1994 Quebec general election

The 1994 Quebec general election was held on September 12, 1994, to elect members of the National Assembly of Quebec. The Parti Québécois, led by Jacques Parizeau, defeated the incumbent Quebec Liberal Party, led by Premier Daniel Johnson Jr.

1994 Quebec general election

← 1989September 12, 19941998 →

125 seats in the 35th National Assembly of Quebec
63 seats were needed for a majority
Turnout81.58% (Increase6.56%)
 First partySecond party
 
Jacques-Parizeau-Headshot-2008.jpeg
Daniel Johnson, Jr. at the PLQ Leadership Convention, March 16, 2013 CROPPED.jpg
LeaderJacques ParizeauDaniel Johnson Jr.
PartyParti QuébécoisLiberal
Leader sinceMarch 18, 1988December 14, 1993
Leader's seatL'AssomptionVaudreuil
Last election29 seats, 40.16%92 seats, 49.95%
Seats won7747
Seat changeIncrease48Decrease45
Popular vote1,751,4421,737,698
Percentage44.75%44.40%
SwingIncrease4.59%Decrease5.55%

 Third party
 
MarioDumont.JPG
LeaderMario Dumont
PartyAction démocratique
Leader sinceMay 11, 1994
Leader's seatRivière-du-Loup
Last electionpre-creation
Seats won1
Seat changeIncrease1
Popular vote252,721
Percentage6.46%
SwingIncrease6.46%

Popular vote by riding. As this is an FPTP election, seat totals are not determined by popular vote, but instead via results by each riding. Click the map for more details.

Premier before election

Daniel Johnson Jr.
Liberal

Premier after election

Jacques Parizeau
Parti Québécois

Johnson had succeeded Robert Bourassa as Liberal leader and Premier. Both his father, Daniel Sr., and brother, Pierre-Marc, had previously served as premiers of Quebec as leaders of different parties.

The election set the stage for the 1995 Quebec referendum on independence for Quebec from Canada. The referendum would see the PQ government's proposals for sovereignty very narrowly defeated.

Mario Dumont, a former president of the Liberal party's youth wing, and then leader of the newly formed Action démocratique du Québec, won his own seat, but no other members of his party were elected.

In Saint-Jean, there was a tie between incumbent Liberal candidate Michel Charbonneau and PQ candidate Roger Paquin. A new election was held on October 24 and was won by Paquin by a margin of 532 votes.[1]

1992 redistribution of ridings

The Commission de la représentation électorale performed a redistribution in 1992, which maintained the number of seats in the National Assembly at 125 for the next general election, making the following alterations:[2]

Abolished ridingsNew ridings
Drawn from parts of other ridings
Merger of ridings
Renaming of ridings


Results

Elections to the National Assembly of Quebec (1994)[3]
Political partyParty leaderMNAsVotes
Candidates19891994±#±%± (pp)
Parti QuébécoisJacques Parizeau125297748 1,751,442382,375 44.75%4.59
LiberalDaniel Johnson Jr.125924745 1,737,69834,890 44.40%5.55
Action démocratiqueMario Dumont8011 252,721252,721 6.46%New
Equality[a 1]Keith Henderson1744 11,526148,062 0.29%4.39
Independent6866,22142,470 1.69%0.99
New DemocraticJean-François Sirois4133,2698,235 0.85%0.37
Natural LawAllen Faguy10233,20633,206 0.85%New
Parti de la souveraineté du Québec195,5665,5660.14%New
Green115,49962,176 0.14%1.85
Lemon104,0873,463 0.10%0.12
CANADA!Tony Kondaks102,5672,567 0.07%New
Republic of Canada182,258459 0.06%0.01
Développement Québec111,8761,876 0.05%New
Parti innovateur du Québec111,8611,861 0.05%New
Parti économique du Québec91,7591,759 0.04%New
Marxist–Leninist131,1713,074 0.03%0.09
Communist101,062254 0.03%0.01
Total6801251253,913,789100.00%
Rejected ballots78,23913,920
Voter turnout3,992,028490,960 81.585.89
Registered electors4,893,465202,775
Seats and popular vote by party
PartySeatsVotesChange (pp)
 Parti Québécois
77 / 125
44.75%
4.794.79
 
