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490 roots processed in 0.000050s on 27 January 2006, 20:50:13
Pronouns
| | Albanian | Anatolian | Armenian | Baltic | Celtic | Germanic | Hellenic | Indo-Iranian | Italic | Slavic | Tocharian | Other |
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Root | Meaning | Albanian | Hittite | Lycian | Armenian | Old Prussian | Lithuanian/Latvian | Gaulish | Irish | Welsh | Gothic | German | English | Old Norse | Greek | Sanskrit | Kashmiri (Dardic) | Kamviri (Nuristani) | Avestan | Ossetian | Persian | Latin | Oscan | Umbrian | Old Church Slavonic | Polish | Russian | Tocharian | Dacian | Old Macedonian | Illyrian | Phrygian | Thracian |
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eg- | I | | uk | | | | | | | | ik | ih/Ich | iċ/I | ek | egō | aham | | õc | azəm | | | ego | | eho | | | ja | | | | | | |
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me- | me | mua | ammuk | amu | | | | | mé | mi | mik | mih/mich | mec/me | mik/mér | eme | mam | | | mam | | | me | | mehe | | mi/mię/mnie | menja | | | | | | |
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wei- | we | | wēs | | | | vedu/ | | | | wit/weis | wir/wir | wē/we | vit/vér | | vayam | | | | | vayam/ | | | | ve | | | wes | | | | | |
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nes- | us | ne | anzās | | | | | | ni | ni | uns | unsih/uns | uncer/us | oss | no | nas | | | na | | | nos | | | ny | nas | | nás | | | | | |
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tu- | thou | ti | tuk | | dun/tun | toū | tu/tu | | tū/tú | ti | þu | dū/du | þū/thou | þú | su | tvam | tsū' | tü | tū | dy/ | tuva/to | tū | tuvai | tu/tui | ty | ty | ty | tu/tuwe | | | | | |
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te- | thee | | | | | | | | | | | dih/dich | þē/thee | þik | | | | tüa | | | | te | | te | | cię/ci | | | | | | | |
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iuh- | ye | | | | | | jūs/jūs | | | | jus | ir/ihr | gē/you | ykkr/yðr | humeis | yuyam | | | yuzem | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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wos- | you | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | vas | | | | | | vos | | vos | | was | vy | | | | | | |
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kwo- | who | kush | kuiš | | ov-inč' | | kas/kas | | /cía | | hwas | hwer/wer | hwā/who | hverr | tis | ka- | kus | kâča | | či | /ki | quis | | poei | | kto | kto | kus/kŭse | | | | | |
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s(w)e | refl. 3rd pers pronoun | | | | | sien; sin | savo/sevi | | | | sik | sih/sich; sin/sein | sin/-- | sik; sinn | heos | sva | | | | | | se; suus | | | se | | sja | | | | | ve | |
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Numerals
| | Albanian | Anatolian | Armenian | Baltic | Celtic | Germanic | Hellenic | Indo-Iranian | Italic | Slavic | Tocharian | Other |
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Root | Meaning | Albanian | Hittite | Lycian | Armenian | Old Prussian | Lithuanian/Latvian | Gaulish | Irish | Welsh | Gothic | German | English | Old Norse | Greek | Sanskrit | Kashmiri (Dardic) | Kamviri (Nuristani) | Avestan | Ossetian | Persian | Latin | Oscan | Umbrian | Old Church Slavonic | Polish | Russian | Tocharian | Dacian | Old Macedonian | Illyrian | Phrygian | Thracian |
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1- oino- | one | një/nji | | | | aīns | vienas/viens | oinos | óin/aon | un | ains | ein/eins | ān/one | einn | oios | eka | akh | ev | aēuua | iu/jeu | aiva/yak | ūnus | uinus | uns | edinŭ | jeden | odin | | | | | | |
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1- sem- | one | gjithë | san | sñta | mi/mek/meg | | sa/ | | samhail | hafal | sama | saman/zusammen | sum/some | sami | heis | sa-kr.t | | sâ~ | hakeret | | hama/hamin | semel | | | | | sam | sas/s.e | | | | | |
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2- dwo- | two | dy | dā- | tuwa | erku/yerku/yergu | dwāi | du/divi | vo | dá/dó | dau | twai | zwei | twā/two | tveir | duō | dva | zū' | dü | duua | dyuuæ/duuæ | duva/do | duo | dus | tuf | dŭva | dwa | dva | wu/wi | | | | | |
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3- trei- | three | tre | tri- | trei | erek'/yerek' | tri | trys/trīs | treis | treí/trí | tri | þreis | drī/drei | þrēo/three | þrír | treis | tri | tre | tre | θri | ærtæ | çi/se | trēs | tris | trif | trĭje | trzy | tri | tre/trai | | | tri- | thri- | |
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4- kwetwer- | four | katër | | teteri | č'ork'/č'ors | keturjāi | keturi/četri | petor | cethir/ceahair | pedwar | fidwor | feor/vier | fēower/four | fjórir | tessares | catur | tsor | što | čaθwar | cyppar/cuppar | /čahār | quattuor | petora | petor | četyri | cztery | četyre | śtwar/śtwer | | | | | ketri- |
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5- penkwe- | five | pesë | | | hing/hing/hink | pēnkjāi | penki/pieci | pempe | cóic/cúig | pump | fimf | fimf/fünf | fīf/five | fimm | pente | pañca | pā.~tsh | puč | pan.ča | fondz | panča/panj | quinque | pompe | pumpe | pętĭ | pięć | pjat' | päñ/piś | | | | pinke | |
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6- swek's- | six | gjashtë | | | vec'/vec' | usjai | šeši/seši | suex | sé | chwech | saihs | sēhs/sechs | siex/six | sex | heks | s.as. | śe | s.u | xš.uuaš | æxsæz | /šeš | sex | sehs | sehs | šestĭ | sześć | šest' | s.äk/s.kas | | | ses- | | |
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7- septm.- | seven | shtatë | šipta- | | evt'n/yot'/yot'ĕ | septīnjai | septyni/septiņi | sextan | secht/seacht | saith | sibun | sibun/sieben | seofon/seven | sjau | hepta | sapta | sath | sut | hapta | avd | /haft | septem | seften | | sedmĭ | siedem | sem' | s.äk/s.kas | | | | | |
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8- ok'tōu- | eight | tëte | | aitãta- | ut'/ut'/ut'ĕ | astōnjai | aštuoni/astoņi | oxtū | ocht | wyth | ahtau | ahto/acht | eahta/eight | átta | oktō | as.t.a | ā.t.h | us.t. | ašta | ast | ašta/hašt | octō | uhto | | osmĭ | osiem | vosem' | okät/okt | | | | | |
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9- newn.- | nine | nëntë/nândë | | ñuñtãta- | inn/inn/innĕ | newīnjai | devyni/deviņi | navan | nói/naoi | naw | niun | niun/neun | nigon/nine | níu | ennea | nava | nav | nu | nauua | | nava/noh | novem | nuven | nuvim | devętĭ | dziewięć | devjat' | ñu | | | | | |
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10- dek'm.- | ten | dhjetë/dhetë | | | tasn/tas/dasĕ | desīmtan | dešimt/desmit | decam | deich | deg | taihun | zēhen/zehn | tīen/ten | tíu | deka | daśa | da.h | duc | dasa | dæs | daθa/dah | decem | deken | desem | desętĭ | dziesięć | desjat' | śäk/śak | dece- | | | | |
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20- wīk'm.tī- | twenty | njëzet/njizet | | | k'san | | | vocontio | fiche | ugain | | | | | eikosi | vin.śati | vuh | vici | visaiti | | /bist | vīgintī | | | | | | wiki/ikäm. | | | | | |
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100- k'm.tom | hundred | | | | | | šimtas/simts | | cét/cead | cant | hund | hunt/hundert | hundred/hundred | hundrað | hekaton | śata | śath | | sata/satem | sædæ | /sad | centum | | | sŭto | sto | sto | känt/kante | | | | | |
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1000- teus-k'm.ti | thousand | | | | | | tukstantis/tūkstots | | | | þusundi | þūsunt/tausend | þusend/thousand | þúsund | | | | | | | | | | | tysõšti' | tysiąc | tysjača | tumane/tmām | | | | | |
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per- | foremost->first | i parë | para | | | pariy | pirmas/pirmais | | príomh | yr | | furist/Fürst; fruo/früh | fyrst/first | fyrstr | prōtos | prathama | | pürük | paoiriia | fyccag-farast/farast | | primus | perum | pert | | pierwszy | pervyj | parwät/parwe | | | | | |
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Directions
| | Albanian | Anatolian | Armenian | Baltic | Celtic | Germanic | Hellenic | Indo-Iranian | Italic | Slavic | Tocharian | Other |
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Root | Meaning | Albanian | Hittite | Lycian | Armenian | Old Prussian | Lithuanian/Latvian | Gaulish | Irish | Welsh | Gothic | German | English | Old Norse | Greek | Sanskrit | Kashmiri (Dardic) | Kamviri (Nuristani) | Avestan | Ossetian | Persian | Latin | Oscan | Umbrian | Old Church Slavonic | Polish | Russian | Tocharian | Dacian | Old Macedonian | Illyrian | Phrygian | Thracian |
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en | in | | | | | | | | in/ | yn | in | in/in | in/in | í | en | | | | | | | in | | | on- | | | | | | | | |
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eghs | out | | | | | | | ex- | ess-/as/ó | | | | | | ex | | | | | | | ex | | | izu | | iz | | | | | | |
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(s)uper | over | | | | thar | | | ver- | for/ | | ufaro | ubar/über | ofer/over | yfir | hyper | upari | | | upairi | | bar/abar | super | | | | | | | | | | | |
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(s)upo | under | | up-zi | | | | | | | | iup | uf/auf | upp/up | upp | hypo | upa | | | | | zir | sub | | | | | | | | | | | |
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ambhi | around | | | | | | | ambi- | imb-/ | | | umbi/um | ymbe/-- | um | aiphi | abhitah | | | aiwito | | | ambi | | | oba | | | ámpi | | | | | |
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medhyo- | between | | | | mēj/mēč | | medis/mežs | medi-os | | | midjis | mitti/Mitte | ælemidde/middle | meðal | | madhyah | | pâmüč | | | mian | medium | mefiaí | | | między | meždu | | | | metu | | |
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bhudhmen | bottom | | | | bun/pun | | | | bun | bôn | | bodam/Boden | botm/bottom | botn | puthmēn | budhnah | | | bŭnō | | bon | fundus | | | | | | | | | | | |
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Kinship
| | Albanian | Anatolian | Armenian | Baltic | Celtic | Germanic | Hellenic | Indo-Iranian | Italic | Slavic | Tocharian | Other |
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Root | Meaning | Albanian | Hittite | Lycian | Armenian | Old Prussian | Lithuanian/Latvian | Gaulish | Irish | Welsh | Gothic | German | English | Old Norse | Greek | Sanskrit | Kashmiri (Dardic) | Kamviri (Nuristani) | Avestan | Ossetian | Persian | Latin | Oscan | Umbrian | Old Church Slavonic | Polish | Russian | Tocharian | Dacian | Old Macedonian | Illyrian | Phrygian | Thracian |
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manu- | person | | | | | | žmonės/-- | | | | manna | man/Mann | mann/man | maðr | | manus- | | mânša | man-us | | | | | | mozi | | muž | | | | | | |
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nō-m.n | name | emër/êmën | lāman | | anun | emnes | | anm-en | ainm/ | anu | namo | namo/Name | nama/name | nafn | onoma | nāmah | | nom | nama | nom | nāma/nām | nōmen | | nome | ime | imię | imja | ñom/ñem | | | | | |
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wī-ro- | man | neri | | | | wirs | vyras/vīrs | gwyr | fer/fear | gwr | wair | wer/Werwolf | wer/werewolf | | | vīra- | | | vīra- | | | vir | | viru | | | | wir | | | | | |
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hner | man | | | | ayr | | | | | | | | | | anēr | nar | | | | | | | | ner | | | | | | | | anar | |
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gwen- | woman | grua | | | kin/gin | genno | | | bean | benyw | qino | quena/-- | cwēn/queen | kona | gunē | gnā/jani- | zanānū' | | gənā | | /zan | | | | žena | żona | žena | | | | | | |
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an- | ancestor | parët | hannas | | han | ane | anyta/-- | eontr | | | | ano/Ahn | | | annis/anōn | | | | | | nia/niakan | anus | | | | | vnuk | | | | ana | | |
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pəter- | father | atë | | | | | | ātir | athir/athair | gwaladr | fadar | fater/Vater | fæder/father | faðir | patēr | pitā | petū'r | | | fyd/ | pitar/pedar | pater | patir | pater | | | | pācar/pācer | | | | | |
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māter- | mother | ëma | | | mayr | mūti | motė/māte | mātir | máthir/máthair | modryb | | muoter/Mutter | mōdor/mother | mōðir | mētēr | mātr. | mā.j | motr | mātar- | mad/madæ | mātar/mādar | māter | maatreis | matrer | mati | matka | mat' | mācar/mācer | | | | mater | |
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bhrāter- | brother | vlla | | | yeġbayr/yeġpayr | brāti | brolis/brālis | brātir | bráthair/dearbhráthair | brawd | brōþar | bruoder/Bruder | brōþor/brother | bróðir | phrātēr | bhrātar | boy | br.o | brātar- | ærvad/ | brātār/barādar | frāter | | fratrom | bratru | brat | brat | pracer/procer | | | bra' | brater | |
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swesor- | sister | motër | | | k'uyr | | sesuo/-- | suiior | deirfiúr | chwaer | swistar | swester/Schwester | sweostor/sister | systir | eor | svasar- | | sus | shanhar- | xuæræ | xahar | soror | | | sestra | siostra | sestra | s.ar/s.er | | | | | |
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sunu- | son | dielli | | | ustr | soūns | sūnus/-- | | | | sunus | sunu/Sohn | sunu/son | sonr | nios | sūnu- | | | hunu- | | | | | | synu | syn | syn | se/soyä | | | | | |
