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Demographics of Ukraine
Ukraine population pyramid on 1 January 2021.
Population41,130,432 Decrease (1 February 2022: excluding Crimea and Sevastopol)[1]
Growth rate−6.6 Decrease people/1,000 population (2019)[2]
Birth rate8.1 Decrease births/1,000 population (2019)
Death rate14.7 Positive decrease deaths/1,000 population (2019)
Life expectancy71.76 years Increase (2018)[2]
 • male66,69 Decrease years
 • female76,72 Increase years
Fertility rate1.30 Decrease children born/woman (2018)[2]
Infant mortality rate7.0 deaths/1,000 Positive decrease infants (2019)[2]
Net migration rate−5.4 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2015)
Age structure
0–14 yearsIncrease 15.4%
15–64 yearsDecrease 68.4%
65 and overIncrease 16.2% (2017)
Sex ratio
At birth1.06 male(s)/female
Under 151.06 male(s)/female
15–64 years0.92 male(s)/female
65 and over0.51 male(s)/female
Nationality
Nationalitynoun: Ukrainian(s) adjective: Ukrainian
Major ethnicUkrainians (77.8%) 2001[3]
Minor ethnicRussians (17.3%) 2001[3]
Language
OfficialUkrainian
SpokenUkrainian, Russian, others
Animated population pyramid since 1989
Population density in Ukraine by raion.

The demographics of Ukraine include statistics on population growth, population density, ethnicity, education level, health, economic status, religious affiliations, and other aspects of the population of Ukraine.

The data in this article are based on the 2001 Ukrainian census which is the most recent,[4] the CIA World Factbook, and the State Statistics Committee of Ukraine. The next census was scheduled to take place in 2020 but was postponed to 2023.[5][6]

On 1 January 2022 the total population of Ukraine was estimated to be 41,167,336,[2] excluding the Autonomous Republic of Crimea and Sevastopol, which were annexed by Russia in 2014. (If these two territories are included in the demographics of Ukraine, the population rises by approximately 2.25 million, to 43.4 million).During the War in Donbas, the Ukrainian Government also lost control of portions of the Donbas region, including major cities such as Luhansk, Donetsk, and Horlivka. If the populations of these cities are subtracted from Ukraine's current demographics, the total population of Ukraine falls below 40 million. Also, due to the Russian invasion, more than 6 million have left the country.[7] In January 2020, an electronic census estimated that the population of Ukraine (excluding occupied Crimea and parts of the Donbas), to be 37.3 million.[8]


Vital statistics

Current vital statistics

[9]

PeriodLive birthsDeathsNatural increase
January 202121,93157,721−35,790
January 202218,06257,248−39,186
DifferenceDecrease −3,869 (−17.64%)Positive decrease −473 (−0.82%)Decrease −3,396

Note: Starting 2014 territories of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea, the city of Sevastopol and part of the anti-terrorist operation zone are not included in Demographics of Ukraine. These territories are included to the Demographics of Russia.All data from State Statistics Service of Ukraine.

The natural population growth of Ukraine in 1950–2010.[10][11][12]
  Birth rate
  Death rate
  Natural growth rate

Life expectancy at birth

Life expectancy at birth in Ukraine by oblast in 2012
  • total population: 71.37 Increase years
  • male: 66.34 Increase years
  • female: 76.22 Increase years (2013 official)

Average life expectancy at age 0 of the total population.[13]

PeriodLife expectancy in
Years
1950–195561.83
1955–1960Increase 67.11
1960–1965Increase 69.69
1965–1970Increase 70.66
1970–1975Decrease 70.57
1975–1980Decrease 69.65
1980–1985Decrease 69.15
1985–1990Increase 70.55
1990–1995Decrease 68.72
1995–2000Decrease 67.36
2000–2005Increase 67.46
2005–2010Increase 67.89
2010–2015Increase 71.12

Total fertility rate

  • 6.00 Decrease children born/woman (1913 est.)
  • 5.39 Decrease children born/woman (1925 est.)
  • 1.08 Decrease children born/woman (2001)
  • 1.46 Increase children born/woman (2011)
  • 1.53 Increase children born/woman (2012)
  • 1.21 Decrease children born/woman (2018)

In 2001 Ukraine recorded the lowest fertility rate ever recorded in Europe for an independent country: 1.08 child/woman. During this year the number of children born was less than half of that born in 1987 and less than a quarter of that born in 1937. Lower rates were recorded only in former East Germany, which registered 0.77 child/woman in 1994, as well as Taiwan (from 2008 to 2010), South Korea in 2018 and both Hong Kong and Macau (from about 2000 to 2010). After neglect by the Kuchma administration, both the Yushchenko and the Yanukovych governments have made increasing the birth rate a priority.

Demographic statistics

Population by oblast

Population of Ukraine by Oblast as of December 2021


Name of OblastPopulation as of Dec 2021
 Donetsk Oblast4,062,839
 Dnipropetrovsk Oblast3,100,320
Kyiv Kyiv City2,952,577
 Kharkiv Oblast2,602,207
 Lviv Oblast2,480,137
 Odesa Oblast2,352,648
 Luhansk Oblast2,104,531
 Kyiv Oblast1,795,099
 Zaporizhzhia Oblast1,640,876
 Vinnytsia Oblast1,511,574
 Poltava Oblast1,354,444
 Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast1,352,973
 Zakarpattia Oblast1,245,491
 Khmelnytskyi Oblast1,230,507
 Zhytomyr Oblast1,180,638
 Cherkasy Oblast1,162,439
 Rivne Oblast1,142,599
 Mykolaiv Oblast1,093,492
 Sumy Oblast1,037,237
 Ternopil Oblast1,022,625
 Volyn Oblast1,022,107
 Kherson Oblast1,002,923
 Chernihiv Oblast961,054
 Kirovohrad Oblast905,715
 Chernivtsi Oblast891,054
 Ukraine41,208,106

Birth data by oblast

Note: Recent data for Donetsk and Luhansk Oblasts has been affected by the War in Donbass, and may only include births within the government-held parts of the oblasts.[14]

