Mamma Mia! (film)

On the fictional Greek island of Kalokairi, bride-to-be Sophie Sheridan reveals to her bridesmaids that she has secretly invited three men to her wedding without telling her mother, Donna. One is Sophie's father: Irish-American architect Sam Carmichael, Swedish travel writer Bill Anderson, and British banker Harry Bright. Sophie wants her biological father to give her away at the wedding and believes that after spending time with each, she will learn who fathered her.

When the three men arrive on Kalokairi, Sophie does not reveal that she believes that one of them is her father. She explains she sent the wedding invitations, not Donna. She hides the men in Donna's goat house, and they hesitantly agree not to reveal themselves yet, as it is a surprise.

As Donna is working on the goat house, she spies on them. Dumbfounded to find herself facing her former lovers, she demands they leave. Donna confides in her old friends Tanya and Rosie that she truly does not know which of the three fathered Sophie.

Sophie finds the men aboard Bill's sailboat, and they sail around Kalokairi, telling stories of Donna's carefree youth. She attempts to tell her fiancé Sky about her ploy, but loses her nerve.

At Sophie's bachelorette party, Donna is distressed by the three men's presence, but Rosie and Tanya assure her that they will take care of them. Sophie talks with each man alone, but it leaves Sam and Harry questioning their trip. She learns from Bill that Donna received the money for her villa from his great-aunt Sofia.

As a result, Sophie comes to believe that Bill is her father. So she asks him to give her away but keep their secret until the wedding. Sophie's happiness is short-lived, as Sam and Harry each pull her aside to tell her that they are her father and that they will give her away.

In the morning, Donna attempts to comfort Sophie and offers to cancel the wedding; Sophie reacts angrily, saying she wants to avoid her mother's mistakes. Sam attempts to discuss the wedding with Donna, and both realize they still have feelings for each other.

Sophie admits her actions to Sky and asks for his help, but he reacts angrily to her deception. As she prepares for the wedding, Donna admits to her that her mother disowned her after she got pregnant, but she could not be more proud of having her. Donna promises to give Sophie away.

As the bridal party and guests enter the chapel, Sam intercepts Donna, who reveals the pain she felt over losing him. At the wedding, Sam reveals that he had ended his engagement, but returned to find Donna had gone off with another man (Bill).

The three men agree with Sophie that they do not want the paternity confirmed, each agreeing to be one-third of a father for Sophie. Sophie suggests to Sky that they postpone their wedding and travel the world. Sam proposes to Donna, revealing that he is divorced and has always loved her. She happily accepts and they marry on the spot.

• Meryl Streep as Donna Sheridan, Sophie's mother and the owner of the hotel Villa Donna in Greece
• Pierce Brosnan as Sam Carmichael, Sophie's possible father and an Irish-American architect
• Colin Firth as Harry Bright, Sophie's possible father and a British banker
• Stellan Skarsgård as Bill Anderson, Sophie's possible father, a Swedish sailor and travel writer
• Julie Walters as Rosie Mulligan, one of Donna's former bandmates in Donna and the Dynamos; an unmarried, fun-loving author
• Dominic Cooper as Sky Rymand, Sophie's fiancé who is designing a website for the hotel
• Amanda Seyfried as Sophie Sheridan, Donna's 20-year-old daughter and Sky's fiancée
• Christine Baranski as Tanya Chesham-Leigh, Donna's other former bandmate; a rich three-time divorcee
• Rachel McDowall as Lisa, a close friend of Sophie and her bridesmaid
• Ashley Lilley as Ali, a close friend of Sophie and her bridesmaid
• Ricardo Montez as Stannos
• Enzo Squillino Jr. as Gregoris, one of Donna's employees
• Philip Michael as Pepper, a bartender and Sky's best man who takes an interest in Tanya
• Chris Jarvis as Eddie, a friend of Sky and Pepper
• Juan Pablo Di Pace as Petros, Harry's partner
• Niall Buggy as Father Alex, a wedding priest
• Benny Andersson as "Dancing Queen" piano player (uncredited)
• Spencer Kayden as Agnes (uncredited)
• Björn Ulvaeus as Greek god (uncredited)

A soundtrack album was released on July 7, 2008, by Decca in the United States and Polydor internationally. The recording was produced by Benny Andersson. The album features sixteen musical numbers from the film, including a hidden track. The album was nominated at the 51st Annual Grammy Awards for Best Compilation Soundtrack Album for Motion Picture, Television or Other Visual Media. The deluxe edition of the soundtrack album was released on November 25, 2008.