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dhugəter- | daughter | bijë | | | dustr/tusdr | duckti | duktē/ | duxtīr | | | dauhtar | tohter/Tochter | dohtor/daughter | dóttir | thugatēr | duhitar- | | jü | | | doxtar | | | | dusti | | doč' | ckācar/tkacer | | | | | |
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daiwer- | husband's brother | | | | taigr/daikr | | dieveris/dieveris | | | | | zeihhur/-- | | | dāēr | devar- | | | | | | lēvir | | | | | dever' | | | | | | |
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swek'rū | mother-in-law | vjehërr | | | skesur/sgesur | | šešuras | chwegr | | | swaíhrō | swigur/Schwieger | swēor/-- | sväära | ekurā | śvaśrū- | | č.uč. | xvasura- | | | socrus | | | | świekra | svekrov' | | | | | | |
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snus-os | daughter-in-law | | | | nu | | | | | | | | snoru/-- | | nuos | snushā- | | | | | | nurus | | | snŭkha | snecha | | | | | | | |
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g'əlōu- | brother's wife | | | | | | | | | | | | | | galōs | | | | | | | glōs | | | zlŭva | | zolovka | | | | | gelaros | |
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yenəter- | brother-in-law's wife | | | | ner | | jentė/ietere | | | | | | | | einatēr | yātar- | | iâri | | | | ianitrīcēs | | | | | jatrov' | | | | | | |
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awon- | grandfather/mother's brother | | | | hav | awis | avynas | avontīr | aue/ó | ewythr | awó | ōheim/Oheim | ēam/-- | | aia | | | | | | | avus/avunculus | | | uy | wuj | uj | | | | | | |
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nepōt- | grandson/nephew | nip | | | | | nepuotis/ | nei | niath/ | nai | | nefo/Neffe | nefa/-- | | | napāt- | | nâvo | napāt- | | napā/nave | nepōs | | | netiy | | | | | | | | |
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widhewā- | widow | e ve | | | | widdewu | | | fedb/ | gweddw | widuwō | wituwa/Witwe | widuwe/widow | | eitheos | vidhavā- | | | viðavā- | | /beva | vidua | | | vidova | wdowa | vdova | | | | | | |
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ghos-ti | stranger/guest | | | | | | | | | | gasts | gast/Gast | gæst/guest | gestr | | | | | | | | hostis | | | gosti | gość | gost' | | | | | | |
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Body parts
| | Albanian | Anatolian | Armenian | Baltic | Celtic | Germanic | Hellenic | Indo-Iranian | Italic | Slavic | Tocharian | Other |
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Root | Meaning | Albanian | Hittite | Lycian | Armenian | Old Prussian | Lithuanian/Latvian | Gaulish | Irish | Welsh | Gothic | German | English | Old Norse | Greek | Sanskrit | Kashmiri (Dardic) | Kamviri (Nuristani) | Avestan | Ossetian | Persian | Latin | Oscan | Umbrian | Old Church Slavonic | Polish | Russian | Tocharian | Dacian | Old Macedonian | Illyrian | Phrygian | Thracian |
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k'er- | head | krye | | | karapen/garaben | kerpetis | | | ceann | | | hirni/Hirn | | hjarni | kare | karparas | | | sar | | /sar | cerĕbrum | | | | | čerep | | | | | | |
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kaput- | head | krye | | | | | | | ceann | | haubiþ | houbit/Haupt | hēafod/head | hofuð | | kaput- | | | | | | caput | | | | | | | | | | | |
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pilo- | hair | flok | | | | | plaukas/plūksnas | | | | | | | | pilos | | | | | | | pĭlus | | | | | pleš | | | | | | |
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pula- | hair | qime | | | | | | | ulach/ | | | | | | | pula | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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bhru- | brow | vetull | | | | wubri | bruvis/-- | | brú/bruach | | | brā/Braue | brū/brow | brún | ophrus | bhrus | | | | | abru | | | | bruvi | brew | brov' | pärwām./pärwāne | | abroutes | | | |
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ous- | ear | vesh | | | | | ausis/auss | aus | clúas | auso | ōra/Ohr | ēare/ear | eyra | ous | usi | | | usi | | gaušā/guš | auris | | | ucho | ucho | uxo | | | | | | |
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okw- | eye | sy | | | ač'k' | | akis/acs | | súil | enep | augo | ouga/Auge | ēaġe/eye | auga | ophthalmos | aks.i | | âče~ | | | | oculus | | | oko | oko | oko | ak/ek | | | | | |
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nas- | nose | hun | | | | nazy | nosis/nāss | | | | | nasa/Nase | nosu/nose | nös | | nasa | | nâsur. | nah | | nāham/ | nasus | | | nasu | nos | nos | | | | | | |
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ōs- | mouth | goj | aish | | | austo | uosta/osta | oss | | | | | ōr/-- | oss | | as/osthas | | âša | aosta | | | ōs | | | | usta | usta | | | | | | |
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leb- | lip | buz | | | | | | llef | liopa | | | lefso/Lippe | lippa/lip | | | | | | | | /lab | labĭum | | | | | lobzat' | | | | | | |
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dent- | tooth | dhëmbë | | | | | dantis/ | dant | | dant | tunþus | zand/Zahn | tōþ/tooth | tǫnn | odous/donti | dantam | dãd | dut | | | /dandān | dēns/dentis | | | | dziąsło | desna | | | | | | |
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dn.g'hū- | tongue | gua | | | lezu | insuwis | liežuvis/-- | | teanga | tafod | tuggo | zunga/Zunge | tunge/tongue | tunga | | jihva | | dic | huzvan | | hazānam/zabān | lingua | | | językŭ | język | jazyk | | | | | | |
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g'enu- | cheek | faqe | | | cnaut/dznaud | | žandas/zods | genou | gin/ | | kinnus | kinni/Kinn | cin/chin | kinn | genos | hanus | | | zanu | | chaneh/goune | gena | | | | | | sanwem | | | | azon | |
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g'ebh- | jaw | | | | | | | | gial | | | kiuwa/Kiefer | ċeafl/jowl | keptr | | | | | zafana | | | | | | | | zob | | | | | | |
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smek- | chin | mjekër | zamakur | | mauruk/maurug | | smakras/smakrs | | smig | | | | | | | smasru | | | | | | maxilla | | | | | | | | | | | |
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bhardh-ā- | beard | mjekër | | | | | barzda/bārda | | | barf | bards | bart/Bart | beard/beard | barðr | | | | | | | | barba | | | brada | broda | boroda | | | | | |
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moni | neck | qaf | | | | | | maniakys | muin/muinéal | mwnwgl | | mana/Mähne | manu/mane | mǫn | mannon | manya | | | | | | monīle | | | | | monisto | | | | | | |
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omesos | shoulder | sup | | | us | | | | | | ams | | | ass | ōmos | amsa | | | | | | umĕrus | | | | | | es/āntse | | | | | |
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k'ub- | shoulder | sup | | | | | | | | gogof | hups | huf/Hüfte | hype/hip | | kubos | śupti | | | supti | | /šāne | cubitus | | | | | | | | | | | |
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arm- | arm | krah | | | armunk/armung | irmo | | | lámh | | arms | arm/Arm | earm/arm | armr | arthron/ | irmas | | | | arm | | armus | | | ramo | ramię | | | | | | | |
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el- | elbow | brryl | | | olok/olog | | alkūnė/elkonis | elin | uillean | elin | aleina | elina/Elle | eln/ell | aln | alas/oleon | aratnis | | | | | | ulna | | | | | lokot' | | | | | | |
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dous- | forearm | parakrah | | | | | paduse | | doe | | | | | | | dos | | | daos | | | | | | | | pazuxa | | | | | | |
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g'hes- | hand | dorë | kessar | izre | dzer.k'/cer.k' | | pažastis/-- | | | | | | | | kheir | hastas | | düšt | zasta | | dasta/dæst | praesto | | | | | | | | | | | |
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men- | hand | dor | | | | | | | | | | munt/Vormund | mund/-- | | mane | | | | | | | manus | | | | | | | | | | | |
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onogh | nail | thuni | | | yeġung/yeġunk | | nāgas/nags | eguin | inga/ionga | ewin | | nagal/Nagel | næġel/nail | nagl | onohos; onux | anghri | | | nakhara | | /nāxun | unguis | | | noguti | | nogot' | | | | | | |
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psten- | breast | gji | | | stin/sdin | spenis | spenys/spenis | | sine/ | | | spunni/Spanferkel | spane/-- | speni | stēthos | stana | | | fštana | | pestan/sine | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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perk'- | rib | bri | | | | | pirsys | | | | | | | | | parsus | | | parsum | fars | | | | | persi | | | | | | | | |
---|
pog- | lap | prehr | | | | | paksis | | | | | | | | | paksas | | | | | | pectus | | | | | pax | passa | | | | | |
---|
onbh- | navel | krthiz | | | | nabis | naba | | imbliu/imleacán | | | nabalo/Nabel | nafela/navel | nafli | omphalos | nabhya | naf | | naba | | naf | umbilīcus | | | | | | | | | | | |
---|
udero- | belly | bark | | | | | vedaras/vēders | | | | | wanast/Wanst | | | otheros | udaram | | | udaras | | del | uterus; venter | | | vedro | | bedro | | | | | | |
---|
pizda | vulva | pith | | | | | pizda | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | pizda | | | | | | |
---|
put- | vulva | | | | | | puti | | | | | vut/Fotze | | futh | | | | | | | | pūtĕō | | | | | | | | | | | |
---|
pes- | penis | kar | | | | | | | | | | faselt/Fasel | fæsl/-- | fösull | peos | pasas | | | | | | pēnis | | | | | | | | | | | |
---|
org'hi- | testicle | herdhe | | | orjik/orčik | | arzus | | uirghe | | | | | | orkhis | | | | arazi | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
---|
ors- | arse | byth | arras | | or | | | | err/ | | | ars/Arsch | ærs/arse | ars | orrhos | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
---|
k'louni- | buttock | byth | | | | | | clun | | clun | | | | hlaun | | sroni | | slaunis | sraoni | | | clūnis | | | | | | | | | | | |
---|
kroksko | leg | krake | | | | | karka | cos | | | | | | | | kiskum | | | | | | | | | kraka | | okorok | | | | | | |
---|
ped- | foot | sput | pata | | ot-/votk'/vodk' | pe'da' | pėda/pēda | | | | fotus | fuoz/Fuß | fōt/foot | fótr | podi | padam | | | pâdha | fad/ | /pa | pēs/pedis | | per'i | pe'š | pieszy | pešij | pem./paiyye | | | | | |
---|
g'enu- | knee | guni | gienu | | cungkʿ/çunk | | | geno | glún/glúin | glin | kniu | kniu/Knie | cnēo/knee | kne | gonu | jānu | | | znum | zonyg | /zānu | genū | | | | | zveno | kanwem/kenī | | | Genua/Genava | | |
---|
kemək- | kneecup | | | | | | kenkle/cinksla | | | | | | hēla/heel | hæll | | kañkāla | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
---|
persna | heel | themr | parsina | | | | | | | | fairsna | fersana/Ferse | fiersn/-- | | ptera | parsni | | | | | | perna/pernis | | | | | | | | | | | |
---|
Body organs
| | Albanian | Anatolian | Armenian | Baltic | Celtic | Germanic | Hellenic | Indo-Iranian | Italic | Slavic | Tocharian | Other |
---|
Root | Meaning | Albanian | Hittite | Lycian | Armenian | Old Prussian | Lithuanian/Latvian | Gaulish | Irish | Welsh | Gothic | German | English | Old Norse | Greek | Sanskrit | Kashmiri (Dardic) | Kamviri (Nuristani) | Avestan | Ossetian | Persian | Latin | Oscan | Umbrian | Old Church Slavonic | Polish | Russian | Tocharian | Dacian | Old Macedonian | Illyrian | Phrygian | Thracian |
---|
kwrep- | body | shkrep | | | | | | | corp | corff | | href/ | hrif/midriff | | prapis | krapa | | | xrafstra | | | corpus | | | | | | | | | | | |
---|
nau- | corpse | | | | | nave | nawe | newyn | duine | | naus | not/ | néo-/-- | nár | | | | | | | | | | | navi | | nav'/onava | nut/naut | | | | | |
---|
pel- | skin | | | | | | pleinen | | | | | fel/Fell | filmen/film | feldr | pelos/pilon | | | | | | | pellis | | | | | pelena | | | | | | |
---|
tuakos | skin | | tuekkas | | | | | | craiceann | | | | | | sakos | tvacas | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
---|
(k)ost- | bone | asht | hastai | | oskr | | | | | asgwrn | | | | | ostoun | asthi | | ât.i | asti | | /ostexān | os; costa | | | kostĭ | kość | kost' | /ásta | | | | | |
---|
g'wiya | sinew | | | | jil/čil | | gysla/cīpsla | | | gewyn | | | | | bios | jya | | ja | jya | | | fīlum | | | žitsa | | žila | | | | | | |
---|
memso | flesh | mish | | | mis | mensa | | | | | mimz | | | | menisk | mamsam | maz | | | | | membrum | | | | | mjaso | misa | | | | | |
---|
kreu- | blood | | | | | | kraujas/ | | /crau/cru/ | crau | | rāo/roh | hrēaw/raw | hrár | kreas | kravis | | | kruva- | | | cruor | | | kruvi | krew | krov' | | | | | | |
---|
esr- | blood | | ešar | esêne- | ariun | | --/asinis | | | | | | | | eiar | asrak | | | | | | aser | | | | | | ysār/yasar | | | | | |
---|
mozgo | brain | | | | | muzgeno | | | | | | marg/Mark | mearg/marrow | mergr | | majjas | massunt | | mazga | | /maġz | | | | mozgu | mózg | mozg | mäs's'unt | | | | | |
---|
gwheleg'h- | gland | | | | geġdz/keġc | | geležuones/dziedzeris | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | eleza | | | | | | |
---|
reusmen- | throat | | | | | | | rhumen | | | | | | | | romantha | | | | | | rumen | | | | | | | | | | | |
---|
pleu-mon | lung | | | | | | plausas | | | | | | | | pleumōn | kloman | | | | | | | | | | płuco | pljuče | | | | | | |
---|
