List of countries by suicide rate

Suicide rates vary significantly across different countries and territories, influenced by factors such as socio-economic conditions, cultural attitudes, mental health services, and societal pressures. This statistical measure is typically expressed as the number of suicides per 100,000 inhabitants per year. Understanding these rates is crucial for developing targeted mental health interventions and policies.

Countries with the highest suicide rates often face severe economic challenges, limited access to mental health care, and social stigma around mental health issues. For instance, countries in Eastern Europe and parts of Asia historically report high suicide rates. Notable examples include Lithuania, Russia, and South Korea. These regions may experience high levels of stress, alcohol abuse, and historical factors contributing to elevated suicide rates.

Conversely, some countries with the lowest suicide rates may have strong social support systems, accessible mental health care, and cultural factors that discourage suicide. Examples include countries in the Mediterranean region, some Caribbean nations, and select Middle Eastern countries. Nations like Greece, and Kuwait report some of the lowest suicide rates globally.

However, some countries with little or no access to mental health care also have very low suicide rates.

Suicide data is collected through various means, including national health records, police reports, and surveys. The accuracy of this data can vary due to differences in reporting standards and societal stigma associated with suicide. Organizations such as the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Global Burden of Disease Study regularly publish and update suicide statistics.

Efforts to reduce suicide rates include improving mental health services, implementing public health campaigns to reduce stigma, and creating supportive environments for individuals in distress. Countries with comprehensive mental health strategies, such as Norway and New Zealand, have seen success in reducing suicide rates through these measures.

Suicide rates by gender and country (age-standardized, per 100K population, World Health Organization, 2019)^[15]

