
  • Can use ePassport gates starting 1 June 2019 [310]
Yes
 United StatesVisa not required[311]6 months
  • ESTA exempt. Canada passport holders do not have to get a ESTA.[312]
  • 6 month stay rather than typical 90 day VWP stay.
  • Most non immigrant statuses can be applied for on arrival at a port of entry.
  • Canada is not a Visa Waiver Program country, the permission to travel is from US immigration law.[313][314]
  • Canadian Passport required and must be valid for the period of intended stay.[311]
  • Canadian Passport exemptions only for nationals of Canada with a NEXUS card embarking in Canada or USA.[311]
    For frequent travellers there is NEXUS card program designed to let pre-approved, low-risk travellers cross the Canada–United States border quickly.[315]
Yes
 UruguayVisa not required[316]3 monthsNo
 UzbekistanVisa not required[317]30 daysNo
 VanuatuVisa not required[318]30 daysNo
 Vatican CityVisa not required[319]Yes
 VenezuelaVisa required[320][321]
  • The Canadian government advises its citizens not to visit Venezuela due to the significant level of violent crime, the unstable political and economic situations and the decline in basic living conditions.[322]
Yes
 VietnameVisa[323][324]
  • e-Visa is valid for 90 days and multiple entry.
No
 YemenVisa required[325][326]
  • The Canadian government advises its citizens not to visit Yemen due to the ongoing armed conflict, terrorist attacks and kidnapping.[327]
Yes
 ZambiaVisa not required[328]30 days
  • Also eligible for a universal visa allowing access to Zimbabwe.
No
 ZimbabweVisa on arrival[329]30 days
  • Also eligible for a universal visa allowing access to Zambia.
No

Dependent, disputed, or restricted territories

Visa requirements for Canadian citizens for visits to various territories, disputed areas, partially recognized countries, and restricted zones:

Africa
Asia
Caribbean and North Atlantic
Europe
Oceania
South America
  • Galápagos — Online pre-registration is required. Transit Control Card must also be obtained at the airport prior to departure.[393]
South Atlantic and Antarctica

Consular protection of Canadian citizens abroad

Countries that have a Canadian Embassy or High Commission are shown in blue. Canada is shown in green.

Canada has diplomatic and consular offices (including honorary consuls) in over 270 locations in approximately 180 foreign countries. In some countries Canadians may receive consular assistance from Australian missions under the Canada–Australia Consular Services Sharing Agreement. On the last page of a standard Canadian passport, under "Reach Us", it states "In case of an emergency you can reach us by: contacting the nearest Canadian government office (in countries where there is no Canadian office, you should contact the nearest British or Australian office...)".

Non-visa restrictions

Blank passport pages

Many countries require a minimum number of blank pages to be available in the passport being presented, typically one or two pages.[409] Endorsement pages, which often appear after the visa pages, are not counted as being valid or available.

Vaccination

Cover of the new International Certificate of Vaccination issued by the Bureau of Quarantine in the Philippines since 2021

Many African countries, including Angola, Benin, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Côte d'Ivoire, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Liberia, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Rwanda, Senegal, Sierra Leone and Togo, South Sudan, Uganda, and Zambia, require all incoming passengers older than nine months to one year[410] to have a current International Certificate of Vaccination or Prophylaxis, as does the South American territory of French Guiana.[411]

Some other countries require vaccination only if the passenger is coming from an infected area or has visited one recently or has transited for 12 hours in those countries: Algeria, Botswana, Cabo Verde, Chad, Djibouti, Egypt, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Lesotho, Libya, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Madagascar, Malawi, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, Nigeria, Papua New Guinea, Seychelles, Somalia, South Africa, Sudan, Tunisia, Uganda, United Republic of Tanzania, Zambia and Zimbabwe.[412][413]

Passport validity length

Very few countries, such as Paraguay, just require a valid passport on arrival.

However many countries and groupings now require only an identity card – especially from their neighbours. Other countries may have special bilateral arrangements that depart from the generality of their passport validity length policies to shorten the period of passport validity required for each other's citizens[414][415] or even accept passports that have already expired (but not been cancelled).[416]

Some countries, such as Japan,[417] Ireland and the United Kingdom,[418] require a passport valid throughout the period of the intended stay.

In the absence of specific bilateral agreements, countries requiring passports to be valid for at least 6 more months on arrival include Afghanistan, Algeria, Anguilla, Bahrain,[419] Bhutan, Botswana, British Virgin Islands, Brunei, Cambodia, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Cayman Islands, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Costa Rica, Côte d'Ivoire, Curaçao, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Fiji, Gabon, Guinea Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Israel,[420] Jordan, Kenya, Kiribati, Kuwait, Laos, Madagascar, Malaysia, Marshall Islands, Mongolia, Myanmar, Namibia, Nepal, Nicaragua, Nigeria, Oman, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Peru,[421] Philippines,[422] Qatar, Rwanda, Samoa, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Somalia, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Tanzania, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Tokelau, Tonga, Turkey, Tuvalu, Uganda, United Arab Emirates, Vanuatu, Venezuela, and Vietnam.[423]

Countries requiring passports valid for at least 4 months on arrival include Micronesia and Zambia.