k'erd- | heart | | kir | kride | sird/sirt | seyr | širdis/sirds | craidd | cride/croidhe | craidd | hairto | herza/Herz | heorte/heart | hjarta | kardia | hr.daya | | zâra | zərədā | zærdæ | | cor | | | sreda | serce | serdce | kri/käryāñ | | | | | |
---|
yēkwr.- | liver | | | | | | jeknos/aknas | | ae | | | | | | hēpar | yaknas | | iâñi | yakar/jigar | | /jegar | jecur | | | | | ikra | | | | | | |
---|
spleng'h- | spleen | | | | p'aicaln | blusne | bluznis/ | | selg/ | | | | | | splēn | plihan | | pr.u | sparazan | | | liēn | | | slezena | | | | | | | | |
---|
g'hel- | gall | | | | | | | | | | | galla/Galle | galla/gall | gall | khole | | | | | | | fel | | | | żółć | elč | | | | | | |
---|
lendh- | kidney | | | | | | | | | | | /lenden | lendenu/-- | | | | | | | | | lumbus | | | | | ljadvie | | | | | | |
---|
gwelbh- | womb | | | | | | | | bhroin | | wamba | wamba/Wamme | wamb/womb | vomb | delphus | garbhas | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
---|
gwrebh- | womb | | | | | | | | /brommach | | | | | | brephos | | | | | | | | | | | | črevo | | | | | | |
---|
g'her- | bowels | | | | jar/čar | | zarna/ | | | | | garn/Garn | gearn/yarn | garn | horion | hirah | | | | | | hernia | | | | | | | | | | | |
---|
eter- | intestines | | | | anderk/anderg | | | | inathar/ | | | | | | entera | antram | | | | | | | | | jatro | wątroba | utroba | | | | | | |
---|
kakka | excrement | | | | kakor/gagor | | | | /cacc | cach | | /kacke | | | kakkao | | | | | | (isfa.)keke | cacare | | | | | kaka | | | | | | |
---|
Human feelings and qualities
| | Albanian | Anatolian | Armenian | Baltic | Celtic | Germanic | Hellenic | Indo-Iranian | Italic | Slavic | Tocharian | Other |
---|
Root | Meaning | Albanian | Hittite | Lycian | Armenian | Old Prussian | Lithuanian/Latvian | Gaulish | Irish | Welsh | Gothic | German | English | Old Norse | Greek | Sanskrit | Kashmiri (Dardic) | Kamviri (Nuristani) | Avestan | Ossetian | Persian | Latin | Oscan | Umbrian | Old Church Slavonic | Polish | Russian | Tocharian | Dacian | Old Macedonian | Illyrian | Phrygian | Thracian |
---|
men- | mind | men | | | mitk'/midk' | | mintis | | | | muns | /Minne | gemynd/mind | minni | menos | manas | | | manah- | | manesh | mens | | | mineti | | mnit' | | | | | | |
---|
aiw- | vital force | | | | | | | | | | | | aye/ever | | aiōn | ayuh | | | ayu | | | aevum | | | | | | aym | | | | | |
---|
swep- | sleep | gjumë | | | k'nel | | sapnas | | súan/són | hun | | | swefan/-- | svefn | hupnos | svapnas | | | xvafna | | xab/xoft | somnus | | | | | son | s.päm./s.pane | | | | | |
---|
an- | spirit | frym | | | anjn | | | anal | anam | anysbryd | andi | | eðian/-- | anda | anemos | anas | | | | | | anĭmal | | | vonja | | von' | | | | | | |
---|
g'eus- | taste | shije | | | | | | | guss/ | | kustus; kiusan | kiosan/kiesen | ċēosan/choose | kjosa | | josati | | | zaoso/zusto | | dauš-/ | gustus | | | | gust | | | | | | | |
---|
ters- | dry | ter | | | tsarav | | | | tirim | | þaursus | durst/Durst | þurst/thirst | þurr | tersesthai | tarsna | | | tarsu | | | terra | | | | | | | | | | | |
---|
sweid- | sweat | djersë | | | k'rtink'/k'rdink' | | /sviedri | | | chwys | | sweiz/Schweiß; swizzen/schwitzen | swāt/sweat; swætan/sweat | sveiti | hidros | svedate | | | xvaeda- | | xosh | sūdor | | | | | | | | | | | |
---|
dakru- | tear | lot | | | arc'unk' | | ašara/asara | | dēr/deór | deigryn | tagr | zahar/Zähre | tēar/tear | tār | dakru | aśru | | | asrū-azan | | | lacrĭma | | | | | | ākär/akrūna | | | | | |
---|
ghouros | fear | frik | | | | | | | /gure | | gaurs | graus | | | | ghoras | | | | | | | | | | | žurit' | | | | | | |
---|
ghers- | horror | | | | garsim/karsim | | grassa | | gruam | | | | | gersta | | | | | grahma | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
---|
trudes- | leprosy | grbult | | | | | truneti | | trosc/ | | trutsfill | | | | truo | | | | | | | trūdō | | | | | | | | | | | |
---|
Celestial terms
| | Albanian | Anatolian | Armenian | Baltic | Celtic | Germanic | Hellenic | Indo-Iranian | Italic | Slavic | Tocharian | Other |
---|
Root | Meaning | Albanian | Hittite | Lycian | Armenian | Old Prussian | Lithuanian/Latvian | Gaulish | Irish | Welsh | Gothic | German | English | Old Norse | Greek | Sanskrit | Kashmiri (Dardic) | Kamviri (Nuristani) | Avestan | Ossetian | Persian | Latin | Oscan | Umbrian | Old Church Slavonic | Polish | Russian | Tocharian | Dacian | Old Macedonian | Illyrian | Phrygian | Thracian |
---|
sawel- | sun | diell | | | | | saulė/saule | haul | suil/ | haul | sauil | sunna/Sonne | sunne/sun | sól | hēlios | suras | | su | hvar | xur | xur/xorshid | sōl | | | slunice | słońce | solnce | swāñce/swāñco | | | | | |
---|
mens- | moon/month | muaj | | | amis | | mėnulis/mēness; mėnuo/mėnesis | | mi/ | mis | mēna; menoþs | mano/Mond; mōnād/Monat | mōna/moon; mōnaþ/month | máni; mānaðr | mēn | masas | | mos | mahya | /mæj | māha/māh | mensis | | | měsęcĭ | miesiąc | mesjac | mañ/meñe | | | | | |
---|
ster- | star | yll | šittar | | astġ/asdġ | | | sterenn | | seren | stāirno | sterro/Stern | steorra/star | stjarna | astēr | tārā/strebhih/stṛ́ | | r.âšto | star- | sthaly/ | /setāre | stēlla | | | | | | śre/śćirye | | | | | |
---|
nebh- | sky/cloud | qiel | nepis | | | | debesis/debess | néal | | nef | | nebul/Nebel | nifol/-- | | nephos | nabhas | | niru | | | | nebŭlō | | | nebo | niebo | nebo | | | | | | |
---|
leuk- | light/bright | drit | lalukkes | luga | luys | lauxnas | laukas/lauks | leux | loscaim/loiscim | llug | liuhaþ | lioht/Licht | lēoht/light | leygr | leukos | rocate | | luka/r.uč | | | roxan | lūx | Lúvkis | Vuvçis | luci | | lug | luk | | | | | |
---|
telp- | space | hapsir | | | | | talpa | | /tallaim | talm | | | | | | talpas | | | | | | | | | | | tolpa | --/tälp- | | | | | |
---|
Times of day
| | Albanian | Anatolian | Armenian | Baltic | Celtic | Germanic | Hellenic | Indo-Iranian | Italic | Slavic | Tocharian | Other |
---|
Root | Meaning | Albanian | Hittite | Lycian | Armenian | Old Prussian | Lithuanian/Latvian | Gaulish | Irish | Welsh | Gothic | German | English | Old Norse | Greek | Sanskrit | Kashmiri (Dardic) | Kamviri (Nuristani) | Avestan | Ossetian | Persian | Latin | Oscan | Umbrian | Old Church Slavonic | Polish | Russian | Tocharian | Dacian | Old Macedonian | Illyrian | Phrygian | Thracian |
---|
aus- | dawn | ag | | | | | aušra/ausma | | fair | gwawr | | ōstra/Osten | ēast/east | austr | hēos | us.ās | | | ušastara | | | aurōra | | | | | utro | | | | | | |
---|
agh- | morn | gdhi | | | | | | | | | | | | | aige | ahem | | | | | | | | | | | jug | | | | | | |
---|
deien- | day | dit | | | tiv/div | | diena/diena | | die/dia/denus/ | dydd | sintīns | lengizin/Lenz | lencten/lent | | | dinam | | | | | | nundinae | | | dĭnĭ | dzień | den' | | | | | | |
---|
wes-pero- | evening | perndim | | | gišer/kišer | | vakaras/vakars | | /fescor | ucher | veig | | | | hesperos | | | | | | | vespera | | | | wieczór | večer | | | | | | |
---|
nekw-t- | night | natë | nekuz | | | naktin | naktis/nakts | nocht | innocht/anochd | nos | nahts | naht/Nacht | niht/night | nōtt | nuks | nakti | | | | | | nox | | | nosti | noc | noč' | nakcu/nekcīye | | | | | |
---|
Seasons
| | Albanian | Anatolian | Armenian | Baltic | Celtic | Germanic | Hellenic | Indo-Iranian | Italic | Slavic | Tocharian | Other |
---|
Root | Meaning | Albanian | Hittite | Lycian | Armenian | Old Prussian | Lithuanian/Latvian | Gaulish | Irish | Welsh | Gothic | German | English | Old Norse | Greek | Sanskrit | Kashmiri (Dardic) | Kamviri (Nuristani) | Avestan | Ossetian | Persian | Latin | Oscan | Umbrian | Old Church Slavonic | Polish | Russian | Tocharian | Dacian | Old Macedonian | Illyrian | Phrygian | Thracian |
---|
yēr- | year | | | | | | | | | | jer | jar/Jahr | gēar/year | ar | iros | | | | yare | | dušiyaram/ | hornus | | | jaro | | | | | | | | |
---|
wet- | year | | | | | | | | | | wiþrus | widar/Widder | weðer/wether | veðr | etos | vatsah | | | | | | vetus | | | | | | | | | | | |
---|
wes- | spring | | | | garun/karun | | vasara/ | var | | | | | | var | ear | vasantas | | vâsut | vanri | | /bahār | vēr | | | vesna | wiosna | vesna | | | | | | |
---|
sem- | summer | | | | amar. | | | sam | sam/ | haf | | sumar/Sommer | sumor/summer | sumar | | sama | | | ham | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
---|
osen- | harvest | | | | | assanis | | | | | asans | aran/Ernte | earnian/earn | önn | onopa | | | | | | | | | | | jesień | osen' | | | | | | |
---|
g'hei- | winter | dimër/dimën | gima- | | dzmer./cmer. | | žiema/ziemas | Giamillus | gheimhridh | gaeaf | | | | gōi | kheima | heman | | ze~ | zimo | | /zemestān//dai | hiems | | | zima | | zima | śärme/śimpriye | | | | | |
---|
Atmosphere
| | Albanian | Anatolian | Armenian | Baltic | Celtic | Germanic | Hellenic | Indo-Iranian | Italic | Slavic | Tocharian | Other |
---|
Root | Meaning | Albanian | Hittite | Lycian | Armenian | Old Prussian | Lithuanian/Latvian | Gaulish | Irish | Welsh | Gothic | German | English | Old Norse | Greek | Sanskrit | Kashmiri (Dardic) | Kamviri (Nuristani) | Avestan | Ossetian | Persian | Latin | Oscan | Umbrian | Old Church Slavonic | Polish | Russian | Tocharian | Dacian | Old Macedonian | Illyrian | Phrygian | Thracian |
---|
k'ewero- | northwind | | | | c'urt/c'urd | | šiaurys/-- | | | | skura | scūr/Schauer | scūr/shower | skūr | | | | | | | | caurus | | | severu | | sever | | | | | | |
---|
sneigh | snow | | | | | snaygis | sniegas/sniegs | | snigid/ | nyf | snaiws | snēo/Schnee | snāw/snow | snjor | nipha | snihyati | | | | | | nix | | | snegu | śnieg | sneg | | | | | | |
---|
grad- | hail | | | | karkut/gargut | | gruodas/-- | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | grando | | | | grad | grad | | | | | | |
---|
yeg- | ice | | | | | | iža/ieze | | aig/oighear | ia | | ichil/Gicht | gicel/icicle | jaki | | | | | | | | | | | | | ikra | | | | | | |
---|
ei-s- | ice | | | | | | | | | | | īs/Eis | īs/ice | íss | | | | | isu/aexa | ix | /yax | | | | | | inej | | | | | | |
---|
sneudh- | mist | | | | | | | nudd | | nudd | | | | | nuthon | | | | snaoda | | | nubes | | | | | | | | | | | |
---|
meldh- | lightning | | | | | mealde | milna/-- | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | molnija | | | | | | |
---|
Wholeness
| | Albanian | Anatolian | Armenian | Baltic | Celtic | Germanic | Hellenic | Indo-Iranian | Italic | Slavic | Tocharian | Other |
---|
Root | Meaning | Albanian | Hittite | Lycian | Armenian | Old Prussian | Lithuanian/Latvian | Gaulish | Irish | Welsh | Gothic | German | English | Old Norse | Greek | Sanskrit | Kashmiri (Dardic) | Kamviri (Nuristani) | Avestan | Ossetian | Persian | Latin | Oscan | Umbrian | Old Church Slavonic | Polish | Russian | Tocharian | Dacian | Old Macedonian | Illyrian | Phrygian | Thracian |
---|
solo- | whole | gjallë | | | olj/olč | | | | oll/ | holl | | | | | holos | sarvah | | sũdi | haurva- | | | sōlus | | | | cały | | salu/sol | | | | | |
---|
semi- | half | | | | | | | | | | sami- | sami/-- | sām-/sand-blind | | hēmisus | sami | | sâmaũ | | | | sēmis | | | | | | | | | | | |
---|
aiti- | part | | | | | | | aes | | | | | | | aitios-aisa | | | | aeta- | | | | aeteis | | | | | | | | | | |
---|
Terrain
| | Albanian | Anatolian | Armenian | Baltic | Celtic | Germanic | Hellenic | Indo-Iranian | Italic | Slavic | Tocharian | Other |
---|
Root | Meaning | Albanian | Hittite | Lycian | Armenian | Old Prussian | Lithuanian/Latvian | Gaulish | Irish | Welsh | Gothic | German | English | Old Norse | Greek | Sanskrit | Kashmiri (Dardic) | Kamviri (Nuristani) | Avestan | Ossetian | Persian | Latin | Oscan | Umbrian | Old Church Slavonic | Polish | Russian | Tocharian | Dacian | Old Macedonian | Illyrian | Phrygian | Thracian |
---|
dhg'em- | earth | dhè | tekan | | | same | žemė/zeme | | domhain | dyn | guma | gomo/Bräutigam | guma/bridegroom | gumi | khthōn | ks.a | za.min | | | zæxx/ | zam/zamin | humus | huntruis | hondomu | zemlja | ziemia | zemlja | tkam/kem. | | | | zemelo/zamelon | semela |
---|
akmon | stone | | | | | | akmen | | | | | hamar/Hammer | hamor/hammer | hamarr | akmōn | acma | | | asman | | | | | | kamy | kamień | kamen' | | | | | | |
---|
g'embh- | ledge->tooth | dhëmb/dhamb | | | camel/dzamel | | žambas/zobs | | | | | kamb/Kamm | camb/comb | kambr | gomphos | jambhas | kam/keme | zâmoa | | | | gemma | | | zǫbŭ | gęba/ząb | zub | | | kombous | | | |
---|
gwere | mount | gur | | | ler | | giria | | | | | | | | deiras | giris | | | gairi | | | | | | gora | góra | gora | | | | | | |
---|
agras | field | | | | art/ard | | | | | | akrs | achar/Acker | æcer/acre | akr | agros/agrestis | ajrah | | | | | | ager | | ager | | | | | | | | | |
---|
lendh- | steppe | | | | | lindan | | landa- | land/lann | llan | | lant/Land | land/land | land | | | | | | | | | | | ledina | | ljada | | | | | | |
---|
gues- | forest | gethi | | | | | | | | | | questa/-- | | | | guspita | | | | | | vespice | | | | | xvorost | | | | | | |
---|
leug- | puddle | legate | | | | | liugas | Lugu-dunum | | | | | | | lugaios | | | | | | | | | | | | luja | | | | lugas | | |
---|
lat- | swamp | | | | | | Latuva | Arelate | laith | llaid | | /letten | | | latas | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
---|
mori- | bog | | | | | mary | marios/mare | Aremorici | muir/muir | môr | mari; marei | mari/Meer; mersk/Marsch | mere/mere; mersc/marsh | marr | | maryada | | | | | | mare | | | | morze | more | | | | | | |
