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Order of Sikatuna

The Order of Sikatuna (Filipino: Orden ng Sikatuna) is the national order of diplomatic merit of the Republic of the Philippines. It is conferred upon individuals who have rendered exceptional and meritorious services to the Republic of the Philippines, upon diplomats, officials and nationals of foreign states who have rendered conspicuous services in fostering, developing and strengthening relations between their country and the Philippines, or upon personnel of the Philippine Department of Foreign Affairs (DFA), both in the Home Office and in the Foreign Service.

Order of Sikatuna
Insignia of the order
Awarded by  Philippines
TypeOrder
Awarded forrending exceptional and meritorious services to the Republic of the Philippines; to diplomats, officials and nationals of foreign states who have rendered conspicuous services in fostering, developing and strengthening relations between their country and the Philippines
StatusCurrently constituted
GradesGrand Collar
Grand Cross, gold distinction
Grand Cross, silver distinction
Grand Officer
Commander
Officer
Member
Precedence
Next (higher)Quezon Service Cross
Next (lower)Order of Gabriela Silang
RelatedOrder of Lakandula
Philippine Legion of Honor

Ribbon bar of the order

The Order of Sikatuna may be awarded by the Secretary of Foreign Affairs in the name and by authority of the President.

History

The Order of Sikatuna was established by President Elpidio Quirino through Executive Order No. 571 dated February 27, 1953.[1][2] Section 2 of the executive order states, "The Order of Sikatuna [...] commemorates the first treaty (Pacto de Sangre) between the Philippines and a foreign country..." In the Quirino order, the Order of Sikatuna commemorates the pacto de sangre or blood compact, more popularly known as sandugo. This was, according to the Executive Order, the first international treaty of friendship between Bohol native chieftain, Datu Sikatuna and Spanish conquistador Miguel López de Legazpi, between a Filipino and Spaniard. Lately, however, the Executive Order's premise has been put to question. The event was not the first blood compact since the first recorded happened 44 years before between Ferdinand Magellan, representing the Spanish crown, and raia Siaiu, king of the island-port of Mazaua. Magellan called the ceremony "casi casi", a Malayan term meaning "to be one and the same thing" or to be blood brothers.[3] At the same time the first recorded Treaty of Peace was entered into on Tuesday, April 9, 1521, by datu Humabon of Cebu and Magellan.[4]

The Order of Sikatuna's composition was expanded from the original four classes by Presidents Diosdado Macapagal and again by Ferdinand E. Marcos.[5][6] In 2003, President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo reformed the Philippine system of orders, medals, and decorations, through Executive Order No. 236, known as the Honors Code of the Philippines which codified the civilian orders, decorations and medals of the Republic of the Philippines.[7] Among its provisions was one renaming the order as simply, "The Order of Sikatuna," and clarifying its protocolar standing.

Ranks

  • Grand Collar (GCS) (Raja) – Conferred upon a former or incumbent Head of State and/or of government
  • Grand Cross (GCrS) (Datu) – The Grand Cross shall have two distinctions: (i) Gold (Katangiang Ginto) and (ii) Silver (Katangiang Pilak). The Grand Cross may be conferred upon a Crown Prince, Vice President, Senate President, Speaker of the House, Chief Justice or the equivalent, foreign minister or other official of cabinet rank, Ambassador, Undersecretary, Assistant Secretary, or other person of a rank similar or equivalent to the foregoing
  • Grand Officer (GOS) (Maringal na Lakan) – Conferred upon a Chargé d'affaires, e.p., Minister, Minister Counselor, Consul General heading a consular post, executive director, or other person of a rank similar or equivalent to the foregoing
  • Commander (CS) (Lakan) – Conferred upon a Chargé d'affaires a.i., Counselor, First Secretary, Consul General in the consular section of an Embassy, Consular officer with a personal rank higher than Second Secretary, Director, or other person of a rank similar or equivalent to the foregoing
  • Officer (OS) (Maginoo) – Conferred upon a Second Secretary, Consul, assistant director, or other person of a rank similar or equivalent to the foregoing
  • Member (MS) (Maharlika) – Conferred upon a Third Secretary, Vice Consul, Attaché, Principal Assistant, or other person of a rank similar or equivalent to the foregoing

Ribbon bars

1953–2003

Order of Sikatuna Ribbon Bars (1953–2003)

Member
Officer
Commander
Grand Officer
Grand Cross
Grand Collar

Since 2003

Order of Sikatuna Ribbon Bars (since 2003)

Member
Officer
Commander
Grand Officer
Grand Cross
Grand Collar

Awardees

Grand Collar and miniature with ribbon bar of the Order of Sikatuna.

Ambassadors

Heads of states and governments

Others

This article incorporates public domain text from the library of the Philippine Congress.

See also

References

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