Number of births by oblast for January–NovemberBirth/2016Birth/2015Death/2016Death/2015
Kyiv Kyiv City33416 Increase32382 Increase27772 Negative increase27767 Negative increase
 Dnipropetrovsk Oblast28473 Decrease30620 Decrease47934 Positive decrease49258 Negative increase
 Lviv Oblast25708 Increase25007 Decrease29247 Positive decrease30010 Negative increase
 Odesa Oblast24246 Decrease25182 Decrease30479 Positive decrease31512 Negative increase
 Kharkiv Oblast21992 Decrease22864 Decrease38502 Positive decrease38965 Negative increase
 Donetsk Oblast17772 Increase15608 Decrease33464 Positive decrease36883 Positive decrease
 Kyiv Oblast17559 Decrease18485 Decrease25623 Positive decrease26046 Negative increase
 Zakarpattia Oblast14862 Decrease15525 Decrease13880 Positive decrease14164 Negative increase
 Rivne Oblast14454 Decrease14809 Decrease13261 Positive decrease13426 Negative increase
 Zaporizhzhia Oblast14430 Decrease15140 Decrease25533 Positive decrease25657 Negative increase
 Vinnytsia Oblast14153 Decrease15126 Decrease22521 Positive decrease23237 Positive decrease
 Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast13547 Decrease14412 Decrease15616 Positive decrease16144 Negative increase
 Volyn Oblast12047 Decrease12307 Decrease12311 Positive decrease12602 Negative increase
 Zhytomyr Oblast11958 Decrease12526 Decrease18301 Positive decrease19085 Positive decrease
 Khmelnytskyi Oblast11793 Decrease12768 Decrease18097 Positive decrease18702 Negative increase
 Poltava Oblast11503 Decrease12381 Decrease22084 Positive decrease22440 Positive decrease
 Mykolaiv Oblast9904 Decrease10626 Decrease15834 Positive decrease16316 Negative increase
 Kherson Oblast9877 Decrease10476 Decrease14891 Positive decrease15055 Negative increase
 Cherkasy Oblast9721 Decrease10560 Decrease18437 Negative increase18315 Positive decrease
 Chernivtsi Oblast9461 Decrease9851 Decrease10399 Positive decrease10738 Negative increase
 Ternopil Oblast9177 Decrease9912 Decrease13584 Positive decrease13962 Negative increase
 Kirovohrad Oblast8189 Decrease8662 Decrease14810 Negative increase14809 Positive decrease
 Sumy Oblast8169 Decrease8959 Decrease16982 Positive decrease17322 Positive decrease
 Chernihiv Oblast7816 Decrease8359 Decrease17515 Positive decrease18199 Positive decrease
 Luhansk Oblast5960 Increase4978 Decrease12689 Positive decrease13401 Positive decrease
Number of births by oblastBirth/2014Birth/2013Birth/2012Birth/2011Death/2014Death/2013Death/2012Death/2011
 Dnipropetrovsk Oblast36497 Increase36134 Decrease37087 Increase36116 Increase52722 Negative increase51134 Positive decrease51486 Positive decrease52106 Positive decrease
 Donetsk Oblast35595 Decrease41034 Decrease42839 Increase41720 Increase71799 Negative increase69345 Positive decrease70496 Positive decrease71042 Positive decrease
Kyiv Kyiv City34821 Increase33305 Decrease33887 Increase32068 Decrease29992 Negative increase28003 Negative increase27840 Negative increase27050 Positive decrease
 Lviv Oblast30270 Increase29542 Decrease30220 Increase28904 Increase32450 Negative increase31666 Positive decrease31667 Negative increase31162 Positive decrease
 Odesa Oblast29465 Increase29075 Decrease30384 Increase29225 Increase34155 Negative increase33523 Positive decrease33648 Positive decrease33688 Positive decrease
 Kharkiv Oblast27690 Increase26700 Decrease27244 Increase26317 Increase41891 Negative increase39465 Positive decrease40130 Negative increase40079 Positive decrease
 Kyiv Oblast20900 Increase20511 Decrease20966 Increase20083 Increase28264 Negative increase27198 Negative increase27161 Negative increase26847 Positive decrease
 Zaporizhzhia Oblast18713 Increase18134 Decrease18882 Increase18198 Increase27773 Negative increase26498 Negative increase26406 Positive decrease27033 Positive decrease
 Zakarpattia Oblast18377 Decrease18490 Decrease18968 Increase18460 Increase14808 Negative increase14801 Positive decrease14813 Negative increase14588 Positive decrease
 Vinnytsia Oblast17547 Increase17437 Decrease18339 Increase17894 Increase25567 Negative increase25453 Negative increase25158 Positive decrease25376 Positive decrease
 Rivne Oblast17169 Decrease17445 Decrease18316 Increase17697 Increase14714 Negative increase14556 Negative increase14302 Negative increase14168 Positive decrease
 Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast16886 Increase16716 Decrease17101 Increase16497 Increase17670 Negative increase17358 Negative increase16801 Negative increase16657 Positive decrease
 Zhytomyr Oblast15115 Increase15001 Decrease15486 Increase15154 Increase21185 Negative increase20859 Negative increase20685 Negative increase20417 Positive decrease
 Volyn Oblast14668 Decrease14700 Decrease15346 Increase14620 Decrease13748 Negative increase13666 Positive decrease13710 Positive decrease13842 Positive decrease
 Khmelnytskyi Oblast14631 Increase14548 Decrease14881 Increase14492 Increase20408 Positive decrease20581 Negative increase20362 Negative increase20116 Positive decrease
 Poltava Oblast14504 Increase14296 Decrease14635 Increase14167 Decrease24784 Negative increase24358 Negative increase24223 Positive decrease24384 Positive decrease
 Mykolaiv Oblast13076 Increase13043 Decrease13515 Increase13029 Increase17750 Negative increase17353 Negative increase17277 Positive decrease17441 Positive decrease
 Cherkasy Oblast12351 Increase12100 Decrease12798 Increase12473 Increase20800 Negative increase20477 Positive decrease20667 Positive decrease20848 Positive decrease
 Kherson Oblast12308 Increase12300 Decrease12643 Increase12085 Decrease16141 Negative increase16048 Negative increase15904 Negative increase15828 Positive decrease
 Ternopil Oblast11717 Decrease11807 Decrease12202 Increase11964 Increase15180 Negative increase14682 Positive decrease14838 Negative increase14829 Positive decrease
 Chernivtsi Oblast11679 Increase11465 Decrease11592 Increase11281 Increase11619 Negative increase11520 Negative increase11321 Positive decrease11192 Positive decrease
 Luhansk Oblast11442 Decrease20531 Decrease21743 Increase21320 Increase22755 Positive decrease35822 Positive decrease36316 Positive decrease37256 Positive decrease
 Kirovohrad Oblast10576 Increase10562 Decrease11029 Increase10578 Increase16716 Negative increase16513 Positive decrease16521 Positive decrease16697 Positive decrease
 Sumy Oblast10344 Decrease10411 Decrease11093 Increase10473 Increase19452 Negative increase19219 Negative increase19002 Negative increase18833 Positive decrease
 Chernihiv Oblast9552 Decrease9852 Decrease10222 Increase10134 Increase20324 Negative increase19909 Positive decrease20208 Negative increase20179 Positive decrease
Birth rate by oblastBirth/2014Birth/2013Birth/2012Birth/2011Death/2014Death/2013Death/2012Death/2011
 Rivne Oblast14.8 Decrease15.1 Decrease15.9 Increase15.3 Increase12.7 Negative increase12.6 Negative increase12.4 Negative increase12.3 Positive decrease
 Zakarpattia Oblast14.6 Decrease14.7 Decrease15.1 Increase14.8 Increase11.8 Steady11.8 Steady11.8 Negative increase11.7 Positive decrease
 Volyn Oblast14.1 Steady14.1 Decrease14.8 Increase14.1 Decrease13.2 Negative increase13.1 Positive decrease13.2 Positive decrease13.3 Positive decrease
 Chernivtsi Oblast12.9 Increase12.6 Decrease12.8 Increase12.5 Increase12.8 Negative increase12.7 Negative increase12.5 Negative increase12.4 Positive decrease
 Odesa Oblast12.3 Increase12.1 Decrease12.7 Increase12.2 Increase14.3 Negative increase14.0 Positive decrease14.1 Steady14.1 Positive decrease
 Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast12.2 Increase12.1 Decrease12.4 Increase12.0 Increase12.8 Negative increase12.6 Negative increase12.2 Negative increase12.1 Positive decrease
 Kyiv Oblast12.1 Increase11.9 Decrease12.2 Increase11.7 Increase16.4 Positive decrease15.8 Steady15.8 Negative increase15.6 Positive decrease
Kyiv Kyiv City12.1 Increase11.7 Decrease12.0 Increase11.4 Decrease10.4 Negative increase9.8 Steady9.8 Negative increase9.6 Positive decrease
 Zhytomyr Oblast12.0 Increase11.9 Decrease12.2 Increase11.9 Increase16.8 Negative increase16.5 Negative increase16.3 Negative increase16.0 Positive decrease
 Lviv Oblast11.9 Increase11.6 Decrease11.9 Increase11.4 Increase12.8 Negative increase12.4 Positive decrease12.5 Negative increase12.3 Positive decrease
 Kherson Oblast11.5 Increase11.4 Decrease11.7 Increase11.1 Decrease15.1 Negative increase14.9 Negative increase14.7 Negative increase14.6 Positive decrease
 Mykolaiv Oblast11.2 Increase11.1 Decrease11.5 Increase11.0 Increase15.2 Negative increase14.8 Negative increase14.7 Positive decrease14.8 Positive decrease
 Khmelnytskyi Oblast11.2 Increase11.1 Decrease11.3 Increase11.0 Increase15.6 Positive decrease15.7 Increase15.5 Negative increase15.2 Positive decrease
 Dnipropetrovsk Oblast11.1 Increase11.0 Decrease11.2 Increase10.9 Increase16.0 Negative increase15.5 Steady15.5 Positive decrease15.7 Positive decrease
 Vinnytsia Oblast10.9 Increase10.8 Decrease11.2 Increase10.9 Increase15.9 Negative increase15.7 Negative increase15.4 Positive decrease15.5 Positive decrease
 Ternopil Oblast10.9 Decrease11.0 Decrease11.3 Increase11.1 Increase14.2 Negative increase13.7 Positive decrease13.8 Negative increase13.7 Positive decrease
 Kirovohrad Oblast10.8 Increase10.7 Decrease11.0 Increase10.5 Increase17.0 Negative increase16.7 Negative increase16.5 Positive decrease16.6 Positive decrease
 Zaporizhzhia Oblast10.6 Increase10.2 Decrease10.6 Increase10.1 Increase15.7 Negative increase14.9 Negative increase14.8 Positive decrease15.0 Positive decrease
 Kharkiv Oblast10.1 Increase9.8 Decrease9.9 Increase9.6 Increase15.3 Negative increase14.4 Positive decrease14.6 Steady14.6 Positive decrease
 Poltava Oblast10.0 Increase9.8 Decrease9.9 Increase9.5 Steady17.1 Negative increase16.7 Negative increase16.5 Negative increase16.4 Positive decrease
 Cherkasy Oblast9.8 Increase9.6 Decrease10.1 Increase9.8 Increase16.5 Negative increase16.2 Steady16.2 Positive decrease16.3 Positive decrease
 Sumy Oblast9.2 Steady9.2 Decrease9.7 Increase9.1 Increase17.2 Negative increase16.9 Negative increase16.6 Negative increase16.3 Positive decrease
 Chernihiv Oblast9.0 Decrease9.2 Decrease9.4 Increase9.3 Increase19.2 Negative increase18.6 Positive decrease18.7 Negative increase18.5 Positive decrease
 Donetsk Oblast8.2 Decrease9.4 Decrease9.8 Increase9.5 Increase16.6 Negative increase15.9 Positive decrease16.1 Steady16.1 Positive decrease
 Luhansk Oblast5.1 Decrease9.1 Decrease9.6 Increase9.3 Increase10.2 Positive decrease15.9 Positive decrease16.0 Positive decrease16.3 Positive decrease