---|
laku- | pond | | | | lič/lij | | Lakajai | | loch/loch | | | lagu/-- | lagu/-- | | lakkos | | | | | | | lacus | | | | | | | | | | | |
---|
eg'hero- | lake | | | | | assaran | ežeras/ezers | | | | | | | | Akherōn | | | | | | | | | | ezero | jezioro | ozero | | | | oseriates | | |
---|
akwa- | river | ha | akwanzi | | | | upė/upe | | abhainn | | aha | aha/Ache | īg/island | á | | ap | | | | | | aqua | | | | | Oka | | | | | | |
---|
wedor | water | ujë | watar | | get/ked | wundan | vanduo/ūdens | | uisce/uisge | dŵr | watō | wazzar/Wasser | wæter/water | vatn | hudōr | udan- | odūr | | | | | unda | | utur | voda | woda | voda | war | | bedu | | bedu | udrēnas |
---|
poimno- | foam | | | | | | spainė/ | | | | | veim/Feim | fām/spiúma | | | phena | | | | fink | | pumex | | | pena | | pena | | | | | | |
---|
Fire
| | Albanian | Anatolian | Armenian | Baltic | Celtic | Germanic | Hellenic | Indo-Iranian | Italic | Slavic | Tocharian | Other |
---|
Root | Meaning | Albanian | Hittite | Lycian | Armenian | Old Prussian | Lithuanian/Latvian | Gaulish | Irish | Welsh | Gothic | German | English | Old Norse | Greek | Sanskrit | Kashmiri (Dardic) | Kamviri (Nuristani) | Avestan | Ossetian | Persian | Latin | Oscan | Umbrian | Old Church Slavonic | Polish | Russian | Tocharian | Dacian | Old Macedonian | Illyrian | Phrygian | Thracian |
---|
paəwr. | bonfire | | pahhur | | hur | | | | | | | fiur/Feuer | fyr/fire | furr | pur | pu | | | | | afruz/afruxt | | | pir | | | požar | por/pūwar | | | | | |
---|
egni- | fire | | agnis | | | | ugnis/uguns | | | | | | | | | agni | | | | | | ignis | | | ogn' | ogień | ogon' | | | | | | |
---|
dhu- | smoke | | | | | dumis | dūmai/dūmi | | dē/dumhach | dub | dauns | toup/toben | dōmian/dusk | daunn | thumos | dhumas | | | | | /dud | fumus | Mefit | | | dym | dym | twe/tweye | | | | | |
---|
pers- | dust | | pappars | | | | parsla/pīšļi | | | | | | | fors | | pr.sati | | | paršuya- | | | | | | perst' | | | pärs- | | | | | |
---|
Parts of trees
| | Albanian | Anatolian | Armenian | Baltic | Celtic | Germanic | Hellenic | Indo-Iranian | Italic | Slavic | Tocharian | Other |
---|
Root | Meaning | Albanian | Hittite | Lycian | Armenian | Old Prussian | Lithuanian/Latvian | Gaulish | Irish | Welsh | Gothic | German | English | Old Norse | Greek | Sanskrit | Kashmiri (Dardic) | Kamviri (Nuristani) | Avestan | Ossetian | Persian | Latin | Oscan | Umbrian | Old Church Slavonic | Polish | Russian | Tocharian | Dacian | Old Macedonian | Illyrian | Phrygian | Thracian |
---|
deru- | tree | dru/drû | taru | | car./dzar. | drawine | derva/dreve | Dervus | derucc/ | derwen; dâr | triu | | trēow/tree | trē | drus; drys | dāru/dāru | | dâa | dāuru | | /deraxt | durus | | | drěvo | drzewo | derevo | or | | | | | |
---|
g'hasto- | stick | | | | | | | | gass | | | | | | | | | | | | | hasta | | hostatu | | | | | | | | | |
---|
g'hazdho- | stick | | | | | | | | gat | | gazds | gart/Gart | gād/goad | gaddr | | | | | | | | | | | | | žedr' | | | | | | |
---|
k'ak- | branch | thekë | | | čyuġ/jyuġ | sagnis | šaka/saka | | gēc/gēag | | hōha | huohili/ | | | | śakha | | coa | | | | | | | | | soxa | | | | | | |
---|
dherghen- | thorn | | | | | | drignės/drigenes | | draigen/ | draen | | tirnpauma/dirnbaum | | | | drāks.a | | | | | | | | | | | deren | | | | | | |
---|
wred- | root | rrënjë | | | | | | | frém/fréamh | gwraidd | vaurts | wirz/Wurz | wyrt/wort | rōt | rhiza | vardhati | | | | | | rādīx | | | | | vred | | | | | | |
---|
gwetw | resin | | | | | | | bedwen | beithe | | | kuti/Kitt | cudu/cud | kvāða | | jatu | | | | | | bitūmen | | | | | | | | | | | |
---|
kel- | glue | | | | | | klejai | | | | | | | | kolla | | | | | | | | | | | klej | klej | | | | | | |
---|
Flora
| | Albanian | Anatolian | Armenian | Baltic | Celtic | Germanic | Hellenic | Indo-Iranian | Italic | Slavic | Tocharian | Other |
---|
Root | Meaning | Albanian | Hittite | Lycian | Armenian | Old Prussian | Lithuanian/Latvian | Gaulish | Irish | Welsh | Gothic | German | English | Old Norse | Greek | Sanskrit | Kashmiri (Dardic) | Kamviri (Nuristani) | Avestan | Ossetian | Persian | Latin | Oscan | Umbrian | Old Church Slavonic | Polish | Russian | Tocharian | Dacian | Old Macedonian | Illyrian | Phrygian | Thracian |
---|
bhāgo- | beech | | | | | | | Bāgācon|beith | | | buohha/Buche | bēce/beech | bōk | phugos | | | | | | | fāgus | | | | | buzina | | | | | | |
---|
perkwu- | oak | | | | | | perkunas | dair | | | foraha/Föhre | furh/fir | fura | | parkati | | | | | | quercus | | | | | | | | | | | |
---|
bhereg'- | birch | | | | | berse | beržas/bērzs | | | | | birihha/Birke | birce/birch | bjǫrk | | bhūrjah. | | | | bärz | | frāxinus | | | breza | | bereza | | | | | | berzas |
---|
klen- | maple | | | | | | klevas/kļava | kelyn | | kelyn | | | hlin/linn | hlynr | | | | | | | | | | | | | klen | | | klino-trokhon | | | |
---|
ol- | alder | | alanzan | | | aliskande | alksnis/ | alisa | | | | elira/Erle | alor/alder | alr | | | | | | | | alnus | | | | olcha | olxa | | | alixa | | | |
---|
os- | ash | ah | | | hachi | woasis | uosis/osis | | | onnen | | asc/Esche | æsc/ash | askr | oksua | | | | | | | ornus | | | | | osina | | | | | | |
---|
apsa | aspen | | | | | | opuse/ | | | | | aspa/Espe | æspe/aspen | ösp | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
---|
eywo- | yew | | | | aigi/aiki | | ieva/īve | iva | eo/ | ywen | | iwa/Eibe | īw/yew | yr | | | | | | | | | | | | | iva | | | | | | |
---|
grabh- | hornbeam/oak | | | | | | skroblas/skābardis | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Graboui | | | grab | | | grabion | | | |
---|
wyg'h- | elm | vidh | | | | | vinkšna/vilksna | | | | | | wice/Wych Elm | | | | | | viz (Kurdish) | | | | | | | | vjaz | | | | | | |
---|
g'heluna | pine | | | | jelun/čelun | | | | | | | | | giolnar | kheilos | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
---|
elwn- | cedar | | | | | | addle/egle | odocos | | | | | | | | | | | | | | ebulus | | | | | el' | | | | | | |
---|
koslo- | hazel | | | | | | kasulas | coll | coll/ | | | hasal/Hasel | hæsl/hazel | hasl | | | | | | | | corulus | | | | | | | | | | | |
---|
ar- | nut | arrë | | | | | | | | | | | | | arna | | | | | | | | | | | orzech | orex | | | | | | |
---|
abl- | apple | | | | | woble | obuolys/ābols | avallo | uball/ubhall | afal | | apful/Apfel | æppel/apple | eple | | abalas | | | | | | | | | janloko | jabłko | jabloko | | | | | | |
---|
ker- | cherry | | | | | | keras/kirna | | | ceiriosen | craf | | | | keradion | | | | | | | | | | | | čerenok/koren' | | | | | | |
---|
rap- | turnip | | | | | | rōpē/ | | | | | raba/Rübe | | | rhapus | | | | | | | rapum | | | repa | | repa | | | | | | |
---|
krem- | onion | | | | | | kermušē/cermauksis | | crem/creamh | | | | hramsan/ramson | | kremeon | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
---|
ōg- | berry | | | | | | uoga | | āirne | | akran | ēker/Ecker | æcern/acorn | akarn | | | | | | | | | | | vinjaga | | jagoda | oko | | | | | |
---|
mor- | blackberry | | muri | | mori | | | merwydden | /smēār | mwyar | | | | | moron | | | | | | | mōrum | | | | | | | | | | | |
---|
k'alam- | reed | | | | | salme | /salms | | | | | halm/Halm | healm/haulm | halmr | kalamos | | | | | | | culmus | | | | | soloma | kulmãm.ts | | | | | |
---|
koino- | grass | | | | xot/xod | | šienas/siens | | | | | | | | koina | | | | | | | | | | | | seno | | | | | | |
---|
Insects
| | Albanian | Anatolian | Armenian | Baltic | Celtic | Germanic | Hellenic | Indo-Iranian | Italic | Slavic | Tocharian | Other |
---|
Root | Meaning | Albanian | Hittite | Lycian | Armenian | Old Prussian | Lithuanian/Latvian | Gaulish | Irish | Welsh | Gothic | German | English | Old Norse | Greek | Sanskrit | Kashmiri (Dardic) | Kamviri (Nuristani) | Avestan | Ossetian | Persian | Latin | Oscan | Umbrian | Old Church Slavonic | Polish | Russian | Tocharian | Dacian | Old Macedonian | Illyrian | Phrygian | Thracian |
---|
morwi- | ant | morr | | | mrjiun/mrčiun | | merva | | moirb | | | | | maurr | murmēs | vamras | | | maoiri | | /mour | formica | | | mravie | mrówka | muravej | | | | | | |
---|
bhei- | bee | bletë | | | | bitte | bitis | becos | bech/bech | begegyr | | bīa/Biene | bēo/bee | bǖn/bý | | | | | | | | fūcus | | | | pszczoła | pčela | | | | | | |
---|
wopsa | wasp | | | | | | vapsa/ | guahi | foich/ | | | wafsa/Wespe | wæps/wasp | | | gvabz | | ušpik | vawzaka | | | vespa | | | vosa | | osa | | | | | | |
---|
mu- | fly | mizë | | | mun | | muse | | | | | mucka/Mücke | mycg/midge | mý | muia | | ma.čh | | | | /magas | musca | | | | mucha | muxa | | | | | | |
---|
blousa | flea | plesht | | | lu | | blusa | | | | | | | | psulla | plus.i | | | | | | pulex | | | | | bloxa | | | | | | |
---|
knid- | louse | thërijë | | | anic/anidz | | gnida | nedd | | | | gneis | | | konis | | | | | | | | | | | | gnida | | | | | | |
---|
kwr.mi- | grub | krimb | | | | | kirmis/cērme | | cruim/ | pryf | | | | | | krmi | | | | kalm | /kirm | | | | čermnyi | | červ' | | | | | | |
---|
Water animals
| | Albanian | Anatolian | Armenian | Baltic | Celtic | Germanic | Hellenic | Indo-Iranian | Italic | Slavic | Tocharian | Other |
---|
Root | Meaning | Albanian | Hittite | Lycian | Armenian | Old Prussian | Lithuanian/Latvian | Gaulish | Irish | Welsh | Gothic | German | English | Old Norse | Greek | Sanskrit | Kashmiri (Dardic) | Kamviri (Nuristani) | Avestan | Ossetian | Persian | Latin | Oscan | Umbrian | Old Church Slavonic | Polish | Russian | Tocharian | Dacian | Old Macedonian | Illyrian | Phrygian | Thracian |
---|
dhg'hu- | fish | | | | dzuk/cug | | žuvis/zivs | | | | | | | | ikhthus | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
---|
peisk- | fish | | | | | | | | /iasc | pysgodyn | fisks | fisc/Fisch | fisc/fish | fiskr | | | | | | | | piscis | | | | piskorz | piskar' | | | | | | |
---|
laks- | salmon | | | | | lalasso | lašiša/lasis | | | | | lahs/Lachs | leax/-- | lax | | | | | | | | | | | | losos | losos' | laks/läks | | | | | |
---|
angwi- | eel | | | | | | angis/angurgis | | ung/ | | | unc | | | egkhelus | | | | | | | anguis | | | | | už/ugor' | | | | | | |
---|
konkho- | shell | | | | | | | | | | | | | | konkhos | sankha | | | | | | conguius | | | | koncha | | | | | | | |
---|
wr.mi- | worm | | | | vord/vort | wormyan | varmas/-- | | | gwraint | waurms | wurm/Wurm | wyrm/worm | ormr | rhomos | | | | | | | vermis | | | vermie | | | | | | | | |
---|
Birds
| | Albanian | Anatolian | Armenian | Baltic | Celtic | Germanic | Hellenic | Indo-Iranian | Italic | Slavic | Tocharian | Other |
---|
Root | Meaning | Albanian | Hittite | Lycian | Armenian | Old Prussian | Lithuanian/Latvian | Gaulish | Irish | Welsh | Gothic | German | English | Old Norse | Greek | Sanskrit | Kashmiri (Dardic) | Kamviri (Nuristani) | Avestan | Ossetian | Persian | Latin | Oscan | Umbrian | Old Church Slavonic | Polish | Russian | Tocharian | Dacian | Old Macedonian | Illyrian | Phrygian | Thracian |
---|
awi- | bird | | | | hav | | | hwyad | | | | | | | aetos | vih | | | avayas | | | avis | | | | | | | | | | | |
---|
eor- | eagle | oror | haras | | arciv/ardziv | | erēlis/ērglis | er | irar/iolar | eryr | ara | arn/Aar | earn/erne | ǫrn | ornis | | | | | | | | | | orilu | orzeł | orel | | | | | | |
---|
worn- | raven | | | | | | varna | brana | | bran | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | vorona | --/wrauña | | | | | |
---|
qor- | raven | | | | | | krauklys/ | | | | | hraban/Rabe | hræfn/raven | hrafn | koraks | | | | | | | corvus | | | | | | | | | | | |
---|
trozdos | thrush | | | | | | strazdas/ | | truid | drudwy | | droscala/Drossel | þrysce/thrush | þröstr | | | | | | | | turdus | | | drozgu | | drozd | | | | | | |
---|
aneti- | duck | | | | | | ántis | | | | | anut/Ente | ened/-- | ǫnd | | atih | | | | | | anas | | | | | utie | | | | | | |
---|
g'hans- | goose | | | | | sansy | žąsis/zoss | | geiss/--; géd/gé | gŵydd | gansus | gans/Gans | gōs/goose | gās | khen | haṃsá | | | zā | x'az | /gaz | ānser | | | | gęś | gus' | | | | | | |
---|
teter- | grouse | | | | tatrakm | tatarwis | teterva/teteris | | tethra/ | | | | | þiðurr | tetraōn | tittiras | | | | | /tadarv | | | | | | teterev | | | | | | |
---|
sperg- | sparrow | | | | | spurglis | | | | | sparwa | sparo/Sperling | spearwa/sparrow | spörr | sparasion | | | | | | /parasto | parra | | | | | | s.pār/s.pāra- | | | | | |
---|
ger- | crane | | | | kerunk | gerwe | garnis/ | | | garan | | krano/Kranich | cran/crane | trana | geranos | | | | | | | grūs | | | | | žuravl' | | | | | | |
---|
petra- | wings | | pittar | | | | | | | eterin | | fedara/Feder | feðer/feather | fjǫðr | pteryx/ | patram | | | | | /par | penna | | | pero | | | | | | | | |
---|
niz-do | nest | | | | nist | | | | net/net | nyth | | nest/Nest | nest/nest | | | nidas | | | | | | nīdus | | | gnezdo | gniazdo | gnezdo | | | | | | |
---|
Beasts
| | Albanian | Anatolian | Armenian | Baltic | Celtic | Germanic | Hellenic | Indo-Iranian | Italic | Slavic | Tocharian | Other |
---|
Root | Meaning | Albanian | Hittite | Lycian | Armenian | Old Prussian | Lithuanian/Latvian | Gaulish | Irish | Welsh | Gothic | German | English | Old Norse | Greek | Sanskrit | Kashmiri (Dardic) | Kamviri (Nuristani) | Avestan | Ossetian | Persian | Latin | Oscan | Umbrian | Old Church Slavonic | Polish | Russian | Tocharian | Dacian | Old Macedonian | Illyrian | Phrygian | Thracian |
