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61st United States Congress

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The 61st United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C., from March 4, 1909, to March 4, 1911, during the first two years of William H. Taft's presidency. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the 1900 United States census. Both chambers had a Republican majority.

61st United States Congress
60th ←
→ 62nd
United States Capitol (1906)
March 4, 1909 – March 4, 1911
Members92 senators
391 representatives
7 non-voting delegates
Senate majorityRepublican
Senate PresidentJames S. Sherman (R)
House majorityRepublican
House SpeakerJoseph G. Cannon (R)
Sessions
Special: March 4, 1909 – March 6, 1909
1st: March 15, 1909 – August 5, 1909
2nd: December 6, 1909 – June 25, 1910
3rd: December 5, 1910 – March 3, 1911

Major events

Major legislation

Constitutional amendments

Party summary

Senate

Party
(shading shows control)		TotalVacant
Democratic
(D)		Republican
(R)
End of previous congress3161920
Begin325991 1
End
Final voting share 35.2% 64.8%
Beginning of next congress4050902

House of Representatives

Party
(shading shows control)		TotalVacant
Democratic
(D)		Independent
Democratic
(ID)		Republican
(R)		Other
(O)
End of previous congress164122003856
Begin17012180389 2
End 173 210 3847
Final voting share 45.1% 0.3% 54.7% 0.0%
Beginning of next congress22801602[a]3901

Leadership

Senate president
James S. Sherman (R)
Senate president pro tempore
William P. Frye (R)

Senate

House of Representatives

House Speaker
Joseph Gurney Cannon (R)

Majority (Republican) leadership

Minority (Democratic) leadership

Members

Skip to House of Representatives, below

Senate

At this time, most senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. A few senators were elected directly by the residents of the state. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election, In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term ended with this Congress, requiring reelection in 1910; Class 2 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring reelection in 1912; and Class 3 meant their term began in this Congress, requiring reelection in 1914.

House of Representatives

Changes in membership

The count below reflects changes from the beginning of the first session of this Congress.

Senate

  • Replacements: 13
  • Deaths: 8
  • Resignations: 2
  • Vacancy: 1
  • Total seats with changes: 14
State
(class)		Vacated byReason for vacancySubsequentDate of successor's installation
Illinois
(3)		VacantSen. was elected at beginning of term. Served in House until resigning June 18, 1909William Lorimer (R)June 18, 1909
Pennsylvania
(1)		Philander C. Knox (R)Resigned March 4, 1909, after being appointed United States Secretary of State. Successor was elected.George T. Oliver (R)March 17, 1909
North Dakota
(3)		Martin N. Johnson (R)Died October 21, 1909. Successor was appointed.Fountain L. Thompson (D)November 10, 1909
Mississippi
(2)		Anselm J. McLaurin (D)Died December 22, 1909. Successor was appointed.James Gordon (D)December 27, 1909
North Dakota
(3)		Fountain L. Thompson (D)Resigned January 31, 1910. Successor was appointed.William E. Purcell (D)February 1, 1910
Mississippi
(2)		James Gordon (D)Successor was elected.LeRoy Percy (D)February 23, 1910
Louisiana
(3)		Samuel D. McEnery (D)Died June 28, 1910. Successor was appointed and subsequently elected.John Thornton (D)December 7, 1910
Virginia
(1)		John W. Daniel (D)Died June 29, 1910. Successor was appointed.Claude A. Swanson (D)August 1, 1910
Iowa
(2)		Jonathan P. Dolliver (R)Died October 15, 1910Lafayette Young (R)November 12, 1910
Georgia
(3)		Alexander S. Clay (D)Died November 13, 1910. Successor was appointed.Joseph M. Terrell (D)November 17, 1910
West Virginia
(2)		Stephen B. Elkins (R)Died January 4, 1911. Successor was appointed.Davis Elkins (R)January 9, 1911
Colorado
(3)		Charles J. Hughes Jr. (D)Died January 11, 1911.Vacant until next Congress
West Virginia
(2)		Davis Elkins (R)Successor was elected.Clarence W. Watson (D)February 1, 1911
North Dakota
(3)		William E. Purcell (D)Successor was elected.Asle Gronna (R)February 2, 1911