• ^† Featured in the film, but omitted from the soundtrack album.
• ^§ Included on the soundtrack album as a hidden track.

Most of the outdoor scenes were filmed on location at the small Greek islands of Skopelos and Skiathos, in Thessaly (between August 29 and September 2007),^[4][5] and the seaside hamlet of Damouchari in the Pelion area of Greece. On Skopelos, Kastani beach on the southwest coast was the film's main location site.^[4] The producers built a beach bar and jetty along the beach but removed both set pieces after production wrapped.^[4] The wedding procession was filmed at the Agios Ioannis Chapel near Glossa.^[6] A complete set for Donna's Greek villa was built at the 007 stage at Pinewood Studios and most of the film was shot there. Real trees were used for the set, watered daily through an automated watering system and given access to daylight in order to keep them growing. The part of the film where Brosnan's character, Sam, leaves his New York office to go to the Greek Island was actually filmed at the Lloyd's building on Lime Street in the City of London. He dashes down the escalators and through the porte-cochere, where yellow cabs and actors representing New York mounted police were used for verisimilitude.^[7]

The Fernando, Bill Anderson's yacht (actually a ketch) in the film was the Tai-Mo-Shan, built in 1934 by H. S. Rouse at the Hong Kong and Whampoa dockyards.^[8][9]

Meryl Streep took opera singing lessons as a child, and as an adult, she had previously sung in several films, including Postcards from the Edge, Silkwood, Death Becomes Her, and A Prairie Home Companion.^[10] She was a fan of the stage show Mamma Mia! after seeing it on Broadway in September 2001, saying that she found the show to be an affirmation of life in the midst of the destruction of 9/11.^[11] Amy Adams, Brittany Murphy, Busy Philipps, Evan Rachel Wood, Jessica Biel, Kirsten Dunst, Leighton Meester, Mandy Moore, and Zooey Deschanel auditioned for the role of Sophie.^[12] Tom Hanks auditioned for a role in the film, but he was rejected as his singing was "too bad".^[13]

Though the world premiere of the film occurred elsewhere, most of the media attention was focused on the Swedish premiere, where Anni-Frid Lyngstad and Agnetha Fältskog joined Björn Ulvaeus and Benny Andersson with the cast at the Rival Theatre in Mariatorget, Stockholm, owned by Andersson, on July 4, 2008. It was the first time all four members of ABBA had been photographed together since 1986.^[14]

In November 2008, Mamma Mia! became the fastest-selling DVD of all time in the UK, according to Official UK Charts Company figures. It sold 1,669,084 copies on its first day of release, breaking the previous record (held by Titanic) by 560,000 copies. By the end of 2008, the Official UK Charts Company declared that it had become the biggest selling DVD ever in the UK, with one in every four households owning a copy (over 5 million copies sold).^[15] The record was previously held by Pirates of the Caribbean: The Curse of the Black Pearl with sales of 4.7 million copies.

In the United States, the DVD made over $30 million on its first day of release. Mamma Mia! was released on DVD and Blu-ray on December 16, 2008.^[16] By December 31, 2008, Mamma Mia! became the bestselling DVD of all time in Sweden with 545,000 copies sold.^[17]

Mamma Mia! grossed $144.3 million in the United States and Canada, and $550.3 million in other territories, for a worldwide total of $694.6 million, against a production budget of $52 million.^[2][18] It became the highest grossing live-action musical of all time, until it was surpassed by Bill Condon's Beauty and the Beast in 2017. It was also the highest-grossing movie directed by a woman, until it was surpassed by Patty Jenkins' Wonder Woman in 2017.^[19] It is the third highest-grossing film of 2008 internationally (i.e. outside North America) with an international total of $458.4 million and the thirteenth highest gross of 2008 in North America (the US and Canada) with $144.1 million.