Year in review 2013

Compared to 2012, amount of attrition increased by 16,278 persons, or 3.1 to 3.5 persons per 1,000 inhabitants real. Natural decrease was observed in 23 oblasts of the country, while natural increases were recorded only in the capital Kyiv, Zakarpattia, Rivne and Volyn oblast (respectively 5,302, 3,689, 2,889 and 1,034 people).

Some regions registered a low natural decline, such as Chernivtsi, Ivano-Frankivsk, Sevastopol, Lviv, Ternopil, Crimea, Kherson and Odesa (respectively, −55, −642, −863, −2,124, −2,875, −2,974, −3,748 and −4,448 people). The largest declines were recorded in Donetsk, Luhansk, Dnipro, Kharkiv, Poltava and Chernihiv (respectively −28,311, −15,291, −15,007, −12,765, −10,062 and −10,057), regions which have in common a low birth rate and high mortality of a large urban population and a strong rural population aging.

Net migration rate

-5.4 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2015).

Infant mortality rate

  • 9.1 Positive decrease deaths/1,000 infants live births for 4,564 deaths. (2010)
  • 9.0 Positive decrease deaths/1,000 infants live births for 4,511 deaths. (2011)
  • 8.4 Positive decrease deaths/1,000 infants live births for 4,371 deaths. (2012)
  • 8.0 Positive decrease deaths/1,000 infants live births for 4,030 deaths. (2013)
  • 8.9 Negative increase deaths/1,000 infants live births for 2,193 death for January–June 2011
  • 8.6 Positive decrease deaths/1,000 infants live births for 2,190 death for January–June 2012
  • 7.8 Positive decrease deaths/1,000 infants live births for 1,993 deaths for January–June 2013[15]
Infant mortality by oblastDeath/2012Death/2011Death/2010Death/2009
 Donetsk Oblast540 Negative increase473 Positive decrease497 Positive decrease533 Steady
 Dnipropetrovsk Oblast370 Negative increase343 Positive decrease347 Negative increase329 Positive decrease
 Odesa Oblast267 Positive decrease268 Negative increase263 Positive decrease280 Positive decrease
Kyiv Kyiv City262 Negative increase255 Negative increase233 Positive decrease244 Positive decrease
 Lviv Oblast233 Positive decrease272 Negative increase266 Negative increase238 Positive decrease
 Kharkiv Oblast203 Positive decrease234 Positive decrease243 Positive decrease252 Positive decrease
 Zakarpattia Oblast168 Positive decrease195 Positive decrease199 Positive decrease238 Negative increase
 Vinnytsia Oblast166 Positive decrease186 Negative increase148 Positive decrease149 Positive decrease
 Luhansk Oblast165 Positive decrease188 Positive decrease199 Positive decrease252 Positive decrease
 Zaporizhzhia Oblast154 Positive decrease169 Positive decrease182 Negative increase174 Positive decrease
 Rivne Oblast147 Positive decrease156 Positive decrease158 Positive decrease164 Negative increase
 Khmelnytskyi Oblast134 Negative increase89 Positive decrease109 Positive decrease174 Negative increase
 Zhytomyr Oblast124 Positive decrease134 Positive decrease135 Negative increase127 Negative increase
 Cherkasy Oblast122 Negative increase101 Positive decrease125 Positive decrease132 Positive decrease
 Kyiv Oblast119 Positive decrease143 Negative increase140 Positive decrease146 Negative increase
 Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast109 Positive decrease145 Positive decrease170 Negative increase157 Positive decrease
 Volyn Oblast106 Positive decrease116 Positive decrease123 Negative increase118 Negative increase
 Kirovohrad Oblast103 Positive decrease139 Negative increase112 Positive decrease119 Positive decrease
 Kherson Oblast100 Positive decrease120 Negative increase116 Positive decrease136 Positive decrease
 Mykolaiv Oblast97 Steady97 Positive decrease104 Positive decrease112 Negative increase
 Ternopil Oblast97 Negative increase96 Positive decrease98 Negative increase93 Positive decrease
 Chernihiv Oblast94 Negative increase80 Positive decrease82 Positive decrease103 Negative increase
 Chernivtsi Oblast92 Positive decrease96 Negative increase90 Positive decrease91 Positive decrease
 Poltava Oblast85 Positive decrease86 Positive decrease87 Positive decrease105 Positive decrease
 Sumy Oblast76 Positive decrease78 Positive decrease97 Negative increase91 Positive decrease
Infant mortality per 1,000 by OblastDeath/2012Death/2011Death/2010Death/2009
 Donetsk Oblast12.7 Negative increase11.4 Positive decrease12.0 Positive decrease12.3 Negative increase
 Dnipropetrovsk Oblast10.0 Negative increase9.5 Positive decrease9.7 Negative increase8.8 Positive decrease
 Cherkasy Oblast9.6 Negative increase8.1 Positive decrease10.0 Positive decrease10.5 Positive decrease
 Kirovohrad Oblast9.4 Positive decrease13.2 Negative increase10.6 Positive decrease10.9 Positive decrease
 Chernihiv Oblast9.2 Negative increase7.9 Positive decrease8.1 Positive decrease9.9 Negative increase
 Vinnytsia Oblast9.1 Positive decrease10.4 Negative increase8.4 Positive decrease8.3 Positive decrease
 Khmelnytskyi Oblast9.0 Negative increase6.2 Positive decrease7.5 Positive decrease11.8 Negative increase
 Zakarpattia Oblast8.9 Positive decrease10.6 Positive decrease10.9 Positive decrease13.1 Negative increase
 Odesa Oblast8.8 Positive decrease9.2 Steady9.2 Positive decrease9.7 Positive decrease
 Zaporizhzhia Oblast8.2 Positive decrease9.3 Positive decrease10.1 Negative increase9.4 Positive decrease
 Rivne Oblast8.1 Positive decrease8.9 Positive decrease9.2 Positive decrease9.4 Negative increase
 Kherson Oblast8.0 Positive decrease9.9 Negative increase9.4 Positive decrease11.0 Positive decrease
 Zhytomyr Oblast8.0 Positive decrease8.9 Positive decrease9.1 Negative increase8.5 Negative increase
 Chernivtsi Oblast8.0 Positive decrease8.5 Negative increase8.2 Steady8.2 Positive decrease
 Ternopil Oblast8.0 Steady8.0 Positive decrease8.2 Negative increase7.5 Positive decrease
 Lviv Oblast7.8 Positive decrease9.4 Negative increase9.2 Positive decrease8.0 Positive decrease
Kyiv Kyiv City7.8 Positive decrease8.0 Negative increase7.3 Positive decrease7.5 Positive decrease
 Luhansk Oblast7.6 Positive decrease8.8 Positive decrease9.4 Positive decrease11.6 Positive decrease
 Kharkiv Oblast7.5 Positive decrease8.9 Positive decrease9.2 Positive decrease9.3 Positive decrease
 Mykolaiv Oblast7.3 Positive decrease7.5 Positive decrease8.1 Positive decrease8.5 Negative increase
 Volyn Oblast7.0 Positive decrease7.9 Positive decrease8.2 Negative increase7.7 Negative increase
 Sumy Oblast6.9 Positive decrease7.5 Positive decrease9.3 Negative increase8.5 Positive decrease
 Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast6.4 Positive decrease8.8 Negative increase10.3 Negative increase9.1 Positive decrease
 Poltava Oblast5.8 Positive decrease6.1 Steady6.1 Positive decrease7.1 Positive decrease
 Kyiv Oblast5.7 Positive decrease7.2 Negative increase7.0 Positive decrease7.1 Positive decrease

