Queen of Malaysia

The Queen's full style and title in Malay is Kebawah Duli Yang Maha Mulia Seri Paduka Baginda Raja Permaisuri Agong.

• Kebawah Duli Yang Maha Mulia literally means 'Under the dust of the Almighty', referring to how the Raja Permaisuri Agong's power and prestige is dust compared to God's power and the ruler and his consort are always subservient to God.
• Seri Paduka Baginda refers to Seri as in a person. Paduka means victorious and the term Baginda is the Malay possessive pronoun for a royal in the third person.
• Raja Permaisuri Agong in literal English is the "Supreme Queen". It is an archaic equivalent to Raja where the female is a Raja Permaisuri and "Agong" (or Agung in standard Malay) means 'supreme'. The term Agong is not translated, as in the Constitution of Malaysia. The Malay word permaisuri is derived from Sanskrit परमेश्वरी (parameśvarī), 'supreme lady'.

Common English terms used in the media and by the general public include "Queen", "Supreme Queen" and "Paramount Consort". The very common term "Queen" has also been conveniently used by the media and the public, although incorrectly as it is not an official or legal title of the queen consort.^[1]

In formal English correspondence, for many years the queen was referred to as "Her Majesty The Raja Permaisuri Agong". In January 2024, this was changed to "Her Majesty The Queen of Malaysia".^[2]

Formal address to the queen is taken seriously in Malaysia. There are two ways of addressing the Queen:

• Malay: Tuanku (literally 'My Lady')
• English: Your Majesty

The Queen immediately follows her husband, the King, in the Malaysian order of precedence.

The King is elected (de facto rotated) every five years among the nine hereditary rulers of the states of Malaysia by the Conference of Rulers. When a ruler is elected to the office of King, his consort automatically is thus bestowed the title and dignity of Queen and serves the same term of office as her husband's. In effect, the holder of the title of Queen of Malaysia changes every five years, though it could happen earlier due to the death or abdication of the King during his term of office.

Like many spouses of heads of state, the Queen has no stipulated role in the Constitution of Malaysia. She accompanies the King to official functions and state visits, as well as hosting visiting heads of state and their spouses during their visits to Malaysia. Article 34 of the Malaysian Constitution forbids the Queen from holding any appointment, carrying any remuneration, or actively engaging in any commercial enterprise during her tenure. The Queen is, however, legally entitled to an annual payment which is included in the Civil List of the King during his term of office.^[3]

Previous holders of the title of Queen of Malaysia whose husbands are deceased receive a pension from the Federal Government's Civil List. They also take precedence immediately after the reigning King, the current Queen, the reigning monarchs of royal states, and the Yang di-Pertua Negeri (Governors) of non-royal states.

The following consorts have served in the office of Queen:^[a]

Number	Name	State	Reign Start[4]	Reign Ended	Yang di-Pertuan Agong
1 (I)	Tuanku Kurshiah	Negeri Sembilan	31 August 1957	1 April 1960	Tuanku Abdul Rahman
2 (II)	Raja Jema'ah	Selangor	14 April 1960	1 September 1960	Sultan Hisamuddin Alam Shah
3 (III)	Tengku Budriah	Perlis	21 September 1960	20 September 1965	Tuanku Syed Putra
4 (IV)	Tengku Intan Zaharah	Terengganu	21 September 1965	20 September 1970	Sultan Ismail Nasiruddin Shah
5 (V)	Tuanku Bahiyah	Kedah	21 September 1970	20 September 1975	Sultan Abdul Halim Mu'adzam Shah
6 (VI)	Tengku Zainab	Kelantan	21 September 1975	29 March 1979	Sultan Yahya Petra
7 (VII)	Tengku Hajah Afzan	Pahang	26 April 1979	25 April 1984	Sultan Haji Ahmad Shah Al-Musta'in Billah
8 (VIII)	Tengku Zanariah	Johor	26 April 1984	25 April 1989	Sultan Iskandar
9 (IX)	Tuanku Bainun	Perak	26 April 1989	25 April 1994	Sultan Azlan Muhibbuddin Shah
10 (X)	Tuanku Najihah	Negeri Sembilan	26 April 1994	25 April 1999	Tuanku Ja'afar
11 (XI)	Tuanku Siti Aishah	Selangor	26 April 1999	21 November 2001	Sultan Salahuddin Abdul Aziz
12 (XII)	Tengku Fauziah	Perlis	13 December 2001	12 December 2006	Tuanku Syed Sirajuddin
13 (XIII)	Tuanku Nur Zahirah	Terengganu	13 December 2006	12 December 2011	Sultan Mizan Zainal Abidin
14 (XIV)	Tuanku Hajah Haminah	Kedah	13 December 2011	12 December 2016	Sultan Abdul Halim of Kedah1
15 (XV)	—2	Kelantan	—		Sultan Muhammad V of Kelantan
16 (XVI)	Tunku Azizah Aminah Maimunah Iskandariah	Pahang	31 January 2019	30 January 2024	Sultan Abdullah of Pahang
17 (XVII)	Raja Zarith Sofiah	Johor	31 January 2024	Incumbent	Sultan Ibrahim of Johor

