Octafluoropropane (C3F8) is the perfluorocarbon counterpart to the hydrocarbon propane. This non-flammable and non-toxic synthetic substance has applications in semiconductor production and medicine. It is also an extremely potent greenhouse gas.
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| Names | |||
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| Preferred IUPAC name Octafluoropropane | |||
| Other names Freon 218 Perfluoropropane RC 218, PFC 218 R-218 Flutec PP30 Genetron 218 | |||
| Identifiers | |||
3D model (JSmol) | |||
| ChEBI | |||
| ChEMBL | |||
| ChemSpider | |||
| DrugBank | |||
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.000.857 | ||
| KEGG | |||
PubChem CID | |||
| RTECS number |
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| UNII | |||
CompTox Dashboard (EPA) | |||
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| Properties | |||
| C3F8 | |||
| Molar mass | 188.020 g·mol−1 | ||
| Appearance | Colorless gas | ||
| Density | 8.17 g/L | ||
| Melting point | −147.6 °C (−233.7 °F; 125.5 K) | ||
| Boiling point | −36.7 °C (−34.1 °F; 236.5 K) | ||
| Critical point (T, P) | 345.05 K (71.90 °C), 26.8 bar | ||
| Vapor pressure | 792 kPa (21.1 °C)[1] | ||
| Thermal conductivity | 13.8 mW/(m·K)[1] | ||
| Viscosity | 0.000125 Poise (0 °C)[1] | ||
| Structure | |||
| 0.014 D | |||
| Thermochemistry | |||
Heat capacity (C) | 149 J/(mol·K) | ||
| Hazards | |||
| Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH): | |||
Main hazards | Simple asphyxiant and greenhouse gas | ||
| GHS labelling: | |||
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| H280 | |||
| P410+P403 | |||
| NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | |||
| Flash point | N/A | ||
| Related compounds | |||
Related halocarbons | Tetrafluoromethane Hexafluoroethane | ||
Related compounds | Propane | ||
| Supplementary data page | |||
| Octafluoropropane (data page) | |||
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). | |||
Manufacture
Octafluoropropane can be produced either by electrochemical fluorination or by the Fowler process using cobalt fluoride.[2]
Applications
In the electronics industry, octafluoropropane is mixed with oxygen and used as a plasma etching material for SiO2 layers in semiconductor applications, as oxides are selectively etched versus their metal substrates.[3]
In medicine, octafluoropropane may compose the gas cores of microbubble contrast agents used in contrast-enhanced ultrasound. Octafluoropropane microbubbles reflect sound waves well and are used to improve the ultrasound signal backscatter.
It is used in eye surgery, such as pars plana vitrectomy procedures where a retina hole or tear is repaired. The gas provides a long-term tamponade, or plug, of a retinal hole or tear and allows re-attachment of the retina to occur over the several days following the procedure.
Under the name R-218, octafluoropropane is used in other industries as a component of refrigeration mixtures.
It has been featured in some plans for terraforming Mars. With a greenhouse gas effect 24,000 times greater than carbon dioxide (CO2), octafluoropropane could dramatically reduce the time and resources it takes to terraform Mars.[4]
It is the active liquid in PICO-2L dark matter bubble detector (joined PICASSO and COUPP collaborations).
Gallery
PFC-218 measured by the Advanced Global Atmospheric Gases Experiment (AGAGE) in the lower atmosphere (troposphere) at stations around the world. Abundances are given as pollution free monthly mean mole fractions in parts-per-trillion.
