Pour la Serbie

During 1876, the Ottoman harsh suppression of the uprisings of Balkan Christians, specifically, the atrocities in Bulgaria, had been witnessed by Western observers and fully reported in the European press with gruesome details.^[2] The Turks had very few regular troops and therefore used irregular Bashi-bazouks who used methods of the utmost violence. When the full extent of the massacres became known, a very strong public reaction against the Ottoman Empire occurred.^[3] In this text, Hugo delivers a plea protesting against the impassivity of European governments, in particular in the face of the massacre committed by the Turks in Serbia.^[4]

Here is a fact: a nation is being murdered. Where? In Europe. Are there any witnesses? One witness, the whole world. Do governments see it? No.

Hugo's eloquent appeal is calling European governments to take action, and people to raise their voices in universal indignation. This speech is considered as one of the founding acts of the European idea.^[5][6]

What is happening in Serbia demonstrates the necessity for the United States of Europe. May disunited governments be succeeded by united peoples. Let us be finished with murderous empires. Let us muzzle fanaticisms and despotisms. . . No more wars, no more massacres, no more carnage; free-thought; free trade; fraternity...What the atrocities of Serbia place beyond doubt is that Europe needs a European nationality, a single government, an immense fraternal arbitration, democracy at peace with itself... In a word, a United States of Europe. There lies the goal, the haven.

— Victor Hugo, Pour la Serbie (1876), ^[7]

• Serbian–Turkish Wars (1876–1878)
• Le Rappel

• Victor Hugo (2018). Actes et Paroles. Seltzer Books. ISBN 978-1-4553-4287-7.
• Graham Robb (1999). Victor Hugo. W.W. Norton & Company. ISBN 978-0-393-31899-9.

French Wikisource has original text related to this article:

Actes et paroles/Depuis l’exil/1876

• For the speech in full, see: Pour la Serbie (in French), Za Srbiju (in Serbian).