Country	2019				2000	% change
	All	Female	Male	M/F
World	9.0	5.4	12.6	2.3	14.0	-0.36
Lesotho	87.5	34.6	146.9	4.3	42.6	1.05
Guyana	40.9	17.0	65.0	3.8	35.8	0.14
Eswatini	40.5	6.4	78.7	12.3	40.6	0.00
Kiribati	30.6	9.5	53.6	5.7	35.6	-0.14
Micronesia	29.0	13.2	44.3	3.4	28.0	0.04
Suriname	25.9	11.8	41.3	3.5	25.0	0.04
Zimbabwe	23.6	13.5	37.8	2.8	20.0	0.18
South Africa	23.5	9.8	37.9	3.9	26.6	-0.12
Mozambique	23.2	8.9	42.6	4.8	20.9	0.11
Central African Republic	23.0	9.3	39.6	4.3	32.5	-0.29
Russia	21.6	7.2	38.2	5.3	48.9	-0.56
South Korea	21.2	13.4	29.9	2.2	13.9	0.52
Vanuatu	21.0	9.0	33.1	3.7	23.2	-0.10
Botswana	20.2	7.8	35.5	4.6	46.3	-0.56
Lithuania	20.2	6.2	36.1	5.8	45.8	-0.56
Uruguay	18.8	7.7	31.1	4.1	14.5	0.30
Kazakhstan	18.1	6.9	30.9	4.5	39.4	-0.54
Mongolia	18.0	5.6	31.1	5.5	23.6	-0.24
Ukraine	17.7	4.7	32.7	7.0	33.5	-0.47
Solomon Islands	17.4	2.4	32.2	13.4	17.4	0.00
Eritrea	17.3	8.3	27.2	3.3	23.4	-0.26
Belarus	16.5	5.3	30.1	5.7	37.3	-0.56
Montenegro	16.2	7.9	25.4	3.2	18.9	-0.14
Latvia	16.1	4.6	29.0	6.4	29.6	-0.46
Cameroon	15.9	7.6	25.2	3.3	19.1	-0.17
Ivory Coast	15.7	5.0	25.7	5.1	24.0	-0.35
Cape Verde	15.2	5.1	27.4	5.4	18.2	-0.16
Togo	14.8	6.5	24.0	3.7	17.3	-0.14
Somalia	14.7	7.1	22.8	3.2	16.8	-0.13
Samoa	14.6	7.8	20.9	2.7	16.3	-0.10
United States	14.5	6.8	22.4	3.3	10.0	0.45
Zambia	14.4	5.3	25.7	4.9	24.0	-0.40
Burkina Faso	14.4	6.5	24.5	3.8	16.9	-0.15
Slovenia	14.0	5.5	22.7	4.1	25.6	-0.46
Belgium	13.9	8.4	19.6	2.3	18.3	-0.24
Namibia	13.5	4.4	24.9	5.7	27.5	-0.51
Equatorial Guinea	13.5	8.8	18.5	2.1	19.4	-0.30
Finland	13.4	6.8	20.1	3.0	21.7	-0.38
Chad	13.2	6.9	20.2	2.9	15.7	-0.16
Gabon	13.1	3.8	23.3	6.1	19.4	-0.32
India	12.9	11.1	14.7	1.3	19.1	-0.32
Sri Lanka	12.9	6.1	20.9	3.4	27.4	-0.53
Benin	12.7	6.1	20.3	3.3	14.7	-0.14
Angola	12.6	4.7	21.7	4.6	17.6	-0.28
DR Congo	12.4	5.0	20.7	4.1	14.5	-0.14
Guinea-Bissau	12.4	6.7	19.8	3.0	17.5	-0.29
Sweden	12.4	7.7	16.9	2.2	12.2	0.01
Guinea	12.3	8.0	18.4	2.3	9.7	0.27
Japan	12.2	6.9	17.5	2.5	18.1	-0.32
Moldova	12.2	3.3	22.1	6.7	16.3	-0.25
Burundi	12.1	6.4	18.9	3.0	23.4	-0.48
Estonia	12.0	4.5	20.2	4.5	25.0	-0.52
Djibouti	11.9	7.6	16.3	2.2	12.1	-0.01
Hungary	11.8	5.5	19.1	3.5	26.6	-0.56
Congo	11.6	6.1	18.3	3.0	24.7	-0.53
Sierra Leone	11.3	8.2	14.8	1.8	10.1	0.11
Australia	11.3	5.6	17.0	3.0	11.8	-0.05