House of Representatives

  • Replacements: 12
  • Deaths: 12
  • Resignations: 6
  • Contested elections: 0
  • Total seats with changes: 21
DistrictVacated byReason for vacancySuccessorDate of successor's installation
Louisiana 2ndVacantRep. Robert C. Davey died during previous congressSamuel L. Gilmore (D)March 30, 1909
Ohio 21stVacantRep. Theodore E. Burton resigned during previous congressJames H. Cassidy (R)April 20, 1909
Illinois 6thWilliam Lorimer (R)Resigned June 17, 1909, after being elected to the U.S. SenateWilliam Moxley (R)November 23, 1909
Washington 2ndFrancis W. Cushman (R)Died July 6, 1909William W. McCredie (R)November 2, 1909
Virginia 4thFrancis R. Lassiter (D)Died October 31, 1909Robert Turnbull (D)March 8, 1910
Philippines Resident CommissionerPablo OcampoTerm ended November 22, 1909Manuel L. Quezon (Unionist)November 23, 1909
Missouri 6thDavid A. De Armond (D)Died November 23, 1909Clement C. Dickinson (D)February 1, 1910
Georgia 2ndJames M. Griggs (D)Died January 5, 1910Seaborn Roddenbery (D)February 6, 1910
Massachusetts 14thWilliam C. Lovering (R)Died March 11, 1910Eugene Foss (D)January 4, 1911
New York 32ndJames B. Perkins (R)Died February 4, 1910James S. Havens (D)April 19, 1910
Texas 3rdGordon J. Russell (D)Resigned June 14, 1910, after being appointed judge for the United States District Court for the Eastern District of TexasRobert M. Lively (D)July 23, 1910
Tennessee 1stWalter P. Brownlow (R)Died July 8, 1910Zachary D. Massey (R)November 8, 1910
Louisiana 2ndSamuel L. Gilmore (D)Died July 18, 1910H. Garland Dupré (D)November 8, 1910
Massachusetts 4thCharles Q. Tirrell (R)Died July 31, 1910John J. Mitchell (D)November 8, 1910
Pennsylvania 5thWilliam W. Foulkrod (R)Died November 13, 1910Seat remained vacant until next Congress
Pennsylvania 2ndJoel Cook (R)Died December 15, 1910Seat remained vacant until next Congress
Massachusetts 14thEugene Foss (D)Resigned January 4, 1911, after being elected Governor of MassachusettsSeat remained vacant until next Congress
Pennsylvania 24thJohn K. Tener (R)Resigned January 16, 1911, after being elected Governor of PennsylvaniaSeat remained vacant until next Congress
Pennsylvania 19thJohn M. Reynolds (R)Resigned January 17, 1911, after being elected Lieutenant Governor of PennsylvaniaSeat remained vacant until next Congress
North Dakota 2ndAsle Gronna (R)Resigned February 11, 1911, after being elected to the U.S. SenateSeat remained vacant until next Congress
Maine 1stAmos L. Allen (R)Died February 20, 1911Seat remained vacant until next Congress

Committees

Lists of committees and their party leaders for members of the House and Senate committees can be found through the Official Congressional Directory at the bottom of this article. The directory after the pages of terms of service lists committees of the Senate, House (Standing with Subcommittees, Select and Special) and Joint and, after that, House/Senate committee assignments. On the committees section of the House and Senate in the Official Congressional Directory, the committee's members on the first row on the left side shows the chairman of the committee and on the right side shows the ranking member of the committee.

Senate

House of Representatives

Joint committees

Caucuses

Employees

Legislative branch agency directors

Senate

House of Representatives

See also

References

  • Gould, Lewis L. (2005). The Most Exclusive Club. Cambridge, MA: Perseus Books Group. ISBN 0-465-02778-4.
  • Remini, Robert V. (2006). The House. New York: HarperCollins Publishers, Inc. ISBN 0-06-088434-7.
  • U.S. Congress (2005). "Biographical Directory of the U.S. Congress". Archived from the original on June 1, 2006. Retrieved June 1, 2006.
  • U.S. House of Representatives (2006). "Congressional History". Archived from the original on June 1, 2006. Retrieved June 1, 2006.
  • U.S. Senate (2006). "Statistics and Lists". Archived from the original on June 1, 2006. Retrieved June 1, 2006.
  • Congress, United States (1909). Official Congressional Directory for the 61st Congress, 1st Session.
  • Official Congressional Directory for the 61st Congress, 2nd Session.
  • Official Congressional Directory for the 61st Congress, 2nd Session (1st Revision).
  • Official Congressional Directory for the 61st Congress, 2nd Session (2nd Revision).
  • Official Congressional Directory for the 61st Congress, 3rd Session.
  • Official Congressional Directory for the 61st Congress, 3rd Session (Revision).
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