 Liberal
47 / 125
44.40%
-5.55
 
 Action démocratique
1 / 125
6.46%
6.466.46
 
 New Democratic
0 / 125
0.85%
-0.37
 
 Equality
0 / 125
0.29%
-4.39
 
 Green
0 / 125
0.14%
-1.85
 
 Independent
0 / 125
1.69%
0.990.99
 
 Other
0 / 125
1.42%
-0.08
 


Synopsis of results

Results by riding - 1994 Quebec general election[3][4]
RidingWinning partyTurnout
[a 1]
Votes
Name1989PartyVotesShareMargin
#
Margin
%
PQLibADQNDPNLPIndOthTotal
 
Abitibi-EstLibPQ12,31454.50%3,91717.33%75.70%12,3148,3971,88522,596
Abitibi-OuestPQPQ17,39174.37%11,39848.74%73.83%17,3915,99323,384
AcadieLibLib24,79673.71%18,06053.68%84.33%6,73624,7961,59126825133,642
AnjouLibPQ12,45346.60%7562.83%85.53%12,45311,6971,7535371889826,726
ArgenteuilLibLib15,27242.59%1,8025.03%81.75%13,47015,2726,62222427035,858
ArthabaskaPQPQ20,57761.55%9,12627.30%81.23%20,57711,45136990513033,432
Beauce-NordLibLib10,75245.81%610.26%78.16%10,69110,7521,43459223,469
Beauce-SudLibLib13,12245.18%1640.56%75.85%12,95813,1228561,54356729,046
Beauharnois-HuntingdonLibLib16,35551.76%3,0429.63%82.43%13,31316,3552421,08560331,598
BellechasseLibPQ10,57046.58%2,31210.19%78.10%10,5708,2583,86522,693
BerthierLibPQ19,20653.66%6,21617.37%82.02%19,20612,9902,98425335635,789
BertrandNewLib14,55845.61%1460.46%83.37%14,41214,5582,48623822131,915
BlainvilleNewPQ15,27351.40%5,81319.56%83.38%15,2739,4604,18832247029,713
BonaventureLibPQ12,41152.54%2,3069.76%80.37%12,41110,10592518023,621
BorduasNewPQ15,46155.84%4,81017.37%86.00%15,46110,6511,03753727,686
BourassaLibLib12,96349.91%2,5409.78%83.29%10,42312,9632,21024613225,974
BourgetLibPQ12,66945.41%9823.52%84.45%12,66911,6873,1762739627,901
Brome-MissisquoiLibLib18,40261.12%9,43031.32%84.07%8,97218,4022,03727442330,108
ChamblyLibPQ19,80048.86%4071.00%87.47%19,80019,39351981040,522
ChamplainLibPQ14,92942.26%3,98611.28%83.64%14,92910,9438,95327422935,328
ChapleauLibLib25,18163.29%12,61831.71%74.63%12,56325,18198422221961839,787
CharlesbourgLibPQ17,90847.01%7,49519.68%84.72%17,90810,4136,0228113752,56138,090
CharlevoixLibPQ12,09152.59%3,10513.50%76.34%12,0918,9861,91522,992
ChâteauguayLibLib17,42651.29%1,9225.66%87.02%15,50417,42662342433,977
ChauveauLibPQ20,10646.54%6,31914.63%81.15%20,10613,7875,4275963,28143,197
ChicoutimiPQPQ22,02563.55%13,00437.52%78.27%22,0259,0212,61970628534,656
ChomedeyLibLib25,88567.70%16,64643.54%82.18%9,23925,8851,99715096238,233
Chutes-de-la-ChaudièrePQPQ21,09151.80%11,87129.16%82.88%21,0919,2207,2638342792,02740,714
CrémazieLibPQ14,48246.79%4291.39%86.02%14,48214,0531,70333719318030,948
D'Arcy-McGeeEqLib21,32565.37%11,26934.54%84.46%1,08421,32515710,05632,622
Deux-MontagnesLibPQ20,74248.34%5,68913.26%83.28%20,74215,0536,52328630542,909
DrummondLibPQ16,62546.54%4,76613.34%80.42%16,62511,8593,5852963,35535,720