The film made $9.6 million on its opening day in the United States and Canada, as well as $27.6 million on its opening weekend, ranking #2 at the box office, behind The Dark Knight.^[20] At the time, it made Mamma Mia! the record-holder for the highest grossing opening weekend for a movie based on a Broadway musical, surpassing Hairspray's box office record in 2007 and later surpassed by Into the Woods.^[21]

In the United Kingdom, Mamma Mia! grossed £69.2 million as of January 23, 2009; it is the thirteenth highest-grossing film of all time at the UK box office.^[22] The film opened at number one in the UK, taking £6.6 million on 496 screens. It managed to hold on to the top spot for two weeks, narrowly keeping Pixar's WALL-E from reaching number one in its second week.^{[citation needed]}

When released on July 3, 2009, in Greece, the film grossed $1.6 million in its opening weekend, reaching number one at the Greek box office.^[23]

On the review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, the film holds an approval rating of 55% based on 183 reviews, with an average rating of 5.60/10. The website's critics consensus reads, "This jukebox musical is full of fluffy fun but rough singing voices and a campy tone might not make you feel like 'You Can Dance' the whole 90 minutes."^[3] On Metacritic, the film has a weighted average score of 51 out of 100, based on 37 critics, indicating "mixed or average" reviews.^[24] Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of "A−" on an A+ to F scale.^[25]

BBC Radio 5 Live's film critic Mark Kermode admitted to enjoying the film, despite describing the experience as "the closest you get to see A-List actors doing drunken karaoke".^[26] Peter Bradshaw of The Guardian was more negative, giving it one star, and expressed a "need to vomit".^[27] Bob Chipman of Escape to the Movies said it was "so base, so shallow and so hinged on meaningless spectacle, it's amazing it wasn't made for men".^[28] The Daily Telegraph stated that it was enjoyable but poorly put together: "Finding the film a total shambles was sort of a shame, but I have a sneaking suspicion I'll go to see it again anyway."^[29] Angie Errigo of Empire said it was "cute, clean, camp fun, full of sunshine and toe tappers."^[30]

The casting of actors not known for their singing abilities led to some mixed reviews. Variety stated that "some stars, especially the bouncy and rejuvenated Streep, seem better suited for musical comedy than others, including Brosnan and Skarsgård."^[31] Brosnan, especially, was savaged by many critics: his singing was compared to "a water buffalo" (New York Magazine),^[32] "a donkey braying" (The Philadelphia Inquirer)^[33] and "a wounded raccoon" (The Miami Herald),^[34] and Matt Brunson of Creative Loafing Charlotte said he "looks physically pained choking out the lyrics, as if he's being subjected to a prostate exam just outside of the camera's eye."^[35]

Mamma Mia! Here We Go Again was announced on May 19, 2017, with a planned release date of July 20, 2018.^[51] It was written and directed by Ol Parker.^[52] It was announced that Seyfried,^[53] Cooper, Streep, Firth and Brosnan would be returning.^[54] In July 2017, Lily James was confirmed to portray young Donna.^[55] The film took almost five months to film and was released in London and Sweden on July 16, 2018, and was released worldwide on July 20, 2018. The film was a commercial success and made $402 million worldwide with a $75 million budget. Reviews were generally positive, with critics praising the performances and musical numbers. The film was released digitally on October 9, 2018, and on DVD on October 23, 2018. It held the top spot on the charts for the week ending November 3, 2018.

• Buona Sera, Mrs. Campbell, a 1968 film about a woman who does not know which of three men is the father of her daughter, which some critics speculate Mamma Mia! was based upon.
• Lace, a 1984 miniseries about a daughter who tries to figure out which of three women is her mother.

• Louise FitzGerald (ed.), Melanie Williams (ed.): Mamma Mia! The Movie: Exploring a Cultural Phenomenon. I.B. Tauris, 2013, ISBN 9781848859425

• Official website
• Mamma Mia! at IMDb
• Mamma Mia! at AllMovie
• Mamma Mia! at Box Office Mojo
• Mamma Mia! at Metacritic
• Mamma Mia! at Rotten Tomatoes
• Mamma Mia! at the British Film Institute^{[better source needed]}