---|
g'hwer- | beast | | | | | | zveris/ | | | | | | | | ther | | | | | | | ferus | | | zveri | zwierzę | zver' | | | | | | |
---|
maghos | young animal | makth | | | | | mac | Magu-rix | maug/ | meudwy | magus | magad/Magd | mægð/maid | mær | | | | | maghava | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
---|
s-tauro | bison | | | | | tauris | tauras/tauriņš | tarbh | tarw | stiur | stior/Stier | steor/steer | stjorr | tauros | | | | staora | | | taurus | | | turu | | tur | | | | | | |
---|
r.tk'o- | bear | ari | | | arj/arč | | | art | | arth | | | | | arktos | rksa | | ic | xirs | ars | | ursus | | | | | | | | | | | |
---|
wl.kwo- | wolf | ujk-ulk | | | gayl/kayl | wilkis | vilkas/vilks | vail | faol | | wulfs | wolf/Wolf | wulf/wolf | ūlfr | lukos | vr.ka | | | vehrka- | | varka/gorg | lupus | | | vluku | wilk | volk | --/walkwe | | | | | |
---|
epero- | boar | | | | | | Vepriai/vepris/vepris | | | | | ebur/Eber | eofor/-- | | | vapati | | | | | | aper/vepres | | apruf | | | vepr' | | | | | | |
---|
bhi-bhru | beaver | | | | | bebrus | bebras/bebrs | Bibrax | | befer | | bibar/Biber | beofer/beaver | bjōrr | | babhrus | | | bawra | | | fiber | | | | bóbr | bobr | | | | | | |
---|
udras | otter | | | | | | udra/udris | | /odar; uydr//odoirne/ | | | ottar/Otter | oter/otter | otr | hudros | udras | | | udra | | | lutra | | | vydra | wydra | vydra | | | | | | |
---|
wewer- | squirrel | | | | | | vaveris/vāvere | | | gwywer | | eihhurno/Eichhorn | ācweorna/-- | īkorni | | | | | | | /varvarah | vīverra | | | | wiewiórka | veverica | | | | | | |
---|
eg'hi- | hedgehog | | | | ozni | | ežys/ezis | | gráinneóg | | | igil/Igel | igil/-- | īgul | ekhinos | | | | | wyzyn | | | | | | jeż | ež | | | | | eksis/eksis | |
---|
netr- | snake | | | | | | | nathir/neidr | nathir/ | neidr | nadrs | natara/Natter | naeddre/adder | naðr | | | | | | | | natrix | | | | | | | | | | | |
---|
mūs- | mouse | mi | | | muk/mug | | muse/ | | | | | mūs/Maus | mūs/mouse | mūs | mūs | mūs. | | musa | mus | | /muš | mūs | | | mysu | mysz | myš' | | | | | | |
---|
Home animals
| | Albanian | Anatolian | Armenian | Baltic | Celtic | Germanic | Hellenic | Indo-Iranian | Italic | Slavic | Tocharian | Other |
---|
Root | Meaning | Albanian | Hittite | Lycian | Armenian | Old Prussian | Lithuanian/Latvian | Gaulish | Irish | Welsh | Gothic | German | English | Old Norse | Greek | Sanskrit | Kashmiri (Dardic) | Kamviri (Nuristani) | Avestan | Ossetian | Persian | Latin | Oscan | Umbrian | Old Church Slavonic | Polish | Russian | Tocharian | Dacian | Old Macedonian | Illyrian | Phrygian | Thracian |
---|
k'won- | dog | shakë | śuwanis | | šun | sunis | šuo/suns | cuna | cū/cú | ci | hunds | hunt/Hund | hund/hound | hundr | kuon/cynic | śvan | hūn | | spā | | | canis | | | | | suka | ku | kinu- | | | kunes | dinu- |
---|
ek'wo- | horse | | aśuwas | esbe- | ēš | | ašva/āži | epo | ech | ebol | | | eoh/-- | | hippos | aśva | | ušpa | | | aspa/asb | equus | | | | | | yuk/yakwe | | | | es' | esvas |
---|
gwou- | cow/bull | | | | kov/gov | | --/guovs | | bō/bo | | | kuo/Kuh | cū/cow | kú | bous | gaus | gāv | go | | | --/gāv | | buv- | bum | | | govjado | ko/keŭ | | | | | |
---|
lōp- | cow | lopë | | | | | | | lāeg | llo | | | | | | | | | | | | /lops | | | | | | | | | | | |
---|
uksin- | ox, bull | | | | | | | | | | auhsa/ych | ohso/Ochse | oxa/ox | oxi | | uksa | | | uxshan- | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
---|
su- | swine | thi | | | | | --/sivēns | | socc/ | hwch | | sū/Sau | sū/sow | sú | hus | sukaras | | | | | | sūs | | sif | | świnia | svin | --/suwo | | | | | |
---|
pork'o- | farrow | | | | | parstian | paršas/-- | | orc | | | farh/Ferkel | fearh/farrow | | porkos | | | | purs | | | porcus | | | | | porosja | | | | | | |
---|
ag'- | goat | | | | | | ozys | | ag/agh | | | | | | | ajah | | | azak | | | | | | jazno | | koza | | | | | | |
---|
owi- | sheep | | hawi- | | hoviv | | avis | | ōi/ | ewig | | | ēowu/ewe | | ois | avika | | | | | | ovis | | | | owca | ovca | --/āuw | | | | | |
---|
agwhno- | lamb | | | | | | | | ūan/uan | oen | | | eanian/yean | | amnos | | | | | | | agnus | | habina | yagn' | jagnię | agnec | | | | | | |
---|
kat- | cub | | | | | | | | | | | | | hathna | | | | | | | | catulus | | katel | | | vykot | | | | | | |
---|
k'er- | horned one | | | | | | karve | cornach | | | hiruz/Hirsch | heorot/hart | hjörtr | keraos | | | | | | | cervus | | | krava | | korova | | | | | | |
---|
Animal products
| | Albanian | Anatolian | Armenian | Baltic | Celtic | Germanic | Hellenic | Indo-Iranian | Italic | Slavic | Tocharian | Other |
---|
Root | Meaning | Albanian | Hittite | Lycian | Armenian | Old Prussian | Lithuanian/Latvian | Gaulish | Irish | Welsh | Gothic | German | English | Old Norse | Greek | Sanskrit | Kashmiri (Dardic) | Kamviri (Nuristani) | Avestan | Ossetian | Persian | Latin | Oscan | Umbrian | Old Church Slavonic | Polish | Russian | Tocharian | Dacian | Old Macedonian | Illyrian | Phrygian | Thracian |
---|
owye- | egg | ve-vo | | | | | | oi | ubh | ŵy | | /Ei | ææg/Cockney | egg | oion | | | | aia->aika | | | avis/ovum | | | | | jajco | | | | | | |
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melit | honey | mjaltë | milit | | meġr | | | mel | mil/ | mêl | | milltou/Mehltau | mildēaw/mildew | | melitos | | | | | | | mel/mellis/mulsus | | | | | | | | | | | |
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medhu- | mead | | | | | | medus/ | | mid/ | medd | | Metu/Met | meodu/mead | mjǫðr | methu | madhu | | mura | madu | | | | | | medu | miód | med | mit | | | | | |
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alu-d | beer | | | | | | alus | | | | | | ealu/ale | öl | aleupon | | | | | | | alumen | | | ol | | | | | | | | |
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glag- | milk | | galank | | | | | | | | | | | | gala | | | | | | | lac | | | | | | | | | | | |
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ksweid- | milk | | | | | | sviestas/sviests | | | | | | | | | ksvidyati | | | xšvīd | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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selp- | butter | gjalpë | salpa- | | | | | | | | salbon | salba/Salbe | sealf/salve | | helpos | sarpis | | | | carv/ | /čarbi | | | | | | | s.älyp/s.alype | | | | | |
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suro- | cheese | hirrë | | | | | suras | | | | | | | surr | | | | | | | | | | | | ser | syr | | | | | | |
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smeru- | grease | | | | | | smarsas/ | smer- | smiur/ | mer | | smero/Schmer | smerian/smear | smyrva | smuris | | | | | | | medulla | | | | | | /s.mare | | | | | |
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moisos | hide | | | | | | maisas | | | | | | | meiss | | mesas | | | maesi->mes | | | | | | | | mex | | | | | | |
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wlna | wool | | hulana | | | | vilna/ | | | gwlan | wulla | wolla/Wolle | wull/wool | ull | lenos | urna | | | varena | | | vellus | | | vluna | | vulna | | | | | | |
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k'ern- | horn | | | | | | | | | corn | haurn | horn/Horn | horn/horn | horn | keras | crengam | | s.iN | srva | | | cornus | | | | | serna | | | | | | |
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Vegetable food
| | Albanian | Anatolian | Armenian | Baltic | Celtic | Germanic | Hellenic | Indo-Iranian | Italic | Slavic | Tocharian | Other |
---|
Root | Meaning | Albanian | Hittite | Lycian | Armenian | Old Prussian | Lithuanian/Latvian | Gaulish | Irish | Welsh | Gothic | German | English | Old Norse | Greek | Sanskrit | Kashmiri (Dardic) | Kamviri (Nuristani) | Avestan | Ossetian | Persian | Latin | Oscan | Umbrian | Old Church Slavonic | Polish | Russian | Tocharian | Dacian | Old Macedonian | Illyrian | Phrygian | Thracian |
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g'rə-no- | corn | | | | | syrne | žirnis/zirnis | | grán | grawn | kaurn | korn/Korn | corn/corn | korn | | jirnas | | | | | xarman | grānum | | | | ziarno | zerno | | | | | | |
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peluos | flour | | | | | pelwo | pelūs/pelus | | | | | | | | | palavas | | | | | | palea | | | | | polova | | | | | | |
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bhares | spelt | | | | | | | | | bara | barizīns | | bærlic/barley | barr | | | | | | | | farina | far | far | brašno | | | | | | | brisa | |
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puro- | crops | | | | | | puras/ | | | | | | fyrs/furze | | puros | puras | | | | | | | | | | | pyrej | | | | | | |
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yewo- | wheat | | ewa- | | | | javas/jauja | | eorna/ | | | | | | zeia | yavas | | | yavanha | | /jav | | | | | | ovin | | | | | | |
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urughya | rye | | | | | rugis | rugys/rudzi | | | | | roggo/Roggen | ryge/rye | rugr | | | | | | | | | | | | | rož | | | | | | |
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gherzdh- | barley | drithë | | | | | | | | | | /Gerste | | | kri | | | | | | | hordeum | | | | | | | | | | | |
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awig'- | oats | | | | | wyse | aviža/auza | | | | | | āte/oat | | aigilops | avasam | | | | | | avēna | | | | | ovës | | | | | | |
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bhabha | bean | bathë | | | | babo | | | | ffâen | | bona/Bohne | bēan/bean | baun | | | | | | | | faba | | | | | bob | | | | | | |
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eregwo- | pea | | | | | | | | orbaind/ | | | arawīg/erbse | | | orobos | | | | | | | ervum | | | | | | | | | | | |
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k'iker | pea | | | | siser.in | | kekē/ | | | | | | | | krios | | | | | | | cicer | | | | | | | | | | | |
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Other products
| | Albanian | Anatolian | Armenian | Baltic | Celtic | Germanic | Hellenic | Indo-Iranian | Italic | Slavic | Tocharian | Other |
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Root | Meaning | Albanian | Hittite | Lycian | Armenian | Old Prussian | Lithuanian/Latvian | Gaulish | Irish | Welsh | Gothic | German | English | Old Norse | Greek | Sanskrit | Kashmiri (Dardic) | Kamviri (Nuristani) | Avestan | Ossetian | Persian | Latin | Oscan | Umbrian | Old Church Slavonic | Polish | Russian | Tocharian | Dacian | Old Macedonian | Illyrian | Phrygian | Thracian |
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lino- | flax | lini | | | | | linas | | lin/ | llin | lein | lin/Leinen | lin/linen | lin | linon | | | | | | | linum | | | | | len | | | | | | |
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sali- | salt | gjelbson | | | aġ | | /sāls | | salann/ | halen | salt | /Salz | sealt/salt | salt | als | | | | | | | sāl | | salu | soli | sól | sol' | --/salyiye | | | | | |
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g'hel- | gold | | | | | sealtmeno | želta/zelts | geal (bright) | | gulþ | gold/Gold | gold/gold | gull | | hiran.ya | | | zaranya- | | daraniya-/ | helvus | | | zlato | złoto | zlato | | | | | glunea | |
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ayes- | metal | | | | | | | Isarnodori | iarn/iarann | haearn | aiz | er/Erz | ār/ore | eir | | ayas | | | ayaNh | | /ahan | aes | | ahesnes | | | | | | | | | |
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| | Albanian | Anatolian | Armenian | Baltic | Celtic | Germanic | Hellenic | Indo-Iranian | Italic | Slavic | Tocharian | Other |
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Root | Meaning | Albanian | Hittite | Lycian | Armenian | Old Prussian | Lithuanian/Latvian | Gaulish | Irish | Welsh | Gothic | German | English | Old Norse | Greek | Sanskrit | Kashmiri (Dardic) | Kamviri (Nuristani) | Avestan | Ossetian | Persian | Latin | Oscan | Umbrian | Old Church Slavonic | Polish | Russian | Tocharian | Dacian | Old Macedonian | Illyrian | Phrygian | Thracian |
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aguesi | axe | | | | | | | | | | | /Axt | æx/axe | øx | adzi | | | | | | | ascia | | | | | | | | | | | |
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arqu- | bow | | | | | | ercis | | | | arhuazna | | arwe/arrow | örvar | arkeuthos | arkas | | | | | | arcus | | | | | rakita | | | | | | |
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aik- | spear/pike | | | | | ayculo/aysmis | | | | | | | | | aikloi/iktea/aihun | | | | isar | | | ico/icere | | | | | igla | | | | | | |
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ke(n)g- | hook | | | | | | kenge | | cheng | | | /Haken | hoc/hook | haki | | | | | | | | | | | | | kogot' | | | | | | |
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skeb- | knife | | | | | | skabus | | | | | /Schaff | | skepja | | | | | | | | scabere | | | | | skoblit' | | | | | | |
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skap- | tool | kep | | | | | skaplis/kapas | | | | | skaft/ | | | skopelos/kopos | | | | | | | capus | | | | | skopit/kopat | | | | | | |
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mat- | hack | | | | | | | matog | | matog | | modela | | | | matyam | | | | | | mateola | | | | | motyka | | | | | | |