DubucPQPQ16,75963.50%9,61736.44%77.74%16,7597,1422,16232826,391
DuplessisPQPQ15,78860.00%5,26320.00%73.51%15,78810,52526,313
FabreLibPQ17,67944.30%1,1092.78%86.55%17,67916,5705,04325935939,910
FrontenacLibLib14,91652.69%2,3368.25%84.02%12,58014,91681328,309
GaspéLibPQ11,41053.39%3,37715.80%73.51%11,4108,0331,77415621,373
GatineauLibLib19,04665.05%9,68333.07%77.96%9,36319,04625960929,277
GouinPQPQ17,30556.42%6,36120.74%80.04%17,30510,9441,42826345827430,672
GroulxLibPQ15,02746.11%2,6378.09%83.08%15,02712,3904,32818515250832,590
Hochelaga-MaisonneuvePQPQ14,85864.78%8,81938.45%75.54%14,8586,0391,24939219020922,937
HullLibLib19,18456.56%5,23715.44%78.33%13,94719,18423155433,916
IbervilleLibPQ15,60443.41%1,4644.07%82.96%15,60414,1404,1226451,00442835,943
Îles-de-la-MadeleineLibLib5,45559.98%1,81619.97%86.41%3,6395,4559,094
Jacques-CartierEqLib32,83983.65%29,39874.89%88.12%3,44132,8392062,771[a 2]39,257
Jeanne-ManceLibLib21,29474.22%14,76051.45%81.52%6,53421,29432254028,690
Jean-TalonLibLib12,22943.90%250.09%88.95%12,20412,2292,0823131308168327,857
JohnsonPQPQ13,24749.78%1,2464.68%81.13%13,24712,00163073226,610
JoliettePQPQ21,90364.71%13,19138.97%83.84%21,9038,7122,65158133,847
JonquièrePQPQ22,59869.43%13,89542.69%80.03%22,5988,7031,24832,549
Kamouraska-TémiscouataLibLib10,37342.69%3861.59%73.30%9,98710,3733,22371724,300
LabellePQPQ17,63865.78%9,14434.10%78.27%17,6388,49434034226,814
Lac-Saint-JeanPQPQ20,74371.67%13,47446.55%78.58%20,7437,26993128,943
LaFontaineLibLib20,69855.67%7,83621.08%82.87%12,86220,6982,97131633437,181
La PeltrieLibPQ20,47549.27%8,56920.62%85.51%20,47511,9066,0034752,70141,560
La PinièreLibLib22,25262.68%10,05728.33%85.84%12,19522,25259745735,501
LaporteLibLib21,16257.79%7,09419.37%85.17%14,06821,1623821,00636,618
La PrairiePQPQ23,16455.35%8,44420.18%85.22%23,16414,7203,10337149341,851
L'AssomptionPQPQ21,80956.04%10,99228.24%85.60%21,80910,8175,92536638,917
Laurier-DorionNewLib18,52255.53%6,93020.78%81.65%11,59218,5221,72340927483233,352
Laval-des-RapidesLibPQ14,17946.85%1,7335.73%82.68%14,17912,4462,73866923230,264
LaviolettePQPQ16,67063.54%9,21235.11%78.66%16,6707,4581,88022626,234
LévisPQPQ20,99872.26%12,93744.52%82.11%20,9988,06129,059
LimoilouLibPQ15,09244.42%4,48413.20%79.16%15,09210,6084,0669382,73853733,979
LotbinièreLibPQ10,39845.56%2831.24%80.88%10,39810,1152,30822,821
Louis-HébertLibPQ12,90539.37%3,44110.50%85.86%12,9057,8331,8684151249,633[a 3]32,778
Marguerite-BourgeoysLibLib24,04670.34%16,19647.38%86.07%7,85024,0461,20039222647234,186
Marguerite-D'YouvillePQPQ19,99558.02%6,90620.04%87.16%19,99513,08955482234,460
Marie-VictorinPQPQ17,61156.19%7,39023.58%80.34%17,61110,2212,74937638331,340
MarquetteLibLib16,77455.06%5,72818.80%83.57%11,04616,7741,44916457346030,466