Total fertility rate by oblast

Fertility rate in Ukraine by oblast in 2011

Although none of the oblasts in 2013 has recorded a higher fertility rate 2.10 children per woman. However, the rate has been in rural areas in the Rivne Oblast (2.50) and the Volyn Oblast (2.20). While a very close generational renewal rate was achieved in the Odesa Oblast (2.04), Zakarpattia Oblast (2.00), Mykolaiv Oblast (1.95), Chernivtsi Oblast (1.93) and Zhytomyr Oblast (1.91) weaker when they have been recorded in the Luhansk oblast (1.41), Sumy oblast (1.47) and Cherkasy Oblast (1.53).

The fertility rate of the highest urban areas were recorded in the Zakarpattia Oblast (1.80), the city of Sevastopol (1.57), Volyn Oblast (1.56), Kyiv Oblast (1.56) and the Rivne Oblast (1.54). The lowest rates were recorded in the Sumy Oblast (1.23), Kharkiv Oblast (1.26), Cherkasy Oblast (1.28), Chernihiv Oblast (1.28), Chernivtsi Oblast (1.28), Luhansk oblast (1.28), Poltava oblast (1.29), Donetsk oblast (1.29) and Zaporizhzhia Oblast (1.32).

Children born per woman by oblastTotal fertility rate/2020Total fertility rate/2012Total fertility rate/2011Total fertility rate/2010
 Rivne Oblast1.54 Decrease2.08 Increase1.99 Increase1.93 Increase
 Zakarpattia Oblast1.60 Decrease1.95 Increase1.90 Increase1.83 Steady
 Volyn Oblast1.51 Decrease1.92 Increase1.81 Decrease1.85 Decrease
 Zhytomyr Oblast1.20 Decrease1.71 Increase1.65 Increase1.61 Increase
 Odesa Oblast1.34 Decrease1.71 Increase1.62 Increase1.58 Steady
 Kyiv Oblast1.18 Decrease1.67 Increase1.58 Steady1.58 Decrease
 Chernivtsi Oblast1.30 Decrease1.64 Increase1.58 Increase1.53 Steady
 Khmelnytskyi Oblast1.26 Decrease1.62 Increase1.56 Increase1.55 Decrease
 Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast1.27 Decrease1.63 Increase1.55 Decrease1.58 Decrease
 Kherson Oblast1.20 Decrease1.61 Increase1.51 Steady1.51 Increase
 Kirovohrad Oblast1.10 Decrease1.61 Increase1.51 Increase1.50 Increase
 Lviv Oblast1.24 Decrease1.58 Increase1.49 Decrease1.50 Decrease
 Mykolaiv Oblast1.11 Decrease1.57 Increase1.47 Increase1.44 Decrease
 Vinnytsia Oblast1.20 Decrease1.59 Increase1.53 Increase1.50 Decrease
 Ukraine1.22 Decrease1.53 Increase1.46 Increase1.45 Decrease
 Dnipropetrovsk Oblast1.09 Decrease1.52 Increase1.44 Increase1.43 Decrease
 Ternopil Oblast1.13 Decrease1.50 Increase1.45 Decrease1.46 Decrease
 Zaporizhzhia Oblast1.03 Decrease1.46 Increase1.37 Increase1.34 Decrease
 Poltava Oblast1.04 Decrease1.41 Increase1.33 Decrease1.34 Increase
 Cherkasy Oblast1.01 Decrease1.43 Increase1.37 Increase1.36 Increase
 Chernihiv Oblast1.02 Decrease1.40 Increase1.36 Steady1.36 Increase
Kyiv Kyiv City1.44 Decrease1.38 Increase1.29 Decrease1.30 Steady
 Donetsk Oblast1.34 Increase1.27 Increase1.26 Decrease
 Kharkiv Oblast0.98 Steady1.32 Increase1.25 Increase1.24 Decrease
 Sumy Oblast0.93 Decrease1.36 Increase1.25 Increase1.23 Decrease
 Luhansk Oblast1.33 Increase1.27 Increase1.23 Decrease

Other demographics statistics

Population pyramid of Ukraine in 1897
Population pyramid of Ukraine in 1926
Population pyramid of Ukraine in 2017
Population change, 1970–2010
Population change, 1970–1979
Population change, 1989–2001
Population change, 1989–2012
Population change of urban settlements, 1970–1989
Population change of urban settlements, 1989–2010

Demographic statistics according to the World Population Review in 2019.[16]

  • One birth every 1 minutes
  • One death every 48 seconds
  • Net loss of one person every 2 minutes
  • One net migrant every 30 minutes

Demographic statistics according to the CIA World Factbook, unless otherwise indicated.[17]

