Three Eukaryotic RNA polymerases are multi-protein complexes that share many common subunits
Promoter
TATA box
Initiator sequences (INR)
CpG island promoter
General transcription factors
Transcription initiation
Regulation of transcription elongation
Trujillo
Part 1
Part 2
Part 3
Part 4
Bakhat
Misc. intro stuff
Central problem is to figure out how genes are selected for expression during growth, differentiation, or in response to the environment
Need to determine how a gene is specified by cis-DNA
cis-elements are promoters, enhancers, silencers and insulators
Gene regulation
First we are going to look at core promoter elements. The core promoter is a region that is upstream of the transcription start site (TSS +1), and it contains several elements that facilitate the binding of regulatory elements. These elements form the pre-initiation complex (PIC).
Core promoters are divided into two different classes: TSS is focused over a narrow region, or it is dispersed over a broad region (50-100bp). Some core promoter elements include BRE (GC rich region that is the TFIIB recognition site. CpG dinucleotide is very important here: [GC][GC][GA]CGCC, the TATA box (TATA[AT]A[AT][AG]), and the Inr. A promoter element downstream of the TSS is called a downstream core promoter element.