Haiti	11.2	8.0	14.9	1.9	12.7	-0.12
Iceland	11.2	3.5	18.7	5.4	12.7	-0.12
Kenya	11.0	5.3	18.1	3.4	15.8	-0.30
Croatia	11.0	5.1	17.7	3.5	16.3	-0.32
Senegal	11.0	5.2	18.5	3.6	14.4	-0.24
Malawi	10.6	3.3	20.0	6.1	19.2	-0.45
Ghana	10.5	1.8	20.0	11.2	9.8	0.08
Uganda	10.4	3.7	19.4	5.2	21.7	-0.52
Austria	10.4	4.6	16.6	3.6	15.8	-0.34
Canada	10.3	5.4	15.3	2.9	10.7	-0.03
New Zealand	10.3	5.4	15.4	2.9	12.4	-0.17
Cuba	10.2	4.1	16.7	4.1	15.6	-0.35
Niger	10.1	6.4	14.1	2.2	9.5	0.07
Norway	9.9	6.3	13.4	2.1	13.0	-0.24
Switzerland	9.8	5.7	14.2	2.5	15.9	-0.38
Nepal	9.8	2.9	18.6	6.3	10.9	-0.10
Pakistan	9.8	4.8	14.6	3.1	11.1	-0.12
France	9.7	4.5	15.2	3.3	15.8	-0.39
Singapore	9.7	6.4	12.7	2.0	11.4	-0.16
Gambia	9.6	6.2	13.3	2.1	11.1	-0.13
Fiji	9.5	6.0	13.1	2.2	11.7	-0.19
Czech Republic	9.5	3.8	15.4	4.1	13.4	-0.29
Ethiopia	9.5	5.2	14.2	2.7	18.4	-0.49
Rwanda	9.5	5.0	14.8	2.9	25.6	-0.63
Slovakia	9.3	2.6	16.7	6.5	12.6	-0.26
Poland	9.3	2.4	16.5	6.8	15.3	-0.39
Netherlands	9.3	6.1	12.5	2.1	8.1	0.15
Madagascar	9.2	5.4	13.3	2.5	10.8	-0.15
Ireland	8.9	3.6	14.3	4.0	12.1	-0.26
Brazil	6.4	2.8	10.3	3.6	4.5	0.42
Mauritius	8.8	2.5	15.0	5.9	11.5	-0.24
Luxembourg	8.6	5.4	11.8	2.2	13.4	-0.36
Comoros	8.5	5.8	11.3	2.0	10.9	-0.22
Kyrgyzstan	8.3	3.5	13.5	3.8	17.6	-0.53
Trinidad and Tobago	8.3	3.7	13.1	3.6	16.2	-0.49
Uzbekistan	8.3	4.9	11.8	2.4	12.0	-0.31
Germany	8.3	3.9	12.8	3.3	11.2	-0.26
Bosnia and Herzegovina	8.3	3.4	13.5	4.0	8.1	0.01
North Korea	8.2	6.3	10.6	1.7	10.3	-0.20
Tanzania	8.2	3.7	13.5	3.6	15.6	-0.48
Argentina	8.1	3.3	13.5	4.1	9.2	-0.12
Chile	8.0	3.0	13.4	4.5	10.5	-0.24
Mali	8.0	5.7	10.5	1.8	8.8	-0.09
Thailand	8.0	2.3	13.9	6.0	11.6	-0.31
Serbia	7.9	3.9	12.2	3.1	18.9	-0.58
Seychelles	7.7	1.3	14.0	10.5	9.8	-0.21
Ecuador	7.7	3.6	11.9	3.3	6.8	0.12
Belize	7.7	1.8	13.6	7.5	10.0	-0.24
Georgia	7.7	2.2	14.0	6.4	6.6	0.16
Denmark	7.6	4.2	11.1	2.6	12.5	-0.39
Costa Rica	7.6	1.9	13.3	6.9	6.9	0.11
Liberia	7.4	5.5	9.4	1.7	8.8	-0.16
Romania	7.3	2.4	12.6	5.3	11.3	-0.35
Morocco	7.3	4.7	10.1	2.1	10.8	-0.33
Portugal	7.2	3.5	11.6	3.4	5.5	0.32
Vietnam	7.2	4.2	10.6	2.5	7.2	0.01
Bahrain	7.2	2.3	9.9	4.3	7.0	0.02
North Macedonia	7.2	3.5	11.0	3.1	8.7	-0.17
Yemen	7.1	5.3	9.0	1.7	8.5	-0.17
United Kingdom	6.9	3.4	10.4	3.1	7.7	-0.11
Nigeria	6.9	3.8	10.1	2.7	9.2	-0.25
Saint Lucia	6.9	1.5	12.5	8.5	8.1	-0.15