1.^ Tuanku Abdul Halim was the first and only Yang di-Pertuan Agong to reign twice.^[5] Sultanah Haminah was his second wife from 1975 to his death and reigned alongside him as Raja Permaisuri Agong XIV as Sultanah Bahiyah had died in 2003.

2.^ Sultan Muhammad V reigned without a queen consort as his wife Sultanah Nur Diana Petra was not proclaimed as Sultanah of Kelantan until 2022. Shortly before his abdication in January 2019, it was reported that Muhammad V had married Oksana Voevodina, however the marriage was not officially acknowledged and Voevodina was not recognized as his consort.^[6][7]

Raja Permaisuri Tuanku Bainun is the eldest living former Queen of Malaysia. She is currently the only nonagenarian in the list and only the second person to achieved this distinction after Tuanku Najihah.

Rank	Name	State	Birth	Death	Age
1	Tunku Ampuan Najihah	Negeri Sembilan	1 September 1923	8 September 2023[8]	100 years, 7 days
2	Raja Permaisuri Tuanku Bainun	Perak	7 Nov 1932[9]	Alive	91 years, 232 days
3	Tunku Puan Besar Kurshiah	Negeri Sembilan	16 May 1911[10]	2 Feb 1999[11]	87 years, 262 days
4	Tengku Ampuan Intan Zaharah	Terengganu	13 Apr 1928[12]	24 Jan 2015[13]	86 years, 286 days
5	Tengku Budriah	Perlis	28 Mar 1924[14]	28 Nov 2008[15]	84 years, 274 days
6	Tunku Puan Zanariah	Johor	5 Jul 1940[16]	17 Mar 2019[17]	78 years, 255 days
7	Tengku Fauziah	Perlis	6 Jun 1946[18]	Alive	78 years, 20 days
8	Raja Perempuan Zainab II	Kelantan	7 Aug 1917[19]	10 Jan 1993[19]	75 years, 156 days
9	Sultanah Bahiyah	Kedah	24 Aug 1930[20]	26 Aug 2003[21]	73 years, 2 days
10	Tengku Ampuan Jema'ah	Selangor	1900[22]	8 Apr 1973[23]	72 years, 361 days to 73 years, 7 days
11	Che Puan Besar Hajah Haminah	Kedah	15 Jul 1953[24]	Alive	70 years, 347 days
12	Raja Zarith Sofiah	Johor	14 Aug 1959[25]	Alive	64 years, 317 days
13	Tunku Hajah Azizah Aminah Maimunah Iskandariah	Pahang	5 Aug 1960[26]	Alive	63 years, 326 days
14	Tengku Ampuan Afzan	Pahang	4 Dec 1932[27]	29 Jun 1988[28]	55 years, 206 days
15	Permaisuri Siti Aishah	Selangor	18 Nov 1971[29]	Alive	52 years, 221 days
16	Sultanah Nur Zahirah	Terengganu	7 Dec 1973[30]	Alive	50 years, 232 days

The most-recently deceased Queen is Tunku Ampuan Najihah of  Negeri Sembilan at the age of 100 years and 6 days on 8 September 2023. She was the 10th Raja Permaisuri Agong (1994–1999), her husband was Tuanku Ja'afar (19 July 1922 – 27 December 2008), the 10th Yang di Pertuan Agong (1994–1999) and the Yang Di-Pertuan Besar  Negeri Sembilan (18 April 1967 – 27 December 2008).

• Yang di-Pertuan Agong — consort's spouse + monarch−ruler of Malaysia.
• Elective monarchy
• Royal Regalia of Malaysia
• Yang di-Pertuan Negara — national Malaysian award for elected monarchs.
• Malay titles — on Peninsular Malaysia and Borneo within Brunei + Malaysia.