Countries requiring passports with a validity of at least 3 months beyond the date of intended departure include Azerbaijan, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Honduras, Montenegro, Nauru, Moldova and New Zealand.Similarly, the EEA countries of Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway, all European Union countries (except Ireland) together with Switzerland also require 3 months validity beyond the date of the bearer's intended departure unless the bearer is an EEA or Swiss national.

Countries requiring passports valid for at least 3 months on arrival include Albania, North Macedonia, Panama, and Senegal.

Bermuda requires passports to be valid for at least 45 days upon entry.

Countries that require a passport validity of at least one month beyond the date of intended departure include Eritrea, Hong Kong, Lebanon, Macau, the Maldives[424] and South Africa.

Criminal record

Some countries, including Australia, Canada, Fiji, New Zealand and the United States,[425] routinely deny entry to non-citizens who have a criminal record while others impose restrictions depending on the type of conviction and the length of the sentence.

Persona non grata

The government of a country can declare a diplomat persona non grata, banning entry into that country. In non-diplomatic use, the authorities of a country may also declare a foreigner persona non grata permanently or temporarily, usually because of unlawful activity.[426]

Israeli stamps

Israeli border control Entry Permit (issued as a stand-alone document rather than a stamp affixed in a passport)

Kuwait,[427] Lebanon,[428] Libya,[429] Syria,[430] and Yemen[431] do not allow entry to people with passport stamps from Israel or whose passports have either a used or an unused Israeli visa, or where there is evidence of previous travel to Israel such as entry or exit stamps from neighbouring border posts in transit countries such as Jordan and Egypt.

To circumvent this Arab League boycott of Israel, the Israeli immigration services have now mostly ceased to stamp foreign nationals' passports on either entry to or exit from Israel (unless the entry is for some work-related purposes). Since 15 January 2013, Israel no longer stamps foreign passports at Ben Gurion Airport. Passports are still (as of 22 June 2017) stamped at Erez when passing into and out of Gaza.[citation needed]

Iran refuses admission to holders of passports containing an Israeli visa or stamp that is less than 12 months old.

Biometrics

Several countries mandate that all travellers, or all foreign travellers, be fingerprinted on arrival and will refuse admission to or even arrest travellers who refuse to comply. In some countries, such as the United States, this may apply even to transit passengers who merely wish to change planes rather than go landside.[432]

Fingerprinting countries/regions include Afghanistan,[433][434] Argentina,[435] Brunei, Cambodia,[436] China,[437] Ethiopia,[438] Ghana, Guinea,[439] India, Japan,[440][441] Kenya (both fingerprints and a photo are taken),[442] Malaysia upon entry and departure,[443] Mongolia, Saudi Arabia,[444] Singapore, South Korea,[445] Taiwan, Thailand,[446] Uganda,[447] the United Arab Emirates and the United States.

Many countries also require a photo be taken of people entering the country. The United States, which does not fully implement exit control formalities at its land frontiers (although long mandated by domestic legislation),[448][449][450] intends to implement facial recognition for passengers departing from international airports to identify people who overstay their visa.[451]

Together with fingerprint and face recognition, iris scanning is one of three biometric identification technologies internationally standardised since 2006 by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) for use in e-passports[452] and the United Arab Emirates conducts iris scanning on visitors who need to apply for a visa.[453][454] The United States Department of Homeland Security has announced plans to greatly increase the biometric data it collects at US borders.[455] In 2018, Singapore began trials of iris scanning at three land and maritime immigration checkpoints.[456][457]

Visa requirements amendment log

Visa requirements for Canadian citizens were lifted by Austria in 1956,[458] Finland in 1958,[458] Japan (20 September 1964),[459] Micronesia (18 December 1980),[460] Taiwan (1 January 1994),[461] Ukraine (1 August 2005),[462] Kyrgyzstan (27 July 2012),[463] Mongolia (1 January 2014), Kazakhstan (1 January 2017), Argentina (1 January 2018),[464] Armenia (10 July 2018),[465][466][467][468] and Brazil (17 June 2019).[469]

Canadian citizens were made eligible for eVisas by India (1 May 2015),[470] Brazil (25 January 2018, visa free since 17 June 2019)[471] and Angola (30 March 2018).[472]

Foreign travel statistics

According to the statistics these are the numbers of Canadian visitors to various countries per annum in 2015 (unless otherwise noted):

See also

Notes

  • ^
    • Vientiane
    • Savannakhet
    • Khammouane
    • Bokeo
  • ^
    • Samliemkham (Thailand and Myanmar)
    • Tanalaeng - Nongkai (Thailand)
    • Daensavan - Lao bao (Vietnam)
    • Veunkham - Nong nok khian (Cambodia)
    • Vang tao - Chongmek (Thailand)
    • Boten - Bo han (China)

    • References

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