Bolivia	6.8	4.2	9.6	2.3	8.4	-0.19
South Sudan	6.7	3.4	10.4	3.1	7.9	-0.15
China	6.7	4.8	8.6	1.8	14.9	-0.55
Bulgaria	6.5	2.9	10.6	3.7	14.0	-0.54
Guatemala	6.2	2.5	10.3	4.1	13.5	-0.54
Paraguay	6.2	3.3	9.0	2.8	3.6	0.69
El Salvador	6.1	2.1	11.1	5.4	6.7	-0.09
Turkmenistan	6.1	2.9	9.4	3.2	13.8	-0.56
Laos	6.0	3.5	8.6	2.5	8.7	-0.31
Afghanistan	6.0	5.7	6.2	1.1	7.7	-0.23
Malaysia	5.8	2.4	9.0	3.8	6.1	-0.05
Cambodia	5.5	3.1	8.4	2.8	6.8	-0.20
Mauritania	5.5	3.9	7.4	1.9	6.4	-0.14
Saudi Arabia	5.4	1.9	7.8	4.1	3.8	0.41
Malta	5.3	2.3	8.4	3.7	6.0	-0.11
Tajikistan	5.3	3.4	7.4	2.2	5.1	0.05
Mexico	5.4	2.2	8.7	4.0	3.9	0.37
Spain	5.3	2.8	7.9	2.8	6.6	-0.20
United Arab Emirates	5.2	2.6	6.3	2.4	8.0	-0.35
Israel	5.2	2.1	8.3	3.9	6.8	-0.24
Iran	5.1	2.8	7.5	2.7	8.0	-0.36
Dominican Republic	5.1	1.9	8.5	4.6	4.9	0.04
Bhutan	5.1	3.1	6.8	2.2	6.9	-0.27
Sudan	4.8	3.3	6.3	1.9	5.6	-0.14
Iraq	4.7	2.4	7.3	3.0	5.3	-0.10
Nicaragua	4.7	1.9	7.8	4.1	6.3	-0.26
Qatar	4.7	1.7	5.7	3.4	7.6	-0.39
East Timor	4.5	2.4	6.7	2.8	4.9	-0.07
Libya	4.5	2.9	6.1	2.1	5.3	-0.15
Oman	4.5	1.1	6.4	5.7	6.7	-0.33
Tonga	4.4	2.9	5.9	2.0	5.1	-0.15
Italy	4.3	2.1	6.7	3.2	5.5	-0.22
Azerbaijan	4.0	1.5	6.6	4.5	3.4	0.16
Bangladesh	3.9	1.7	6.0	3.6	6.9	-0.44
Colombia	3.7	1.7	6.0	3.5	5.3	-0.29
Albania	3.7	2.2	5.3	2.4	5.2	-0.29
Greece	3.6	1.5	5.9	4.1	2.9	0.27
Papua New Guinea	3.6	1.9	5.2	2.7	2.8	0.26
Egypt	3.4	2.2	4.7	2.1	3.6	-0.06
Bahamas	3.4	1.2	5.8	4.7	2.5	0.33
Cyprus	3.2	1.1	5.3	5.0	1.9	0.66
Tunisia	3.2	1.8	4.6	2.5	3.9	-0.18
Myanmar	3.0	1.1	5.1	4.7	5.1	-0.42
Panama	2.9	1.0	4.8	4.9	5.9	-0.52
Lebanon	2.8	1.7	3.9	2.3	3.0	-0.08
Maldives	2.8	0.9	4.1	4.8	5.3	-0.48
Peru	2.7	1.4	4.1	3.0	3.4	-0.20
Armenia	2.7	1.0	4.9	4.8	3.3	-0.19
Kuwait	2.7	0.7	3.8	5.2	3.1	-0.14
Algeria	2.6	1.9	3.3	1.7	4.7	-0.44
Honduras	2.6	1.0	4.4	4.5	3.0	-0.14
Indonesia	2.6	1.2	4.0	3.5	3.8	-0.33
Brunei	2.5	0.8	4.2	5.4	1.7	0.48
Philippines	2.5	1.3	3.9	2.9	2.3	0.12
Turkey	2.3	1.2	3.6	3.0	4.2	-0.44
Jamaica	2.3	1.0	3.6	3.6	2.1	0.11
São Tomé and Príncipe	2.2	1.2	3.3	2.9	2.2	-0.02
Syria	2.1	0.8	3.5	4.7	2.0	0.05
Venezuela	2.1	0.7	3.7	5.3	6.4	-0.67
Jordan	2.0	0.9	3.0	3.3	3.5	-0.43
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines	1.0	0.7	1.3	2.0	6.5	-0.84
Grenada	0.6	0.7	0.5	0.7	2.1	-0.70
Antigua and Barbuda	0.3	0.6	0.0	0.0	2.0	-0.84
Barbados	0.3	0.2	0.5	3.1	2.6	-0.88