Population
43,952,299 (July 2018 est.)
44,033,874 (July 2017 est.)
Decrease 45,426,249 (1 January 2013)[18]
Age structure
0-14 years: 15.95% (male 3,609,386 /female 3,400,349)
15-24 years: 9.57% (male 2,156,338 /female 2,047,821)
25-54 years: 44.03% (male 9,522,108 /female 9,831,924)
55-64 years: 13.96% (male 2,638,173 /female 3,499,718)
65 years and over: 16.49% (male 2,433,718 /female 4,812,764) (2018 est.)
0-14 years: 15.76% (male 3,571,358/female 3,366,380)
15-24 years: 9.86% (male 2,226,142/female 2,114,853)
25-54 years: 44.29% (male 9,579,149/female 9,921,387)
55-64 years: 13.8% (male 2,605,849/female 3,469,246)
65 years and over: 16.3% (male 2,409,049/female 4,770,461) (2017 est.)
0–14 years: 15.1% = 6,449,171 (2015 official.)
15–64 years: 69.3% = 29,634,710
65 years and over: 15.6% = 6,675,780
0–14 years: 14.8% = 6,989,802
15–64 years: 69.2% = 32,603,475
65 years and over: 16.0% = 7,507,185 (2005 official.)
0–14 years: 21.6% = 11,101,469
15–64 years: 66.7% = 34,320,742
65 years and over: 11.7% = 6,022,934 (1989 official.)
Median age
total: 40.8 years. Country comparison to the world: 47th
male: 37.7 years
female: 43.9 years (2018 est.)
total: 40.6 years
male: 37.4 years
female: 43.7 years (2017 est.)
total: 39.8 years
male: 39.7 years
female: 40.1 years (2014 official)
total: 39.7 years
male: 39.5 years
female: 40.1 years (2013 official)
total: 34.8 years
male: 31.9 years
female: 37.7 years (1989 official)
Birth rate
10.1 births/1,000 population (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 190th
10.3 births/1,000 population (2017 est.)
Death rate
14.3 deaths/1,000 population (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 6th
14.4 deaths/1,000 population (2017 est.)
Total fertility rate
1.55 children born/woman (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 190th
1.54 children born/woman (2017 est.)
Net migration rate
4.6 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 29th
0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2017 est.)
Mother's mean age at first birth
24.9 years (2014 est.)
Population growth rate
0.04% (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 187th
-0.41% (2017 est.)
Life expectancy at birth
total population: 72.4 years. Country comparison to the world: 148th
male: 67.7 years
female: 77.4 years (2018 est.)
Ethnic groups

Ukrainian 77.8%, Russian 17.3%, Belarusian 0.6%, Moldovan 0.5%, Crimean Tatar 0.5%, Bulgarian 0.4%, Hungarian 0.3%, Romanian 0.3%, Polish 0.3%, Jewish 0.2%, other 1.8% (2001 est.)

Languages

Ukrainian (official) 67.5%, Russian (regional language) 29.6%, other (includes small Crimean Tatar-, Moldovan/Romanian-, and Hungarian-speaking minorities) 2.9% (2001 est.)
Note: in February 2018, the Constitutional Court ruled that 2012 language legislation entitling a language spoken by at least 10% of an oblast's population to be given the status of "regional language" – allowing for its use in courts, schools, and other government institutions – was unconstitutional, thus making the law invalid; Ukrainian remains the country's only official nationwide

Religions

Orthodox (includes Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox (UAOC), Ukrainian Orthodox – Kyiv Patriarchate (UOC-KP), Ukrainian Orthodox – Moscow Patriarchate (UOC-MP)), Ukrainian Greek Catholic, Roman Catholic, Protestant, Muslim, Jewish
Note: Ukraine's population is overwhelmingly Christian; the vast majority – up to two-thirds – identify themselves as Orthodox, but many do not specify a particular branch; the UOC-KP and the UOC-MP each represent less than a quarter of the country's population, the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church accounts for 8–10%, and the UAOC accounts for 1–2%; Muslim and Jewish adherents each compose less than 1% of the total population (2013 est.)

Dependency ratios
total dependency ratio: 44.8 (2015 est.)
youth dependency ratio: 21.8 (2015 est.)
elderly dependency ratio: 23 (2015 est.)
potential support ratio: 4.3 (2015 est.)
note: data include Crimea
Urbanization
urban population: 69.4% of total population (2018)
rate of urbanization: -0.33% annual rate of change (2015–20 est.)
Literacy

definition: age 15 and over can read and write (2015 est.)

total population: 99.8%
male: 99.8%
female: 99.7% (2015 est.)
School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)
total: 15 years
male: 15 years
female: 16 years (2014)
Unemployment, youth ages 15–24
total: 23%. Country comparison to the world: 53rd
male: 24%
female: 21.5% (2016 est.)

Statistic rate of regional capitals

Birth rate in

regional centers

Birth/2012Birth/2011Birth/2010Birth/2009Birth/2007Birth/2005Birth/2003
Simferopol13.6 Increase12.8 Increase11.8 Steady11.8 Increase11.0 Increase9.5 Increase9.2 Increase
Lutsk12.6 Increase12.3 Decrease12.6 Decrease13.9 Increase12.6 Increase11.7 Increase10.0 Increase
Rivne12.6 Increase12.0 Increase11.8 Decrease12.3 Increase10.9 Increase10.1 Decrease9.4 Increase
Uzhhorod12.1 Increase11.9 Decrease12.0 Decrease12.4 Increase12.8 Increase12.6 Increase10.8 Decrease
Kyiv12.0 Increase11.4 Decrease11.5 Decrease11.7 Increase10.4 Increase9.8 Increase8.8 Increase
Khmelnytskyi12.0 Increase11.2 Decrease11.8 Increase11.5 Increase10.4 Steady10.2 Increase9.2 Increase
Sevastopol12.0 Increase11.1 Increase11.0 Decrease11.2 Increase10.5 Increase9.6 Increase8.7 Increase
Kherson11.9 Increase11.1 Increase10.1 Increase10.5 Increase9.6 Steady8.6 Decrease8.5 Increase
Ternopil11.8 Decrease12.2 Increase11.7 Decrease12.3 Increase11.9 Increase11.6 Increase10.4 Increase
Ivano-Frankivsk11.6 Steady11.6 Increase10.1 Decrease10.8 Decrease11.3 Increase10.7 Increase9.3 Increase
Vinnytsia11.5 Increase11.2 Increase10.9 Decrease11.1 Increase10.1 Increase9.4 Increase9.1 Increase
Kropyvnytskyi11.5 Increase11.1 Increase10.5 Decrease11.3 Decrease10.5 Increase8.9 Increase8.4 Decrease
Zhytomyr11.4 Decrease11.5 Increase10.8 Decrease11.7 Increase10.6 Increase9.5 Increase8.7 Increase
Sumy11.3 Increase10.3 Increase10.0 Decrease10.3 Decrease9.6 Increase8.2 Increase7.8 Increase
Lviv11.0 Increase10.4 Increase10.0 Decrease10.5 Increase9.7 Increase9.3 Decrease9.0 Increase
Ukraine Urban10.9 Increase10.5 Increase10.4 Decrease10.8 Steady9.9 Increase8.9 Steady8.3 Increase
Dnipro10.5 Increase10.2 Increase10.0 Decrease10.5 Steady9.4 Increase8.5 Increase7.9 Increase
Luhansk10.5 Increase9.8 Increase8.8 Decrease9.2 Decrease8.2 Increase7.4 Decrease6.8 Increase
Chernivtsi10.2 Decrease10.3 Increase10.1 Decrease10.2 Decrease9.2 Increase9.6 Increase8.3 Increase
Odesa10.1 Increase9.8 Increase9.6 Decrease9.9 Decrease9.0 Increase8.3 Increase7.5 Decrease
Cherkasy9.9 Increase9.4 Steady9.4 Steady9.4 Decrease8.7 Increase7.8 Steady7.4 Decrease
Poltava9.9 Increase9.1 Increase8.8 Decrease9.7 Decrease8.4 Increase7.8 Increase7.3 Increase
Zaporizhzhia9.5 Increase9.2 Steady9.2 Decrease9.3 Decrease8.9 Increase8.2 Increase7.5 Decrease
Mykolaiv9.4 Increase9.3 Increase9.1 Decrease9.4 Decrease8.7 Increase8.0 Decrease7.9 Increase
Chernihiv9.3 Increase9.2 Increase9.1 Decrease9.6 Steady8.4 Increase8.0 Increase7.6 Increase
Kharkiv9.2 Increase8.9 Increase8.8 Decrease9.2 Decrease8.4 Increase7.6 Increase7.1 Increase
Donetsk9.1 Increase8.7 Increase8.6 Decrease9.0 Decrease8.2 Increase7.5 Increase6.6 Increase
Death rate in