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mak- | pouch | | | | | dantimax | makas/maks | | mēn/ | megin | | mago/Magen | maga/maw | magi | | | | | | | | | | | mosina | | mošna | | | | | | |
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tark- | spindle | | | | | tarkue | | torc | | | | drahsil/ | | | atraktos | tarkus | | | | | | torqueo | | | | | torok | tark | | | | | |
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gweri- | millstone | | | | yerkan/yergan | | | breuan | | | | kuerna/ | cweorn/quern | kvern | | gravan | | | | | | girna | | | | | ernov | | | | | | |
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yeug- | yoke | | jugan | | luc/ludz | | jungas/jūgs | iou | | iau | juk | joh/Joch | geoc/yoke | ok | zugos | yugam | | iu | jug | | /yoġ | jugum | | | igo | | igo | yuk- | | | | | |
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kwel- | wheel/chariot | sjell | | | | kelan | kelis/celis | | cul/-- | | | | hwēol/wheel | hjōl | kuklos | cakram | | | čaxra | calx/ | čarka/čarx | colus | | | | koło | koleso | kukäl/kokale | | | | | |
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rot- | wheel | rrath | | | | | ratas/rats | Rotomagus | /rath | rhod | | rad/Rad | rodur/ | | | ratha | | | ratho | | | rota | | | | | | | | | | | |
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nau- | ship | anije | | | nav | | | | nau/ | noe | | | nōwend/-- | nōr | naus | nāuh. | | | navāza | nau/ | /nav/nāviyā/ | navis | | | | | | | | | | | |
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bak- | staff | | | | | | | | bacc/bac | bach | | | | | bakton | | | | | | | baculum | | | | | | | | | | | |
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Dwelling
| | Albanian | Anatolian | Armenian | Baltic | Celtic | Germanic | Hellenic | Indo-Iranian | Italic | Slavic | Tocharian | Other |
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Root | Meaning | Albanian | Hittite | Lycian | Armenian | Old Prussian | Lithuanian/Latvian | Gaulish | Irish | Welsh | Gothic | German | English | Old Norse | Greek | Sanskrit | Kashmiri (Dardic) | Kamviri (Nuristani) | Avestan | Ossetian | Persian | Latin | Oscan | Umbrian | Old Church Slavonic | Polish | Russian | Tocharian | Dacian | Old Macedonian | Illyrian | Phrygian | Thracian |
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dem- | house | | | | tun/dun | | dimstis/ | | | tŷ | | zimbar/Zimmer | timber/timber | timbr | domos | damas | | u dâmoa | dam | | | domus | | | | | dom | | | | | | |
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treb- | dwelling | | | | | | trōba/traba | | dīthrub/ | treb/tref | þaúrp | dorf/Dorf | þorp/thorp | ðorp/þorp | teremnon | | | | | | | trabēs | triibum | tremnu | | | | | | | | | |
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rebh- | roof | | | | | | | | | | | ribba/Rippe | ribb/rib | rif | erepho | | | | | | | | | | | | rebro | | | | | | |
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ghrendh- | beam | | | | | | grindis/grida | | | | | grindil/ | grindel/ | grind | | | | ugr.a | | | | grunda | | | | grzęda | grjada | | | | | | |
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kantho- | corner | | | | | | | kantem | | | cant | | | | kanthos | | | | | | | cantus | | | | kąt | -kut- | | | | | | |
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ank- | angle | | hink | | | | anka/āķis | | ēcath/ | anghad | | ango/ | | angi | ogkos | ankas | | | anku-pəsəmna | ængur | | ancus | | | | | ugol | | | | | | |
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dhwer- | door | derë | | | dur./tur. | | durys/durvis | doro | dorus/doras | dôr | daur | turi/Tür | duru/door | dyrr | thura | dvaras | | du | | | duvar-/dar | fores | | furo/foro | | drzwi | dver' | --/twere | | | | | |
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g'her- | fence | gardh | | | | | gardas/aizgalds | | gort/ | garth | | garto/Garten | geard/yard | garðr | khortos | grahas | | | | | | hortus | | | grad | | erd' | | | | | gordum | |
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pent- | road | | | | hun | pintis | | | /ēs | | | findan/finden | findan/find | finna | pontos/patos | panthās | | put | fandag/pantā | | | pōns/pontis | | | | | put' | | | | | | |
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bherg'h- | fort | | parku- | | bardzut'iun/partsut'iun | | | Bergusia | brī/ | bre | baírgahī | burg/Burg; berg/Berg | burg/borough; beorg/barrow | borg/bjarg | | brahant | | | brzant- | | /baru | | | | | | bereg | pärk- | | | | | bergas |
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Social terms
| | Albanian | Anatolian | Armenian | Baltic | Celtic | Germanic | Hellenic | Indo-Iranian | Italic | Slavic | Tocharian | Other |
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Root | Meaning | Albanian | Hittite | Lycian | Armenian | Old Prussian | Lithuanian/Latvian | Gaulish | Irish | Welsh | Gothic | German | English | Old Norse | Greek | Sanskrit | Kashmiri (Dardic) | Kamviri (Nuristani) | Avestan | Ossetian | Persian | Latin | Oscan | Umbrian | Old Church Slavonic | Polish | Russian | Tocharian | Dacian | Old Macedonian | Illyrian | Phrygian | Thracian |
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teutā- | tribe | | tuzzi- | tuta | | toda | tauta/ | teuto | tuath/ | | þiuda | diutisc/Deutsch | þeoð/-- | | | | | | | | tudeh | tōtus | touta | tota | | | | | | | teuta | | |
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leudh- | people | | | | | | liaudis/ļaudis | | luss/ | | | liut/Leute | lēod/-- | ljóðr | eleutheros | rodhati | | | raoda- | | | liber | | | | lud | liud | | | | | | |
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weik- | village | vis | | | | | viešas/viesis | | | | | weihs/ | wic/ | | oikos | vic | | | vis | | | vicus | | | | wieś | ves' | | | | | | |
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reg- | ruler | | | | | | | rix/recto|rí | | raihts | reht/recht | riht/right | réttr | oregein | rajah | | | | | | rex/regere | | | | | | | | | | | |
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ner- | power | njer | | | | | noras/ | neart | | | | | | neuron | nar | | | | | niru | nervus | | | | | nrav | | | | | | |
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yewes | law | | | | | | | | huisse/ | | | | | | | yoh | | | yaozda | | | jus | | | | | | | | | | | |
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ala | greeting | | | | | | aluoti | | | | | /Hallo | /hello | | alala | alala | | | | | | | | | | | ole | | | | | | |
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peku- | wealth/cattle | pilë | | | | pecku | pekus | | | | faihu | fihu/Vieh | feoh/fee | fé | pekto | pasu | | | pasu | | pak | pecus/pecunia | | | | | | | | | | | |
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mizdho- | fee | | | | | | | | | | mizdo | /miete | | | misthos | midham | | | mizdam | | mozd | | | | | | mzda | | | | | | |
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wesno- | price | | ussaniya | | gin/kin | | | | | | | | | | honos | vasnam | | | | | | venum | | | veno | | | | | | | | |
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k'at- | quarrel | | | | | | | catu|cathú | | | /Hass | hatian/hate | hatr | | catrus/satayati | | | | | | | | | kotora | | | | | | | | |
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koro- | war | | | | | | karas | cuire | cath | | | /Heer | herebeorg/harbour | herr | koiranos | | | | kara | | karzar | | | | | | kara | | | | | | |
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weik'- | victory | | | | | | veikti/veikt | | fichim | | | wigan/-- | | veig | | | | | | | | vincere | | | | | vek | | | | | | |
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deiw-os | god, i.e. 'shining' | | | | | | dievas/dievs | deus | Día | duw | Tyz | Ziu/-- | Tiw/Tuesday | Týr | theos-Zeus | devas | | di | | | | deus | | | | | divo | | | | | tios | |
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bal | power, strength | | | | | | | | odbal/ | | | | | | beltión | bala | | bâlim | | | | bilis | | | | | bolee | | | | | | |
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Verbs
| | Albanian | Anatolian | Armenian | Baltic | Celtic | Germanic | Hellenic | Indo-Iranian | Italic | Slavic | Tocharian | Other |
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Root | Meaning | Albanian | Hittite | Lycian | Armenian | Old Prussian | Lithuanian/Latvian | Gaulish | Irish | Welsh | Gothic | German | English | Old Norse | Greek | Sanskrit | Kashmiri (Dardic) | Kamviri (Nuristani) | Avestan | Ossetian | Persian | Latin | Oscan | Umbrian | Old Church Slavonic | Polish | Russian | Tocharian | Dacian | Old Macedonian | Illyrian | Phrygian | Thracian |
---|
bheue- | to be | | | | | | buti/ | | bi'u/ | bod | im | bim/bin | bēon/be | | phu- | bhū | | bu | | | bi/bud | fui/futuros | | | byti | być | byt' | | | | | | |
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es- | to be | është/âsht | asa | | ē | | esti/ | | | | ist | ist/ist | is/is | es | esti | asti | | | asti | | astiy/ast | est | | sent | jesti | jest | est' | s.e/s.ei | | | | | |
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g'enə- | to give birth | | | | | | gentis/ | geno- | ro-genar/ | geni | kuni | kind/Kind | cyn/kin | kind | genos/genesis | jajana | | zut | zanaite | | zadan | genus | | | | | zjat' | | | | | cin | zenis |
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gweiə- | to live | me jetu | | | | | gyvoti/dzīvot | bitu | bethu/bethu | byd | | quec/keck | cwic/quick | kvikr | zoion; bios | jivati | | | | | jīvah/ | vivere | | | žiti | żyć | žit' | | | | | | |
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bheud- | to wake | | | | | | budeti/ | | buide/ | | | biotan/bieten | bēodan/bid | bod | pepusmai | budhyate/budhas | | bidi | buidyeti | | bidar | | | | bljudo | budzić | budit' | | | | | | |
---|
pneu- | to breathe | | | | | | | | | | | | | fnysa | pneuma | praneu | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
---|
kwas- | to cough | kollje | | | | | koseti | | casad | | | /husten | | hósta | | kasate | | kâsa | | | | | | | | kaszleć | kašljat' | | | | | | |
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smei- | to laugh | | | | | | smaidit | | miad/ | | | smierōn/schmieren | smēarcian/smirk | | meidos | smayate | | | | | | co(s)mis | | | smejo | śmiać się | smejat' | smi- | | | | | |
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prai- | to like | | | | | | prieks | | | rhydd | frijja | friunt/Freund | frēond/friend | frændi | praos | priyas | | | frya | | | | | | prijati | przyjaźnić się | prijat' | | | | | | |
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leubh- | to love | laps | | | | | liaupse/ | | | | | liubōn/lieben | lufian/love | ljúfr | | lubhyati | | | | | | libido | | | l'ubu | lubić | lubit' | | | | | | |
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eibh- | to copulate | | | | | | | | | | | eiba/-- | | | oibu | yabhati | | | | | | | | | | jebać | ebat' | | | | oibalos | | |
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sneubh- | to woo | | | | | | | | | | | | | | numphios | | | | | | | nubere | | | snubiti | | snubit' | | | | | | |
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g'eme- | to marry | | | | amusnanal | | | | | | | | | | dzamos | jamatar | | | zamatar | | damad | | | | | | | | | | | | |
---|
ed- | to eat | | eidmi | | utel/udel | ist | ėsti/ēst | | esse/ | | itan | ezzan/essen | etan/eat | eta | edō | admi/átti | | | ad | | | edō | edum | | jastĭ | jeść | jest’ | /yesti | | | | esko- | |
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gwreugh- | to bite | me gicë | | | xajt'el | | | | | brwyn | kriustan | | | | | | | | | | | grauzti | | | | gryźć | gryzt' | | | | | | |
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poi- | to drink | pi | | | | | | | /ibim | | | | | | pio | payate/pitis | | | | | | bibo | | | | pić | pit'ë | | | | | | |
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leig'h- | to lick | lëpij | | | luzel | | | | ligim/ | | | lecchōn/lecken | liccian/lick | sleikja | leikhein | ledhi | | liza | | | lis | lingere | | | | lizać | lizat' | | | | | | |
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sp(y)eu- | to spit | | | | | | spiauti/ | | | | spiewan | spīwan/speien | spīwan/spew | spýja | ptuein | | | | | | | spuere | | | pljuju | | | | | | | | |
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reug- | to vomit | | | | vorcam/vordzam | | riaugti/raugietis | | | | | rouhhan/rauchen; rouh/Rauch | rēocan/reek; rēc/reek | reykja; reykr | ereugomai | | | | | | /āroġ | rūctāre | | | | rzygać | rygat' | | | | | | |
---|
wem- | to vomit | | | | | | vemiu/ | | | | | | | væma | emein | vamati | | | vam- | | | vomere | | | | | | | | | | | |
---|
perd- | to fart | pjerth-pordh | | | | | per(d)sti | | | | | ferzan/furzen | fēortan/fart | freta | perdein | pardate | | | | | | | | | | pierdzieć | perdet' | | | | | perdomai | |
---|
dhrei- | to defecate | | | | | | derkti | | | | | | | drita | dardainei | | | | | | | foria | | | | | dristat' | | | | | | |
---|
meigh- | to urinate | | | | mizel | | mizti | | | | maihstus | | māsc/mash | miga | omeihein | mehati | | | maezati | | | | | | | | mezga | --/miśo | | | | | |
---|
dre(m)- | to sleep | | | | tartam/dardam | | | | | | | | | | darthanō/-- | drayati | | | | | | dormiō | | | | drzemać | dremat' | | | | | | |