Deaths per million persons from self-inflicted injuries in 2012. Countries by income group.

Male and female suicide rates are out of total male population and total female population, respectively (i.e. total number of male suicides divided by total male population). Age-standardized rates account for the influence that different population age distributions might have on the analysis of crude death rates, statistically addressing the prevailing trends by age-groups and populations' structures, to enhance long term cross-national comparability: based on age-groups' deviation from standardized population structures, rates are rounded up or down (age-adjustment). Basically, the presence of younger individuals in any given age structure carries more weight: if the rate is rounded up that means the median age is lower than average for that region (or country), and vice versa when rounded down.

Most countries listed above report a higher male suicide rate, as worldwide there are about 3 male suicides out of 4, or a factor of 3:1 (for example,^[17] in the United States was 3.36 in 2015, and 3.53 in 2016).^[a]

Though age-standardization is common statistical process to categorize mortality data for comparing purposes this approach by WHO is based on estimates which take into account issues such as under-reporting, resulting in rates differing from the official national statistics prepared and endorsed by individual countries (and revisions are also performed periodically). Also, age-adjusted rates are mortality rates that would have existed if all populations under study had the same age distribution as a "standard" population. Plain, crude estimated rates are available at here and here. Countries with a population less than 100 000 are excluded.

Countries with large internal discrepancies are complicated to assess. Canada, a country with a comparatively low suicide rate overall at 10.3 incidents per 100,000 people, exhibits one such discrepancy. When comparing the suicide rate of Indigenous peoples in Canada, the rate of suicide increases to 24.3 incidents per 100,000 people:^[19] a rate among the ten highest in the world. There are numerous differences in living standards and income that contribute to this phenomenon, classed as an epidemic in Canada.^[20]

In the list below various sources from various years are included, mixing plain crude rates with age-adjusted rates and estimated rates, so cross-national comparability is somewhat skewed.

* indicates "Suicide in COUNTRY or TERRITORY" or "Mental Health in COUNTRY or TERRITORY" links.

Suicides per 100,000 people per year^[22]