MaskinongéLibPQ16,04747.56%2,9198.65%81.72%16,04713,1284,26130733,743
MassonPQPQ21,48164.19%14,49043.30%82.71%21,4816,9914,38825535133,466
MataneLibPQ11,62554.60%4,23019.87%76.95%11,6257,3952,27021,290
MatapédiaLibPQ12,82658.48%3,71916.96%76.20%12,8269,10721,933
Mégantic-ComptonLibLib12,79953.95%2,74811.58%81.03%10,05112,79944443123,725
MercierPQPQ17,52356.48%8,04425.93%80.33%17,5239,4791,6818152591,26931,026
Mille-ÎlesLibPQ17,33745.68%1,3713.61%86.87%17,33715,9664,18229517737,957
Montmagny-L'IsletLibLib10,33944.36%8553.67%75.02%9,48410,3398812,60523,309
MontmorencyLibPQ22,73455.74%13,06832.04%80.74%22,7349,6662,8755344,82715040,786
Mont-RoyalLibLib22,82780.41%19,10067.28%80.07%3,72722,82760514314494328,389
NelliganLibLib33,80477.16%25,79458.88%86.24%8,01033,8042761,72143,811
Nicolet-YamaskaLibPQ13,42750.13%9073.39%84.85%13,42712,52084026,787
Notre-Dame-de-GrâceEqLib21,71673.08%17,96160.44%83.19%3,75521,7164061121,752[a 4]1,97529,716
OrfordLibLib19,08251.07%3,78710.13%82.79%15,29519,0822,45429324237,366
OutremontLibLib19,34662.11%9,52830.59%82.11%9,81819,3461,04945326322031,149
PapineauLibLib15,08453.67%3,38112.03%80.97%11,70315,08483617830328,104
Pointe-aux-TremblesPQPQ15,99953.77%6,03420.28%82.46%15,9999,9653,46632429,754
PontiacLibLib23,06680.18%18,88365.64%80.90%4,18323,0661311,38728,767
PortneufLibPQ14,25647.88%3,77612.68%79.80%14,25610,4804,50153729,774
PrévostLibPQ17,42550.52%4,11011.92%81.31%17,42513,3152,4991,03321934,491
RichelieuLibPQ17,18655.09%4,74515.21%83.23%17,18612,4411,57031,197
RichmondLibLib14,10654.28%4,06115.63%84.11%10,04514,1061,48619715425,988
RimouskiLibPQ14,92651.45%2,6279.06%78.33%14,92612,2991,55622729,008
Rivière-du-LoupLibADQ13,30754.77%6,69927.57%83.65%6,6084,22613,307559924,295
Robert-BaldwinLibLib29,86582.98%26,32473.14%85.17%3,54129,8659091231,55235,990
RobervalLibPQ18,28160.08%7,05523.18%75.15%18,28111,22692330,430
RosemontLibPQ14,73649.25%2,5008.36%83.71%14,73612,2361,94662622614929,919
RousseauLibPQ16,53253.86%6,69921.82%77.66%16,5329,8333,59563110630,697
Rouyn-Noranda–TémiscaminguePQPQ18,16058.62%7,37223.80%77.75%18,16010,7882,03030,978
SaguenayLibPQ14,43957.44%7,00427.86%72.47%14,4397,4353,26425,138
Sainte-Marie–Saint-JacquesPQPQ16,72354.73%6,66221.80%75.07%16,72310,0611,69162124664756730,556
Saint-FrançoisLibLib15,86149.48%2,6168.16%82.20%13,24515,8612,42229423632,058
Saint-Henri-Sainte-AnneNewLib14,94047.96%6412.06%81.21%14,29914,94099834411245731,150
Saint-HyacintheLibPQ15,98844.94%1,0923.07%82.53%15,98814,8963,3981,29235,574
Saint-Jean[a 5]LibPQ15,68043.79%5321.49%76.53%15,68015,1484,6932048235,807
Saint-LaurentLibLib25,71176.73%20,10960.01%81.83%5,60225,7111,0611547290733,507
