Thiri Thihathura Shwetaungtet (Burmese: သီရိ သီဟသူရ ရွှေတောင်တက် [θìɹḭ θìha̰θùja̰ ʃwè dàʊɰ̃ dɛʔ]; also Anawrahta I of Sagaing; 1313–1339) was king of Sagaing from 1335/36 to 1339. He came to power by deposing his father Tarabya. He was assassinated three years later by the loyalists of his father.
| Anawrahta I of Sagaing Shwetaungtet ရွှေတောင်တက် | |
|---|---|
| King of Sagaing | |
| Reign | 1335/36 – c. August 1339 |
| Predecessor | Tarabya I |
| Successor | Kyaswa |
| Chief Minister | Nanda Pakyan |
| Born | 23 September 1313 Sunday, 2nd waxing of Thadingyut 675 ME Pinya, Pinya Kingdom |
| Died | c. August 1339 (aged 25) c. Tawthalin 701 ME Sagaing, Sagaing Kingdom |
| Consort | unknown |
| Issue | unknown |
| House | Myinsaing |
| Father | Tarabya I |
| Mother | unknown |
| Religion | Theravada Buddhism |
Brief
His father Tarabya was a commoner stepson of King Thihathu of Pinya; his mother, whose identity is unknown, may have been of royal descent.[note 1] Shwedaungtet was likely born in either 1313 in Pinya or c. 1312 in Pinle.[note 2] From 1315 onwards, he grew up in Sagaing as Tarabya followed Prince Saw Yun's insurrection of Thihathu in 1315.
Shwedaungtet's stature likely grew after his father succeeded Saw Yun as ruler of Sagaing in 1327.[1] While Tarabya may have been a regent on behalf of Saw Yun's young children—the eldest son Kyaswa was not yet 4—Shwedaungtet was nearly ten years older than Kyaswa. Although Shwedaungtet's claim to the throne was weaker than those of the three sons of Saw Yun, he eyed the throne nonetheless. He decided to act before his cousins reached teenage years. In 1335/36,[note 3] he successfully staged a palace coup and imprisoned his father.[2]
The usurper, now with the reign names of Anawrahta[3] and Thiri Thihathura[2][note 4] however could not eliminate Saw Yun's children. The dowager Queen Saw Hnaung with the help of Chief Minister Nanda Pakyan hid the children (and Thado Hsinhtein, the husband of the eldest child Soe Min Kodawgyi) in faraway Mindon inside Pinya territory.[3] She had to continue bribing the powerful minister, who may have also been her lover.[4]
In 1339, Shwedaungtet located the whereabouts of his cousins, led an expedition into Pinya territory, brought them back to Sagaing. But he was assassinated c. August 1339,[note 5] soon after he got back to the Sagaing Palace, by the loyalists of his father the deposed king.[3] Chief Minister Nanda Pakyan's forces ultimately defeated Tarabya's loyalists in the ensuing battle. The powerful minister ordered the execution of Tarabya, and placed Kyaswa on the throne.[5]
Chronicle reporting differences
The royal chronicles do not agree on his birth, death and reign dates.
| Source | Birth–Death | Age | Reign | Length of reign | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Zatadawbon Yazawin | 23 September 1313 – 1339 | 28 [sic] (29th year) | 1336/37–1339/40 | 3 | [note 6] |
| Zatadawbon Yazawin (reconciled) | 25 (26th year) | ||||
| Maha Yazawin | c. 1321–1339/40 | 18 (19th year) | [6] | ||
| Yazawin Thit | c. 1312–1339/40 | 27 (28th year) | [7] | ||
| Hmannan Yazawin | [8] |
Notes
References
Bibliography
- Royal Historians of Burma (c. 1680). U Hla Tin (Hla Thamein) (ed.). Zatadawbon Yazawin (1960 ed.). Historical Research Directorate of the Union of Burma.
- Kala, U (1724). Maha Yazawin (in Burmese). Vol. 1–3 (2006, 4th printing ed.). Yangon: Ya-Pyei Publishing.
- Maha Sithu (2012) [1798]. Kyaw Win; Thein Hlaing (eds.). Yazawin Thit (in Burmese). Vol. 1–3 (2nd ed.). Yangon: Ya-Pyei Publishing.
- Royal Historical Commission of Burma (1832). Hmannan Yazawin (in Burmese). Vol. 1–3 (2003 ed.). Yangon: Ministry of Information, Myanmar.
- Than Tun (December 1959). "History of Burma: A.D. 1300–1400". Journal of Burma Research Society. XLII (II).