regional centers

Death/2012Death/2011Death/2010Death/2009Death/2007Death/2005Death/2003
Kherson15.2 Positive decrease15.6 Negative increase14.0 Positive decrease14.2 Positive decrease14.9 Positive decrease14.8 Positive decrease14.5 Positive decrease
Luhansk14.2 Positive decrease14.3 Negative increase13.6 Negative increase13.4 Positive decrease13.8 Positive decrease14.2 Positive decrease14.1 Negative increase
Simferopol14.0 Positive decrease14.8 Negative increase13.6 Positive decrease13.8 Positive decrease15.3 Steady15.3 Negative increase15.2 Positive decrease
Sevastopol13.7 Positive decrease14.1 Positive decrease14.7 Negative increase14.5 Positive decrease15.5 Negative increase15.4 Negative increase14.1 Negative increase
Kropyvnytskyi13.7 Steady13.7 Positive decrease13.8 Positive decrease14.0 Positive decrease14.4 Negative increase14.1 Steady14.1 Negative increase
Dnipro13.5 Positive decrease13.7 Positive decrease14.1 Negative increase13.8 Positive decrease15.1 Steady15.1 Positive decrease16.0 Positive decrease
Donetsk13.4 Positive decrease13.5 Positive decrease14.0 Negative increase13.9 Positive decrease15.2 Positive decrease15.4 Negative increase14.7 Negative increase
Zaporizhzhia13.2 Positive decrease13.4 Positive decrease14.2 Negative increase13.8 Positive decrease15.0 Negative increase14.7 Negative increase14.2 Positive decrease
Ukraine Urban13.1 Steady13.1 Positive decrease13.7 Steady13.7 Positive decrease14.7 Negative increase14.8 Negative increase14.3 Negative increase
Mykolaiv12.8 Steady12.8 Positive decrease13.8 Steady13.8 Positive decrease14.5 Steady14.5 Positive decrease14.9 Negative increase
Poltava12.8 Negative increase12.6 Positive decrease13.2 Negative increase13.0 Positive decrease13.7 Negative increase13.6 Steady13.6 Negative increase
Sumy12.1 Negative increase11.9 Positive decrease12.4 Positive decrease12.6 Positive decrease13.0 Positive decrease13.1 Negative increase11.9 Positive decrease
Kharkiv12.0 Negative increase11.8 Positive decrease12.4 Negative increase12.2 Positive decrease13.1 Steady13.1 Negative increase13.0 Positive decrease
Odesa11.9 Positive decrease12.2 Positive decrease13.0 Negative increase12.5 Positive decrease13.9 Negative increase14.1 Positive decrease14.0 Positive decrease
Cherkasy11.2 Negative increase10.7 Positive decrease11.3 Negative increase11.2 Positive decrease11.7 Steady11.7 Negative increase11.0 Positive decrease
Chernihiv11.4 Negative increase11.1 Positive decrease12.0 Negative increase11.8 Positive decrease12.5 Positive decrease12.4 Negative increase12.0 Positive decrease
Lviv11.0 Negative increase10.8 Negative increase10.5 Positive decrease10.8 Positive decrease11.5 Negative increase11.4 Positive decrease11.5 Negative increase
Zhytomyr10.7 Positive decrease10.9 Positive decrease11.2 Negative increase11.1 Positive decrease12.0 Positive decrease12.2 Negative increase11.4 Negative increase
Uzhhorod10.3 Negative increase10.2 Positive decrease10.5 Positive decrease11.3 Positive decrease12.0 Positive decrease12.4 Negative increase10.3 Negative increase
Kyiv9.8 Negative increase9.6 Positive decrease10.3 Negative increase10.2 Positive decrease11.4 Negative increase11.2 Negative increase10.7 Negative increase
Lutsk9.6 Negative increase9.4 Positive decrease9.6 Negative increase9.1 Positive decrease10.4 Negative increase10.2 Positive decrease10.5 Negative increase
Chernivtsi9.5 Negative increase9.4 Positive decrease9.9 Positive decrease10.3 Positive decrease11.0 Steady11.0 Negative increase10.8 Negative increase
Khmelnytskyi9.4 Negative increase8.8 Positive decrease9.0 Positive decrease9.5 Negative increase9.8 Steady9.8 Negative increase9.2 Negative increase
Vinnytsia9.1 Negative increase9.0 Positive decrease9.2 Steady9.2 Positive decrease10.2 Steady10.2 Negative increase10.0 Negative increase
Ivano-Frankivsk9.1 Negative increase8.7 Negative increase8.2 Positive decrease8.5 Positive decrease9.1 Positive decrease9.3 Steady9.3 Negative increase
Ternopil8.1 Negative increase7.6 Positive decrease8.1 Negative increase7.7 Positive decrease8.5 Steady8.5 Negative increase7.7 Positive decrease
Rivne7.9 Negative increase7.8 Positive decrease8.7 Negative increase8.6 Positive decrease9.0 Negative increase9.2 Negative increase8.8 Positive decrease

Ethnic groups

National structure of the population of Ukraine (2001).
  Ukrainians
  Russians
  Others

In 2001, the ethnic composition was: Ukrainians 77.8%, Russian 17.3%, Romanian 1.1% (including Moldovan 0.8%), Belarusian 0.6%, Crimean Tatar 0.5%, Bulgarian 0.4%, Hungarian 0.3%, Polish 0.3%, Jewish 1.0%, Pontic Greeks 0.2% and other 1.6% (including Muslim Bulgarians, otherwise known as Torbesh and a microcosm of Swedes of Gammalsvenskby).[19] It is also estimated that there are about 49,817 ethnic Koreans (0.12%) in Ukraine that belong to the Koryo-saram group. Their number may be as high as 100.000 as many ethnic Koreans were assimilated into the majority population.[20][21]

Ethnic Ukrainians in Ukraine by raions (2001 census)
Largest ethnicity in Ukraine's cities and raions, according to 2001 census.

Before World War II

Population of the Ukrainian SSR according to ethnic group 1926–1939
Ethnic
group		census 19261census 19392
Number%Number%
Ukrainians23,218,86080.023,667,50976.5
Russians2,677,1669.24,175,29913.5
Jewish1,574,4285.41,532,7765.0
Germans393,9241.4392,4581.3
Polish476,4351.6357,7101.2
Moldavians / Romanians257,7940.9230,6980.8
Belarusians75,8420.3158,1740.5
Pontic Greeks104,6660.4107,0470.4
Bulgarians99,2780.383,8380.3
Tatars22,2810.155,4560.2
Romani13,5780.010,4430.0
Others103,9350.4174,8100.6
Total29,018,18730,946,218
1 Source: [22].