Saint-MauriceLibPQ13,20247.38%2,1377.67%84.25%13,20211,0653,10623825427,865
Salaberry-SoulangesLibPQ19,44848.28%1,0092.51%85.37%19,44818,4391,64432242540,278
SauvéLibLib13,44753.85%4,18316.75%80.26%9,26413,4471,562453129437224,970
SheffordPQLib17,28245.71%1,3233.50%81.22%15,95917,2824,02836017737,806
SherbrookeLibPQ14,73347.31%1,3914.47%82.27%14,73313,3422,56432617631,141
TaillonPQPQ23,31560.99%9,99426.14%81.79%23,31513,32184474638,226
TaschereauLibPQ12,30851.86%5,78324.37%78.78%12,3086,5252,0417053321,7418023,732
TerrebonnePQPQ19,67160.39%11,44435.13%83.20%19,6718,2274,38928532,572
Trois-RivièresLibPQ12,60743.24%6092.09%81.94%12,60711,9984,26728129,153
UngavaPQPQ7,27654.19%1,90514.19%51.81%7,2765,37137240713,426
VachonLibPQ15,68548.86%3,53111.00%84.38%15,68512,1543,53630042432,099
VanierLibPQ18,25749.50%8,79923.85%80.39%18,2579,4584,9061,0543,00820336,886
VaudreuilLibLib24,84959.50%9,10721.81%87.19%15,74224,84932484641,761
VerchèresPQPQ16,30857.77%8,13128.81%83.11%16,3088,1773,35638628,227
VerdunLibLib18,39254.57%6,42919.07%81.89%11,963[a 6]18,3922,32736816748933,706
ViauLibLib17,94663.19%9,48333.39%79.73%8,46317,9461,48229121828,400
VigerLibLib18,74364.27%10,21435.02%84.12%8,52918,7431,48522318529,165
VimontLibPQ18,98544.88%1280.30%86.44%18,98518,8572,7831,14227925742,303
Westmount-Saint-LouisNewLib26,47879.20%22,10066.10%77.87%4,37826,478741239100241,47333,433
  = open seat
  = turnout is above provincial average
  = winning candidate was in previous Legislature
  = incumbent had switched allegiance
  = previously incumbent in another riding
  = not incumbent; was previously elected to the Legislature
  = incumbency arose from byelection gain
  = other incumbents renominated
  = previously an MP in the House of Commons of Canada
  = multiple candidates

Analysis

Seating arrangement in the 35th National Assembly
Party candidates in 2nd place[3]
Party in 1st placeParty in 2nd placeTotal
PQLibInd
Parti Québécois76177
Liberal46147
Action démocratique11
Total47762125
Candidates ranked 1st to 5th place, by party[3]
Parties1st2nd3rd4th5th
 Parti Québécois77471
 Liberal47762
 Action démocratique1762
 Independent29148
 Natural Law10426
 New Democratic8229
 Equality584
 Green441
 Lemon342
 Parti innovateur du Québec114
 Parti de la souveraineté du Québec74
 Développement Québec21
 CANADA!16
 Parti économique du Québec6
 Republic of Canada5
 Marxist–Leninist1
 Communist1
Resulting composition of the 35th Quebec Legislative Assembly[4]
SourceParty
PQLibADQTotal
Seats retainedIncumbents returned242751
Open seats held41216
Seats changing handsIncumbents defeated18321
Open seats gained24125
Byelection gains held516
New seatsNew MNAs22
Previously incumbent in another riding44
Total77471125

See also

References

Further reading