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suergh- | to be ill | | | | | | sergu | | serg/ | | saurga | sorgōn/sorgen; sorga/Sorge | sorgian/sorrow; sorg/sorrow | syrgja; sorg | | surksati | | | | | | | | | sraga | | | | | | | | |
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mer- | to die | | | | mer.nil | | mirti | marvos | marb/ | marw | maúrþrjan; maurþs | mordan/ermorden; mord/Mord | myrþrian/murder; morþor/murder | myrða; morð | emorten | marati | | mr.e | miryeite | maryn/-- | martahyā/mordan | morior; mortuus | | | mrutvu | umrzeć | meret' | | | | | | |
---|
magh- | to be able | | | | | | magus | | | | | mugan/mögen; maht/Macht | magan/may; meaht/might | mega; máttr | | | | | magus | | | | | | mogti | mogę | | | | | | | |
---|
weid- | to see-> to know | | | | gitem/kidem | | | | | | witan; weis | wizzan/wissen; wīs/weise | witan/wit; wīs/wise | vita; víss | | veda | vūčhūn | | vaeda | | vida/hodeida/peida | videre | | | | widzieć | vedat' | | | | | wit | |
---|
g'en- | to know | njeh | kanes | | canot'/dzanot' | | žinoti | | /gnath | | kunnan | kunnan/kennen | cnāwan/know | kenna | gignōmi | jñā- | zānun | | adana | zon/ | xšnasatiy/ | cognoscō | | | znati | | znat' | knān-/nān- | | | | | |
---|
werə- | to speak | | ueria | | | | vardas | | | | waurd | wort/Wort | word/word | orð | eiro | vrata | | | urvata | | | verbum | | | | | vrat' | | | | | | |
---|
k'leu- | to hear | | | | | | slave | clu | | | hliuþ | hlūt/laut | hlūd/loud | hljóð | kleos/Hēraklēs | cravas | | | sravah | | | clarus | | | | | slovo | klyos | | | cleves | | |
---|
nem- | to count | | | | | | nuoma/ | | nem/ | | niman | neman/nehmen | niman; nome/numb | nema | nemō | | | | | | | numerus | | | | | | | | | | | |
---|
med- | to advise | | | | mit/mid | | | meddu | | | | | æmtig/empty | meta | medousa | masti | | | | | | meditor | | | | | | | | | | | |
---|
gebh- | to have | | | | | | gabenti | gabi | | | giban | geban/geben | ġiefan/give | gefa | | | | | | | | habere | | | gobina | | | | | | | | |
---|
aug- | to increase | | | | | | augti/augu | | | | aukan | ouhhon/auch | eacan/eke | auka | auksanō | ugras | | | | | | augēre | | | | | | ok-/auk- | | | | | |
---|
dhe- | to set, put | | dai- | | | | deti | dede | | | gadeths | tuon/tun | dōn/do | dalidun | tithenai/ | dadhati | | | dadaiti | | ada/ | facere | | fakust | | dziac' | delat' | | | | | dak- | |
---|
do- | to give | dhashë | da | da- | tal/dal | dátweí | duoti | doenti | tabur/tabhair | | | | | | doron | dadati | dī | | | | dadātuv/dādan | dare | | dida | dati | dać | dat' | | | | | dadón | |
---|
lau- | to acquire | | | | | | | | luag/ | | laun | | | | laia/leia | lotram | | | | | | lucrum | | | | | lovit' | | | | | | |
---|
mei-n- | to change | | | | | | mainas | | moin/ | | gamains | gimeini/gemein | gemæne/mean | | | menis | | | | | | munus | | | | | menjat' | | | | | | |
---|
kwrei- | to buy | | | | gnel/knel | | krienis | | crenim/ | prynn | | | | | priasthai | krīn.āti | | | | | | | | | | | | kuryar/käry- | | | | | |
---|
k'lep- | to steal | | | | goġnal/koġnal | auklipts | slepti | | cluain | | hlifan | /klauen | | | klepto | | | | | | | clepo | | | | | | | | | | | |
---|
leugh- | to tell a lie | | | | | | lugoti | | | | liugan | liogan/lügen | lēogan/lie | ljúga | | | | | | | | | | | | | lgat' | | | | | | |
---|
mei- | to deceive | mashtrim | | | | | maju | | | | | | | | mimos | mayate | | | | | | | | | | | majat' | | | | | | |
---|
dhreugh- | to deceive | | | | | | | | | | | troum/Traum | drēam/dream | daumr; draugr | | druhyati | | | druzaiti | | dorugh | | | | | | | | | | | | |
---|
gang- | to mock | | | | | | | | | | | canc | | | gaggainein | ganjah | | | | | | | | | | | gugnja | | | | | | |
---|
ghleu- | to joke | | | | | | glauda | | | | | | glēo/glee | gleyma | hleun | | | | | | | | | | | | glupyj | | | | | | |
---|
(s)tai- | to hide | | tajezzi | | | | | | taid/ | | | | | | tetao | stayat | | | tayu- | | | | | | | | tait' | | | | | | |
---|
dhers- | to dare | | | | | dyrsos | | | | | | giturran/-- | deorran/dare | | thrasos | dharsanah | | | | | darš-/ | | | | druzate | | derzkij | | | | | | |
---|
wedh- | to lead | vjeth | | | varel | | vedu | | /fedim | | | | weddian/wed | | | vadhus | | | vadu | | | | | | | | vedu | | | | | | |
---|
weg'h- | to ride | vjez | | | | | | | | | | wegan/wiegen | wegan/weigh | vega | | vahati | | | vazaiti | | | veho/vezti | | | | | vezti | | | | | | |
---|
bher- | to bear | bie | | | berel/perel | | baras | | beirem/berim/brith | | bairan | beran/gebären; burdin/Bürde | beran/bear; byrþen/burden | bera | pherō | bharati | | bor | baraiti | | baratuv/bār; --/bordan | fero | | fertu | berati | | beru | pär- | | | | ber | |
---|
stā- | to stand | | | | | | stoti | sistat | | | standan | stantan/stehen | standan/stand | standa | | | | | staya | | ista | sto | | stahu | | stać | stat' | | | | | eistani | |
---|
k'lei- | to lean | | | | linim | | kletis/slieti | cle | | | | linên/lehnen | hleonian/lean | | klinē | srayati | | | srinu- | | | clino | | | | | klet'/sloj | | | | | | |
---|
sed - | to sit | | | | | | | sedlon | | | sitan | sezzal/; sizzan/sitzen | sittan/sit | sitja | ella | | | | | | | sella | | | | siedzień | sedlo/selo | | | | | | |
---|
leg'h- | to lie down | | | | | | | lega' | laigim/lige | | ligan | liggan/liegen | licgan/lie | liggja | lexos; lekhesthai | | | | | | | lectus | | | lego | leżeć | lejat' | | | | | | |
---|
ei- | to go | | | | | | eiti | eimu | | | iddja | | eode/-- | | eimi | eti | | ie | aeiti | | ai/bia | ire | | ier | | | idti | i- | | | | | |
---|
gwem- | to come | | | | gal/kal | | | | | | qiman | queman/kommen | cuman/come | | | gamat | | âca | jamaiti | | gam | venio | | | | | | kum-/käm- | | | | | |
---|
leikw- | to leave | | | | lkel/lgel | | liekas | | leicid/ | | leihwan | līhan/leihen | | | leipo | | | | | | | linguo | | | | | | | | | | | |
---|
dra- | to flee | | | | trel/drel | | drebeti | | | | | trappel | | | dromos | drati/dramati | | | | | | | | | | | drapat' | | | | drava | | |
---|
k'ers- | to run | | | | kark/garg | | | carros | | | | | | | epikouros/sarsai | | | | | | | curro/cursus | | | | | | | | | | | |
---|
pleu- | to flow | | | | | | plauti | | | | | flowen/fließen | flēogan/fly | | pleusis | plavate | | | | | | pulmo | | | | | plavat' | | | | | | |
---|
preu- | to jump | | | | | | | | | | | frowen/Freude; frosc/Frosch | frocga/frog | | | pravate | | | | | | | | | | | prygat' | | | | | | |
---|
suep- | to throw | | | | | | supuoti | | | | | | | | | svapu/vapati | | | | | | supare/dissipare | | | | | sypat' | | | | | | |
---|
leug'- | to break | lungë | | | lucanel/ludzanel | | lauzti | | lucht/ | | | luke | | | lugros | rujati | | | uruxti | | | lugere | | | | | | | | | | | |
---|
tere- | to cross over | shtir | tarhzi | | | | | | | | þairh | duruh/durch | þurh/through | | terthron-nektar | tarati/avatar | | târa | | | | terminus | | | | | čerez | | | | | | |
---|
sekw- | to follow | | | | | | sekti | | sechim/ | | | | secg/-- | seggr | | sacate | | | hacaiti | | | sequor | | | | | | | | | | | |
---|
ap- | to reach | | apanzi | | ap/ab | | | | | | | | | | apto | aptah | | | apayeiti | | | apex | | | | | | oppacci | | | | | |
---|
au- | to help | | | | aviun | | | Awo | | | ewyll | | | | | avati/avitar- | | | aoman/avah- | | | | | | | | aukat' | aulare | | | | | |
---|
pet- | to open arms | | pattar | | | | petys | | | | | fadam/Faden | fæðm/fathom | | petalon | | | | patana | | | patere | | | | | | | | | | | |
---|
dhegwh- | to burn | djek | | | | | degti/degt | dagis | daig/ | | dags | tag/Tag | dæġ/day | dagr | tephra | dahati | | | dažaiti | | | | | | žešti | żgę | dëgot'/žget | tsäk/tsäk | | | | | |
---|
tau- | to melt | | | | tanam/danam | | | tawdd | tam/ | tawadd | | douwen/tauen | þawian/thaw | þeyja | tēkō | toyam | | | | thayun | | tabere | | | tajati | | tayat' | | | | | | |
---|
steg- | to cover | | | | | | stiegti | | tech/ | | þakjan; þak | decchann/decken; dah/Dach | þeċċean/thatch; þæc/thatch | þekja; þak | stegō | sthagati | | | | | | tegere/toga/tectum | | | | | stog | | | | | | |
---|
areg- | to lock | | hark | | argel/arkel | arkan | | | | | arka | | | | argella | argala | | | | | | arcere | | | | | | --/ārk- | | | | | |
---|
gerbh- | to scratch | gërvish | | | kerel/gerel | girbin | | | | | | kerban/kerben | ċeorfan/carve | | grapho/grammo; graphein | | | | | | | | | | | | žrebij | | | | | | |
---|
orbho- | work | | arpa- | | orb/orp | | | orbe | orbe/ | | | arabeit/Arbeit | earfoð/-- | | orphanos | arbha | | | | | | orbus | | | rabu | robota | rabota | | | | | | |
---|
se- | to sow | | | | | | semens/seti | saithe | | | saian | sāen/säen | sāwan/sow | sa | | | | | | | | semen/serere | | | sejati | | seyat'/semja | | | | | | |
---|
are- | to plow | | | | araur | | arti | airim | | arddu | arjan | | erian/-- | arþr | arou | | | | | | | aro | | | orja | orać | orat' | are | | | | | |
---|
bhel- | to bloom | | | | | | | | blath/ | | bloma | bluomo/Blume | blōma/bloom; blōstm/blossom | blómi | phyllon | | | | | | | folium; flōs/flōris | | | | | | pält/pilta | | | | | |
---|
kerp- | to pluck | | | | | | sirpis | | | | | herbist/Herbst | hærfest/harvest | haust | karpos/arpagē | | | | | | | carpere/sarpio | | | | | serp | | | | | | |
---|
neik- | to winnow | | | | | | niekoti | nithio | | | | | | | neiklon | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
---|
mele- | to grind | miell | malla- | | malem | | malu | melim | melim/meilim | malu | malan | malan/mahlen | melo/meal | mala | mulos | | | | | | | molere | | kumaltu | | | melju | malyw-/mely- | | | | | |
---|
gwhen- | to press | gjanj | kwen | | gan/kan | | ginti/dzit | | gonim/ | | | gundfano/-- | gūþ/-- | gunnr | theino/phonos | hanti | | | jainti | | ajanam/ | dēfendō | | | | | gnat' | | | | | | |
---|
deme- | to tame | | damaazzi | | | | | | damnaim/ | | tamjan; tams | zamōn/zähmen; zam/zahm | temian/tame; tam/tame | temja; tamr | damnanai | damyati | | | dam | | | domare | | | | | | | | | | | |
---|
pas- | to protect | | pahhsi | | | | | | | | fodjan; fodeins | fuotan/--; fuotar/Futter | fēdan/feed; fōda/food; fōdor/fodder | fǫða; fóðr | apastos | pacyati | | | | | | pastum | | | | | pasti | pask | | | | | |
---|
sne- | to spin | | | | | | snate | | snáthe/snáth | | neþla | nādala/Nadel | nædl/needle | | neo/nema | snayati | | | | | | nere | | | | | snovat'/osnova | | | | | | |
---|
teks- | to weave | | | | | | tukstet | | | | | duhen/-- | | | tikos | | | | | | | textile | | | | | tkat' | | | | | | |
---|
syu- | to sew | | | | | | siūti/šūt | | | | siujan | siuwan/-- | seowian/sew | syja | humēn | syutas | | | | | | suere | | | | szyć | šit' | | | | | | |
---|
rezg- | to plait | | | | | | rezgis | | | | | | rysce/rush | | | rajju | | | | | | restis | | | | | rozga | | | | | | |
---|
eu- | to dress | | | | aganum/akanum | | auti/aviu | | | | | | | | | aotra | | | | | | exuo/induo | | | | | obuv' | | | | | | |
---|
neigw- | to rinse | | | | | | | | nigid/ | | | nix | | nikr | nidzo | nenekti | | | | | | noegeum | | | | | | | | | | | |
---|
loua- | to wash | | lauzi | | loganam/lokanam | | | lautro | loathar/ | | | louga/Lauge | lēag/lye; lēðran/lather; | laug | louein | | | | | | | lavare | | | | | | | | | | | |
---|
dheig'h- | to mold | | | | | | | tais | | | | teig/Teig | dāg/dough | | teichos | dehah | | | | | | fingere | | | | | testo | | | | | | |
---|
pekw- | to cook | pjek | | | | | | poeth | | | | | | | pepsis | pacati | | puk | | | | | | | | | pech | päk- | | | | | |
---|
kuep- | to boil | kapitem | | | | | kupuoti | | | | | | | hvap | kapnos | kupyati | | | | | | cupere | | | | | kipet' | kāp- | | | | | |
---|
ked- | to fume | | | | | | kadegis | | | | | | | | kedros | kadrum | | | | | | | | | | | kadit' | | | | | | |
---|
ongw- | to anoint | | | | aucanem/audzanem | | | amenen | | | | ancho | | | | anakti | | | | | | unguo | | | | | | | | | | | |
---|
wegwh- | to vow | | | | yuzem | | | | | | | | | | eihomai | vaghat | | | vaganti | | | vovere | | | | | | | | | | | |
---|
prek'- | to ask | | | | | | prasyti | | | | fraihnan | fragōn/fragen; frāga/Frage | friġnan/--; fræġn/-- | fregna | | pracnas | | | frasa | | pursīdan | precor | | | prositi | | prosit' | prak/pärk | | | | | |
---|
gwer- | to praise | grish | | | | girtwei | girti/dzirt | | bard/bárd | bardd | | | | | | gr.nāti | | | | | | grātēs | | | | | žrec | krant-/krent- | | | | | |
---|
ghwen- | to sound | zeh | | | jain/čain | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | zvenet' | | | | | | |
---|
swonos- | sound | | | | | | | | | | | swan/Schwan | swan/swan | svanr | | svanas | | | | | | sonus | | | | dźwięk | | | | | | | |
---|
k'wei- | to whistle | | | | | | svyksti | | | | | | hvinan/whistle | hvina | | | | | | | | | | | | | svist | | | | | | |
---|
kan- | to sing | | | | | | | | canim/ | canu | hana | hano/Hahn; henna/Henne | henn/hen | | kanaso | | | | | | | cano | | | | | kanyuk | kan | | | | | |
---|
leig- | to dance | | | | | | laigyti | | loig/ | | laiks | leich/ | lāc/-- | leikr | ligaino | rejati | | | | | lizim (Kurdish) | | | | | | likovat' | | | | | | |
---|
wes- | to feast | | uesi | | | | | gwest | | | | wist/ | | | | vastoh | | | vastra | | | vescor | | | | | | | | | | | |
---|
serpe- | to creep | gjarpër | | | | | | | | | | | | | herpō | sr.p | so.rūph | | | | | serpō | | | | | | | | | | | |
---|