After World War II

Population of Ukraine according to ethnic group 1959–2001
Ethnic
group		census 19591census 19702census 19793census 19894census 20015
Number%Number%Number%Number%Number%
Ukrainians32,158,49376.835,283,85774.936,488,95173.637,419,05372.737,541,69377.5
Russians7,090,81316.99,126,33119.410,471,60221.111,355,58222.18,334,14117.2
Romanians / Moldovans391,7531.1378,0431.1415,3711.1459,3501.2409,6081.1
Belarusians290,8900.7385,8470.8406,0980.8440,0450.9275,7630.6
Crimean Tatars1930.03,5540.06,6360.046,8070.1248,1930.5
Bulgarians219,4190.5234,3900.5238,2170.5233,8000.5204,5740.4
Hungarians149,2290.4157,7310.3164,3730.3163,1110.3156,5660.3
Poles363,2970.9295,1070.6258,3090.5219,1790.4144,1300.3
Jewish840,3112.0777,1261.7634,1541.3486,6281.0103,5910.2
Armenians28,0240.133,4390.138,6460.154,2000.199,8940.2
Greeks104,3590.3106,9090.2104,0910.298,5940.291,5480.2
Tatars61,3340.272,6580.283,9060.286,8750.273,3040.2
Romani22,5150.130,0910.134,4110.147,9170.147,5870.1
Azerbaijanis6,6800.010,7690.017,2350.036,9610.145,1760.1
Georgians11,5740.014,6500.016,3010.023,5400.134,1990.1
Germans23,2430.129,8710.134,1390.137,8490.133,3020.1
Gagauz23,5300.126,4640.129,3980.131,9670.131,9230.1
Karaites3,3010.02,5960.01,8450.01,4040.01,1960.0
Others129,3380.3157,0840.3165,6500.3209,1720.4363,8211.1
Total41,869,04647,126,51749,609,33351,452,03448,240,902
1 Source: [23]. 2 Source: [24]. 3 Source: [25]. 4 Source: [26]. 5 Source: [1].

Ethnic Groups in Ukraine 2001[27]

  Ukrainian (77.8%)
  Russian (17.3%)
  Belarusian (0.6%)
  Moldovan (0.5%)
  Crimean Tatar (0.5%)
  Bulgarian (0.4%)
  Hungarian (0.3%)
  Romanian (0.3%)
  Polish (0.3%)
  Jewish (0.2%)
  Other (1.8%)

Languages

According to the latest census that took place, the following languages are common in Ukraine Ukrainian 67.5%, Russian 29.6%, Crimean Tatar, Urum (Turkic Greeks), Bulgarian, Moldovan/Romanian, Polish, Hungarian.The below table gives the total population of various ethnic groups in Ukraine and the primary language, according to the 2001 census.[19]

Primary language by ethnic group
Ethnic groupPopulationNativeUkrainianRussianOther
Ukrainians37,541,69331,970,728–5,544,729532
Russians8,334,1417,993,832328,152–402
Moldovans258,619181,12427,77545,6071242
Belarusians275,76354,57348,202172,251
Crimean Tatars248,193228,37318415,20843
Bulgarians204,574131,23710,27762,0679
Hungarians156,566149,4315,3671,51314
Romanians150,989138,5229,3672,297170
Polish144,13018,660102,26822,495390
Hebrew103,5913,21313,92485,96416
Armenians99,89450,3635,79843,10511
Greeks91,5485,8294,35980,9929
Tatars73,30425,7703,31043,0606
Koreans49,8172,22337,9329,6620
Romani people47,58721,26610,0396,3786
Azerbaijanis45,17623,9583,22416,96836
Georgians34,19912,5392,81818,58915
Germans33,3024,0567,36021,54920
Gagauz31,92322,8221,1027,2322
Uzbeks12,3533,6041,8185,9960
Chuvash10,5932,2685647,6361
Mordvinians9,3311,4736467,1680
Turks8,8447,9231335670
Lithuanians7,2071,9321,0294,1824
Arabs6,5754,0718971,2350
Slovaks6,3972,6332,6653350
Czechs5,9171,1902,5032,1442
Kazakhs5,5261,0418223,47011
Latvians5,0799578723,1881
Ossetians4,8341,1504013,1104
Udmurts4,7127293803,5150
Lezghinians4,3491,5073302,3414
Tadjiks4,2551,5214881,9830
Bashkirs4,2538433362,9200
Mari people4,1301,0592642,7587
Thai3,8503,641291640
Turkmens3,7097191,0791,3920
Albanians3,3081,7403011,1810
Assyrians3,1438834081,7300
Chechens2,8771,5812129770
Estonians2,8684163212,1074
Chinese people2,2131,817733070
Kurds2,0881,1732363960
Darghins1,6104091999550
Komis1,5453301271,0460
Karelians1,522961451,2441
Avars1,4965821217610
India-Bangladesh-Pakistan1,4831,092261920
Abkhazians1,4583172687970
Karaites1,196721609310
Komi-Permians1,165160798981
Kyrgyz people1,12820822161719
Laks1,01919927151413
Afghans1,008551602130
other3,2281,0271447900
NA188,63901,1081,8441
Native languages according to 2001 census
UkrainianRussianRomanian and Moldovan
Crimean TatarBulgarianHungarian

Religion

A 2016 survey conducted by the Razumkov Centre found that 70% of the population declared themselves believers in any religion, while 6.3% declared themselves non-believers, and 2.7% declared to be atheists.[28] Of the total Ukrainian population, 81.9% declared to be Christians, comprising a 63.4% who declared to be Orthodox, 8.5% Greek Rite Catholics, 7.1% simply Christians, 1.9% Protestants, and 1.0% Latin Rite Catholics. Islam comprises 2% of the population, while Judaism was the religion of 0.2% of the population.

According to data from 2008 among those Ukrainians who declared to believe in Orthodoxy, 38.1% declared to be members of the Ukrainian Orthodox Church of the Kyivan Patriarchate (being incorporated as of the 5 January 2019 into the Orthodox Church of Ukraine), while 23.0% declared to be members of the Ukrainian Orthodox Church of the Moscovian Patriarchate (which is an autonomous Orthodox church under the Russian Orthodox Church). A further 2.7% were members of the Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox Church, which, like the Kyivan Patriarchate, where incorporated in 2019 into the Orthodox Church of Ukraine.[29] Among the remaining Orthodox Ukrainians, 32.3% declared to be "simply Orthodox", without affiliation to any patriarchate, while a further 3.1% declared that they "did not know" which patriarchate or Orthodox church they belonged to.[28]

Regional differences

Regional differences in population change

Natural population growth rates by oblast (2009).

Between the Soviet census of 1989 and the Ukrainian census of 2001, Ukraine's population declined from 51,706,600 to 48,457,020,[3] a loss of 2,926,700 people or 5.7% of the 1989 population. However, this trend has been quite uneven and varied regionally. Two regions in western Ukraine — Rivne and Zakarpattia, saw slight population increases of 0.3% and 0.5% respectively. A third western Ukrainian region, Volyn, lost less than 0.1% of its population between 1989 and 2001.[3] Collectively, between 1989 and 2001 the seven westernmost regions of Ukraine lost 167,500 people or 1.7% of their 1989 population. The total population of these regions in 2001 was 9,593,800.[3]

Between 1989 and 2001, the population of Kyiv City increased by 0.3%[3] due to positive net-migration.[citation needed] Outside the capital, the central, southern and eastern regions experienced a severe decline in population. Between 1989 and 2001, the Donetsk region lost 491,300 people or 9.2% of its 1989 population, and neighbouring Luhansk region lost 11% of its population.[3] Chernihiv region, in central Ukraine northeast of Kyiv, lost 170,600 people or 12% of its 1989 population, the highest percentage loss in of any region in Ukraine. In southern Ukraine, Odesa region lost 173,600 people, or 6.6% of its 1989 population. By 2001, Crimea's population declined by 29,900 people, representing only 1.4% loss of the 1989 population.[3]

However, this was due to the influx of approximately 200,000 Crimean Tatars – a number equivalent to approximately 10% of Crimea's 1989 population – who arrived in Crimea after 1989 and whose population in that region increased by a factor of 6.4 from 38,000 to 243,400 between 1989 and 2001.[30] Collectively, the net population loss in the regions of Ukraine outside the westernmost regions was 2,759,200 people or 6.6% of the 1989 population. The total population of these regions in 2001 was 39,186,100.[3]

Thus, from 1989–2001 the pattern of population change was one of slight growth in Kyiv, slight declines in western Ukraine, large declines in eastern, central and southern Ukraine and a relatively small decline in Crimea due to a large influx of Crimean Tatars.