Country	Male	Female	Overall	Sources & Year
Greenland * (Danish Realm)	75.08	25.18	53.34	2019[23]
Lithuania *	32.2	6.7	18.6	2022[24][25][26]
South Korea *	35.9	16.2	26.0	2021[27]
Guyana *	41.25	10.20	25.52	2017[28][29]
Kazakhstan *	40.68	8.01	23.81	2017[29]
Slovenia			18.09	2016[24]
Sri Lanka *	[30][31]		14.6	2018
Hungary	[24]		17.98	2016
Belarus *			20.5	2017[32]
Taiwan (Estimate) [b]			20.1	2018[33]
Ukraine *			22.4	2016[35]
Uruguay *	37.2	9.9	23.3	2022[36][37]
Latvia			18.56	2016[24]
Moldova			15.9	2016[38]
Serbia	[24]		13.52	2016
Belgium			17.0	2016[39][note 3][40][note 4]
Japan *	23.1	10.1	16.5	2018[41][42]
Taiwan (Government data) [c]	21.0	11.6	16.2	2022[33]
Croatia			16	2016[24][43]
Bhutan *			12.16	2017[44]
Austria	23.8	7.1	13.69	2016[24]
South Africa			15.4	2005[45]
Estonia			14.31	2016[24][46]
France *			13.21	2016[24]
Suriname	23.9	4.8	14.4	2005
Finland *	22.3	6.9	14.26	2016[24][47]
European Union			10.33	2016[24][48]
United States *	21.8	6.0	14.5	2017[49][50][51]
Poland			12.28	2016[24][52]
Russia *			13.7	2017[53]
Bosnia and Herzegovina			13.6	2012[54]
Czech Republic			12.57	2016[24]
Germany	[24][55]		11.29	2016
Cuba	19.0	5.5	12.3	2008
Bulgaria			9.24	2016[40]
New Zealand	19.0	5.8	12.3	2014–15[56][57]
Hong Kong *	16.2	8.8	12.3	2011[58]
Sweden *			11.73	2016[24][59]
Portugal			8.95	2016[40][60]
Romania *			10.13	2016[24]
Norway			12.08	2016[24]
United Kingdom *			11.2	2018[61]
Canada *	16.9	5.3	11.5	2009[62]
Iceland			12.3	2016[24][63]
Chile	18.2	4.2	11.2	2007
Switzerland *	17	5.8	11.2	2011[64]
Netherlands	18.0	6.0	12.0	2015[40]
Trinidad and Tobago	17.9	3.8	10.7	2006
India *	13.0	7.8	10.5	2009
Ireland	17.4	3.4	10.3	2013[65]
Singapore *	13.3	7.3	10.3	2012[66]
Australia *	20.1	6.3	13.1	2019[67]
Slovakia			7.48	2016[40]
China *	[68]		9.8	2014
Venezuela			9.5	2019[69]
Kyrgyzstan	14.1	3.6	8.8	2009
Turkmenistan	13.8	3.5	8.6	1998
Spain *	12.7	4.1	8.3	2013[70]
North Macedonia	12.6	3.9	8.0	2009[40]
El Salvador	12.9	3.6	8.0	2008
Italy	12.7	3.8	8.0	2016
Zimbabwe	10.6	5.2	7.9	1990
Luxembourg	13.2	2.9	7.8	2008[40]
Argentina	12.6	3.0	7.7	2008
Ecuador	10.5	3.6	7.1	2009
Mauritius	11.8	1.9	6.8	2008
Costa Rica	10.2	1.9	6.1	2009
Thailand	9.7	2.58	6.03	2013[71]
Mongolia	8.6	3.1	5.85	2011
Israel	9.9	2.1	5.8	2007[72]
Nicaragua	9.0	2.6	5.8	2006
Panama	9.0	1.9	5.5	2008
Turkey	6.34	1.90	4.12	2019[73]
Colombia	7.9	2.0	4.9	2007
Brazil	7.7	2.0	4.8	2008
Uzbekistan	7.0	2.3	4.7	2005
Cambodia			4.6	2008
Georgia	7.1	1.7	4.3	2009
Albania	4.7	3.3	4.0	2003[74]
Mexico *	6.8	1.3	4.0	2008
Honduras			3.84	2011[75]
Bahrain	4.0	3.5	3.8	2006
Belize	6.6	0.7	3.7	2008
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines	5.4	1.9	3.7	2008
Paraguay	5.1	2.0	3.6	2008
Cyprus	5.9	1.3	3.6	2009[40]
Guatemala	5.6	1.7	3.6	2008
Barbados	7.3	0.0	3.5	2006
Greece *	6.1	1.0	3.5	2009
Malta	5.9	1.0	3.4	2008
Iran *	3.9	2.1	3.4	2013[76][77]
Philippines	4.5	1.0	2.75	2005[78]
Tajikistan	2.9	2.3	2.6	2001
Saint Lucia	4.9	0.0	2.4	2005
Dominican Republic	3.9	0.7	2.3	2005
Armenia	2.8	1.1	1.9	2008
Kuwait	1.9	1.7	1.8	2009
Bahamas	1.9	0.6	1.2	2005
Pakistan *	1.45	0.71	1.10	2012[79]
Peru	1.1	0.6	0.9	2000
São Tomé and Príncipe	0.0	1.8	0.9	1987
Azerbaijan	1.0	0.3	0.6	2007
Maldives	0.7	0.0	0.3	2005
Jamaica	0.3	0.0	0.1	1990
Syria	0.2	0.0	0.1	1985
Jordan	0.2	0.0	0.1	2008[80]
Egypt	0.1	0.0	0.1	2009
Grenada	0.0	0.0	0.0	2008
Saint Kitts and Nevis	0.0	0.0	0.0	1995
Antigua and Barbuda	0.0	0.0	0.0	1995
Haiti	0.0	0.0	0.0	2003
Nepal *	0.0	0.0	0.0	2003

• Epidemiology of suicide
• Gender differences in suicide
• Suicide in the military
• List of countries by intentional death rate
• List of countries by intentional homicide rate
• List of countries by life expectancy
• List of suicide crisis lines

• The updated figure of suicide rates in Belgium for 2011 is 2,084 with a total population of 10,933,607, equivalent to 18.96 per 100,000 inhabitants (source: Het Nieuwsblad, 10 April 2014).
• Taiwan is not a member of the WHO. The Taiwanese government adopted the WHO standard in 2007. According to the Taiwanese government's self-released data, the figure is standardized based upon the population within Taiwan.^[81][82]

• Suicide data and rates published by the World Health Organization (WHO).