gwhen- | to strike, to kill | | | | | | | | | | banja | bana/-- | bana/bane | bani | | han | | | | | /zahr | dēfendere | | | | | | | | | | | |
---|
webh- | to weave | | | | | | | | | | | weban/weben | wefan/weave | vefa | huphē | ubhnati | | | | | baftan/ | | | | | | | | | | | | |
---|
wekw- | to speak | | | | | wackis | | | | | | /erwähnen | | | ops | vacas | | | vac- | | | vōx | | | | | | vak/vek | | | | | |
---|
wē- | to blow | | huwantis | | | | vejas/ | | feth/ | gwynt | waian | wint/Wind; wetar/Wetter; waian/wehen | wind/wind; weder/weather; wāwan/-- | vindr; veðr | aemi | vā- | | | vata | | | ventus | | | vejati | | | | | | | | |
---|
wet- | to blow, inspire | | | | | | | | | | | | Wōden/Wednesday | Ōðinn | Wuotan/Wotan/atmos | | | | fáith/ | | | vennus | | | | | | | | | | | |
---|
tong- | to think | thangë | | | | | | | | | þangkjan | denken/denken | þencan/think | þekkja | | | | | | | | tongēo | tanginúd | | | | | tunk/tankw | | | | | |
---|
srobh- | to gulp | gjerbë | | | arbi/arpi | | | | srub | | | | | | rhopeō | | | | | | | sorbēo | | | | | | | | | | | |
---|
bhlē- | to bleat | blegë | | | | | /blēt | | | | | | blætan/bleat | | belazō | | | | | | | fleō | | | | | blejat' | | | | | | |
---|
saus- | to dry | tha | | | | sausā | sausa/saus | | | | | sōrēn/-- | sēar/sear | | hauos/ | śus.yati | | | haoš | | uška/xošk | sūdus | | | | | suxoj | | | | | | |
---|
Adjectives
| | Albanian | Anatolian | Armenian | Baltic | Celtic | Germanic | Hellenic | Indo-Iranian | Italic | Slavic | Tocharian | Other |
---|
Root | Meaning | Albanian | Hittite | Lycian | Armenian | Old Prussian | Lithuanian/Latvian | Gaulish | Irish | Welsh | Gothic | German | English | Old Norse | Greek | Sanskrit | Kashmiri (Dardic) | Kamviri (Nuristani) | Avestan | Ossetian | Persian | Latin | Oscan | Umbrian | Old Church Slavonic | Polish | Russian | Tocharian | Dacian | Old Macedonian | Illyrian | Phrygian | Thracian |
---|
meg'- | great | madh | mekkish | | mec/medz | | | maige | | | mikils | mihhill/-- | micil/much | mikill | megas | mahas | | | mazant | | | magnus | | | | | | māk/mākā | | | mag | meka- | |
---|
mei- | small | | meiu- | | | | | | | | mins | /minder | minsian/-- | minnr | meiōn | | | | | | | minor | | | | | men'še | | | | | | |
---|
wesu- | good | | wasu | | | | vesels | uesu | | | | | | | | vasu | | | vanhu | | | | | | | | vesëlyj | yasi | | | ves | vasu | |
---|
dus- | bad | | | | | | | | | | tuz- | zur-/-- | | | dys- | dus- | | | | | duš-/ | | | | | | | | | | | | |
---|
kailo- | sane | | | | | | | coilou/coel | | | hailags | heilag/heilig | hālig/holy | heilagr | koilu | | | | | | | salvis | | | | | tselyĭ | | | | | | |
---|
kal- | handsome | | | | | | | | | | | | hælþ/health | | kallos | kalya | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
---|
k'wen- | holy | | | | | | sventas | | | | hunsl | | | | | | | | spanyah | | | | | | | święty | svatoj | | | | | | |
---|
upo-s | high | | | | | | | uxello | /uas | uchel | | | | | hypsi | | | | | | | uxellus | | | | | vysokij | | | | | | |
---|
dheub- | deep | | | | | | dubos | dubno- | | | diups | tiof/tief | deop/deep; dyfan/dive | diupr | buthos | | | | | | | | | | | | duplo | | | | dubris | | |
---|
sen- | old | | | | hin | | senas | sen | | hen | sineigs | | | sina | enos | sana | | | hana | | | senex | | | | | | | | | | | |
---|
newo- | new | | newa | | nor | nauns | naujas/ | Nevio- | nue/ | newydd | niujis | niuwi/neu | nīwe/new | nýr | neos | navas | nōv | nuĩ | nava | nog/ | /now | novus | Nuvellum | | novu | nowy | novyj | ñu/ñuwe | | | | | |
---|
nu- | now | tani | nu | | | teinu | nu/nu | | | | nu | nū/nun | nū/now | nū | nu/ | nū | | | | | nūra/ | nunc | | | nu | | | num./nano | | | | | |
---|
yeu- | young | | | | | | jaunas/jauns | Jovinc- | óac/óg | ieuanc/ieuanc | juggs | jung/jung | ġeong/young | ungr | | yunas | | | yavan | | javan | juvenis | | iuengar | junu | | junyj | | | | | | |
---|
weg'- | lively | | | | | | | | | | wakan | wahhen/wachen | wacan/wake | vaka | | vajayati | | | vazram | | | vegeo | | | | | | wasir | | | | | |
---|
las- | eager | | | | | | loksnus | | | | lustus | lust/Lust | lust/lust | lyst | lilaiomai | lasati | | | | | | lascivus | | | | | laska | | | | | | |
---|
gal- | naked | | | | | | gale/galva | | | | | kalo/kahl | calu/callow | | | | | | kaurva | | kal/kacal | calvus | | | glava | goły; głowa | golyj; golova | | | | | | |
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nogw- | naked | | nekumant- | | | | nuogas | | nocht/ | | naqaþs | nackut/nackt | nacod/naked | nakinn | gumnos | nagna | | | | | | nudus | | | nagu- | nagi | nagoj | | | | | | |
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bhosos | barefoot | | | | bok/pog | | basas/bass | | | | | bar/bar | bær/bare | berr | psilos | | | | | | | | | | | boso | bosoj | | | | | | |
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aig- | sick | | | | | | ingas/angus | | | | | | | eikenn | | | | | | | | aeger | | | | | jaga | aikare | | | | | |
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kaiko- | one-eyed | | | | | | keikti | cuic | | | haihs | | | | kaikias | kekara | | | | | | caecus | | | | | | | | | | | |
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ster- | sterile | shtjerre | | | sterj/sderč | | | | | | | stero/ | | | steira | | | | | | | sterilis | | | | | | | | | | | |
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dek's- | right | djathtë | | | | | desine | dexs | | de | | zeso/ | | | | | | | dasina | | | dexter | | destrame | desnaya | | | | | | | | |
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layuo- | left | | | | | | islaivoti | | | | | | lyft/left | | laios | | | | | | | laevus | | | | lewy | levyj | | | | levo | | |
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sewio- | left | | | | | | | | | aswy | | | | | | savyas | | | haoya | | | | | | shuja | | | --/saiwai | | | | | |
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dheb- | fat | | | | | debīkan | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | debelyj | tpär/täpr | | | | | |
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pasto- | solid | | | | hast/hasd | | | | | | fastan | festi/fest | fæst/fast | fastr | | pastyam | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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bheng'h | thick | | panku | | | | pinguis | | | | | bungo/ | | | naxos | bahu | | | bazah | | | | | | | | | pkante | | | | | |
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tenu- | thin | | | | | | | teneu | | | | dunni/dünn | þynne/thin | þunnr | tanus | tanus | | | | | | tenuis/tevas | | | | cienki | tonkij | | | | | | |
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dlonghos- | long | gjatë | dalugaes | | | | ilgas | dala/loggos | | | laggs | lang/lang | lang/long | langr | dolikhos | dirghas | | | dargam | | darga-/dirang | longus | | | | długi | dolgij | | | | | | |
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mreg'hu- | short | | | | | | | | | | | mergi/-- | mirige/merry | | brahea | | | | muruzu- | | | brevis | | | | | | | | | | | |
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ang'h- | narrow | | | | anjuk/ančug | | | eang | | | aggwus | engi/eng | | ongr | agho | ahema | | | azanhe | | | | | | | | vjazat' | | | | | | |
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gwerə- | heavy | | | | | | gursti | | | | | | cweorn/quern | kvern | baros | guruh | | | gouruh | | gran | gravis | | | | | | krāmärts/krāmär | | | | | |
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lengwh- | lightweight | lehtë | | | | lāngiseilingins | lengva/liegs | | lugu/lugha | llai | līhts | līht/leicht | lēoht/light | lēttr | elakhistos | laghu | | | ragu | | | levis | | | liguku | | lëgkij | lankŭtse | | | | | |
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ok'us | quick | | | | | | | | | dioc | | | | | okos | āśu- | | | āsu | | | ōcior | | | | | jastreb | | | | | | |
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bheres- | lively | | | | | | bruzgus | brys | | | | | | | | | | | | | | festino | | | | | borzoj | | | | | | |
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toros | loud | | tar- | | pardzradzajn/barcracajn | | tariu | taran | /torann | | | | | | toros | taras | | | | | | | | | | | taratorit' | | | | | | |
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kwei- | quiet | | | | | | | | | | hveila | hwila/Weile | hwil/while | hvila | | ciram | | | syata- | | šiyatish/ | quies/tranquillus | | | pokoji | | pokoy | | | | | | |
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k'leu- | clean | | | | | | šluoti/slaumi | Cluad | | clir | | hlūttar/lauter | hlūttor/ | | kludōn | | | | | | sareh | cloāca | | | | | sleza | | | | | | |
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swād- | sweet | | | | | | | suadu | | | | swuozi/süss | swēte/sweet | sœtr | hēdus | | | | xvaēda | | xosh | suavis | | | | słodki | | | | | | | |
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kuath- | sour | cos | | | | | kusuls | | | | hatho | | | | | kvathas | | | | | | caseus | | | | kwaśny | kvas | | | | | | |
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om- | bitter | | | | hum | | amuols | | | | | /ahm | ampre/ | | omos | amlam | | | | | | amarus | | | | | | | | | | | |
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ak'r- | sharp | | | | | | asrus/akstis | | | | ahs | | | | akros | asrih | | | | | | acer | | | | | ostr/ost' | | | | | | |
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gel- | cold | | | | | | saltas | | | | klads | kalt/kalt | ċeald/cold | kaldr | gelandron | | | | sald | | sard | gelus | gelan | | hlad | chłód | xolodnyj | | | | | | |
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ghwer- | warm | zjarr | war- | | jerm/čerm | goro | garas/gars | | fogeir/ | | | warm/warm | wearm/warm; bearnan/burn | brenna | thermos | ghr.n.a-;gharmi | germi | | garəma | | garma/garm | furnus; formus; fornāx | | | varu; variti | | požar | | | | | germe | germas |
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g'heu-d | liquid | | | | gijoy/kičoy | | | | | | giutan | giozan/gießen | ġēotan/--; guttas/gut | gjóta | hota/deisa | hutas/juhoti | | | | | | | | | | | židkij | | | | | | |
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melk- | wet->milk | | | | | | malkas | | melg/ | | miluks | miluh/Milch | meolc/milk | mjolk | melkion | marjati | | | | | | mulceo | | | mleko | | moloko | malk-/mälk | | | | | |
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plāk- | flat | | | | | | | | | | | /flach | /fluke | | plas/pelagos | | | | | | | plancus | | | | płaski | ploskij | | | | | | |
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Colours
| | Albanian | Anatolian | Armenian | Baltic | Celtic | Germanic | Hellenic | Indo-Iranian | Italic | Slavic | Tocharian | Other |
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Root | Meaning | Albanian | Hittite | Lycian | Armenian | Old Prussian | Lithuanian/Latvian | Gaulish | Irish | Welsh | Gothic | German | English | Old Norse | Greek | Sanskrit | Kashmiri (Dardic) | Kamviri (Nuristani) | Avestan | Ossetian | Persian | Latin | Oscan | Umbrian | Old Church Slavonic | Polish | Russian | Tocharian | Dacian | Old Macedonian | Illyrian | Phrygian | Thracian |
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reudh- | red | | | | | | raudonas/ruds | roudo- | ruad/ | rhudd | rauþs | rōt/rot | rēad/red | rjōðr | eruthros | rudhiras | | | raoðita | | vard | ruber | Rufriis | rufru | | | rdet' | rtär/ratre | | | | | |
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albho- | white | | alpas | alb- | | | | | | elfydd | | Alpen | ælf/elf | alfr | alphos | | | | | | | albus | | alfu | | | lebed' | | | | | | |
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bhel- | light, bright | ballë | | | bal/pal | ballo | baltas/balts | Bellenos | beltene/bealtaine | bal | | bleich/bleich | blæcan/bleach; blæc/black | bāl | bala/phalos | bhālam | | | | | | flagrare | | | | biały | bely/belyj | | | | balta | falos | balios |
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arg'- | white, shine | | harki- | | arcath | | | arganto | arget/airgead | ariant | | | eorcnan/-- | | erchan/--/argos | arjuna | | | arazata | | roxan/roshan | arguō | aragetud | | | | | ārki/arkwi | | | | arg | arzas |
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g'hel- | green | dhelpër | | | | | žalias/zaļš | | gel/gealach | glan | | gelo/gelb | geolu/yellow | gulr | khlōros | | | | | | | helvus | | | | zielony | zelënyj | | | | | zelkia | |
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k'as-n | gray->hare | | | | | sasins | | | | ceinach | | haso/Hase | hara/hare | heri | | kasas | | | | | | cānus | | | | | sosna | | | | | | |
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k'erbero- | piebald | | | | | | kirba | | corbaim/ | | | | | | kerberos | sarvarah/cabalas | | | | | gur | | | | | | sobol' | | | | | | |
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tem- | dark | terr | | | | | tamsa | | temel/ | | | demar/ | | | | tamas | | | tamah | | | tenebrai | | | | ciemny | temen' | | | | | | |
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The following unrecognized language codes were encountered:
Code | Occurances |
---|
Af | 1 |
Blg | 1 |
Gl | 1 |
NI | 3 |
OI | 1 |
OR | 2 |
OS | 2 |
Pe | 1 |
Sc | 1 |
Sg | 1 |
Sk | 2 |
Sl | 1 |
Thr | 1 |