Natural population growth
All population, 2012Urban population, 2009Rural population, 2009

Regional differences in birth and fertility rates

Ukraine's total fertility rate is one of the lowest in Europe.[31][32] However, significant regional differences in birth rates may account for some of the demographic differences. In the third quarter of 2007, for instance, the highest birth rate among Ukrainian regions occurred in Volyn Oblast, with a birth rate of 13.4/1,000 people, compared to the Ukrainian country-wide average of 9.6/1,000 people.[33] Volyn's birthrate is higher than the average birth rate of any European country with the exceptions of Iceland and Albania.[34]

In 2007, for the first time since 1990, five Ukrainian regions (Zakarpattia Oblast, Rivne Oblast, Volyn Oblast, Lviv Oblast, and Kyiv Oblast) experienced more births than deaths.[35] This demonstrates a positive trend of increasing birthrates in the last couple of years throughout Ukraine. The ratio of births to deaths in those regions in 2007 was 119%, 117%, 110%, 100.7%, and 108%, respectively.[35]

With the exception of Kyiv region, all of the regions with more births than deaths were in the less industrially developed regions of western Ukraine. According to a spokesperson for Ukraine's Ministry of Justice, the overall ratio of births to deaths in Ukraine had improved from 1 to 1.7 in 2004–2005 to 1 to 1.4 in 2008. However, the worst birth to death ratios in the country were in the eastern and central oblasts of Donetsk, Luhansk, Cherkasy and Poltava. In these regions, for every birth there were 2.1 deaths.[36]

Notably, western Ukraine never experienced the Holodomor, as Poland, Czechoslovakia, and Romania ruled it at the time, helping to explain the better demographics there, as the rural population was never devastated. Specifically, during the time of the Holodomor, Poland ruled Ivano-Frankivsk, Lviv, Rivne, Ternopil, and Volyn Oblasts, whereas Zakarpattia Oblast was under Czechoslovak rule, and Romania controlled Chernivtsi Oblast and the Budjak section of Odesa Oblast.

Abortion behavior in the North, South, East and Center regions of Ukraine are relatively homogeneous while the Western region differs greatly. Overall, the abortion rate in western Ukraine is three times lower than in other regions; however this is not due to an increased use of modern contraceptive methods in the West, but simply due to the fact that pregnant women in the Western regions are more likely to keep their babies.[37] Donetsk and Dniproptrovsk oblasts in eastern and central Ukraine have the country's highest rate of abortions.[38]

Natural population growth
The birth rate in Ukraine, 2003.The birth rate in Ukraine, 2010.The death rate in Ukraine, 2010.

Regional differences and death rates and health

Death rate from suicides per 100.000 people

Death rates also vary widely by region; Eastern and southern Ukraine have the highest death rates in the country, and the life expectancy for children born in Chernihiv, Dnipropetrovsk, Donetsk, Kherson, Kropyvnytskyi, Luhansk, Mikolaiv, and Odesa regions is 1.5 years lower than the national average.[39]

Ukraine had a suicide rate of 16.5 per 100,000 population in 2017, a significant decrease from the suicide rate of 29.6 per 100,000 in 1998. Suicides are more frequent in the central part of the country (the highest suicide rates was in Kirovohrad Oblast; In western Ukraine, the suicide rate was lower than the national average. Lviv Oblast has the lowest suicide rate – 5.3[40]

The Southern and eastern Ukrainian regions also suffer from the highest rates of HIV and AIDS, which impacts life expectancy. In late 2000, 60% of all AIDS cases in Ukraine were concentrated in the Odesa, Dnipropetrovsk, and Donetsk regions.[41] A major reason for this is the fact that the urbanized and industrialized regions in the East and South of Ukraine suffered most from the economic crisis in the 1990s, which in turn led to the spread of unemployment, alcoholism, and drug abuse, thus setting the conditions for wider spread of the epidemic.[42]

Regional differences in income

Average Monthly Salary by region in US dollars, 2019.

The western and central regions of Ukraine had lower GDP per capita than Kyiv and the industrialized eastern regions of Ukraine. In December 2019 the average monthly salary in Ukraine was 12,264 hryvnias (or 519 US dollars). Chernihiv oblast (northern Ukraine) and Kirovohrad Oblast (central Ukraine), had the lowest monthly salary of 8,851 and 9,450 hryvnias, respectively. In contrast, the monthly wage in the city of Kyiv was 18,869 hryvnias per month, and in Kyiv oblast – 13,259 per month.[43] In 2013, outside of the capital city of Kyiv, the wealthiest region was Donetsk Oblast with annual income 31,048 hryvnias. But as of 2017, Donetsk Oblast ranks as the second poorest after Luhansk Oblast with annual incomes 25,278 hryvnias and 16,416 hryvnias respectively. [44] Both are in the eastern Ukraine and have sustained direct losses as a consequence of military actions.

Ukraine recorded one of the sharpest declines in poverty of any transition economy in 2001–2016 years. The poverty rate, measured against an absolute poverty line (below $1.25 per day in dollars, based on World Bank) fell from a high of 32 percent in 2001 to 8 percent in 2005. In terms of poverty rates, the central and northern regions have the country's highest poverty rates – 10.0%. The western and southern regions – 9.1% and 9% respectively. Kyiv City had the lowest poverty rate – 1.4%.[45]Percent of population living under $5.50 a day was 19% in 2005 and dropped to 4.0 percent in 2018.[46][47]

Urbanization

Urbanization rate, 2011Population density, 2011Median population of rural settlements, 2011

Migration

Migration growth rate in 2012 (per 1,000).

Emigration

Ukraine is the major source of migrants in Russia and many of the member states of the European Union. During the 1990s and early 2000s, Ukraine's sputtering economy and political instability contributed to rising emigration, especially to nearby Russia, Poland and Hungary, but also to other countries like Italy, Portugal, Spain, Turkey, Israel and Canada. Although estimates vary, approximately two to three million Ukrainian citizens are currently working abroad, most of them illegally, in construction, service, housekeeping, and agriculture industries. Eastern Ukrainians are likely to immigrate to Russia while western Ukrainians are likely to move to the E.U. [citation needed]

Between 1991 and 2004, the government counted 2,537,400 individuals who emigrated; 1,897,500 moved to other post-Soviet states, and 639,900 moved to other, mainly Western, states.[48]

By the early 2000s, Ukrainian embassies reported that 300,000 Ukrainian citizens were working in Poland, 200,000 in Italy, approximately 200,000 in the Czech Republic, 150,000 in Portugal, 100,000 in Spain, 35,000 in Turkey, 20,000 in the United States and small significant numbers in Austria, Belgium, France, Germany, Greece, Sweden, Switzerland and the UK. The largest number of Ukrainian workers abroad, about one million, are in the Russian Federation. Since 1992, 232,072 persons born in Ukraine have emigrated to the US.

From the point of view of the economic impact on natives, more appropriate than the absolute numbers is the volume of immigration as a proportion of the native population. Italy has the highest rate of Ukrainian emigrants as a proportion of the native population, while the much larger Russia has the largest absolute confirmed number of Ukrainian emigrants (leaving aside Poland, Portugal and the Czech Republic, for which there is conflicting data).

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