List of minority governors and lieutenant governors in the United States

This is a list of minority governors and lieutenant state governors in the United States. In the United States, an ethnic minority is anyone who has at least one parent who is not of non-Hispanic white descent (such as African Americans, Asian Americans, Pacific Islands Americans, Hispanic and Latino Americans, or Native Americans).^{[according to whom?]} Ethnic minorities currently constitute around 38.9% of the total population.^[1] United States governors are included but lieutenant governor-equivalent roles (positions next in the line of succession absent an office of the lieutenant governor, such as secretary of state or senate president) are not currently included.

List of ethnic-minority governors

Denotes incumbent governor

Italics denotes acting governor

Name	Minority ethnicity	Party	State	Term start	Term end	Notes
P. B. S. Pinchback^[2] (1837–1921)	African American	Republican	Louisiana	December 9, 1872	January 13, 1873	Term ended
Romualdo Pacheco^[3] (1831–1899)	Mexican American	Republican	California	February 27, 1875	December 9, 1875	Term ended
Ezequiel Cabeza De Baca^[4] (1864–1917)	Mexican American	Democratic	New Mexico	January 3, 1917	February 18, 1917	Died in office
Octaviano Larrazolo^[5] (1859–1930)	Mexican American	Republican	New Mexico	January 1, 1919	January 1, 1921	Lost renomination
Johnston Murray^[6] (1902-1974)^[7]	Native American (Chickasaw)^[8]	Democratic	Oklahoma	January 8, 1951	January 10, 1955	Term limited.
George Ariyoshi^[9] (born 1926)	Japanese American	Democratic	Hawaii	October 17, 1973	December 2, 1986	Term limited.
Jerry Apodaca (1934–2023)	Mexican American	Democratic	New Mexico	January 1, 1975	January 1, 1979	Term limited
Raúl Castro^[10] (1916–2015)	Mexican American	Democratic	Arizona	January 6, 1975	October 20, 1977	Resigned
Toney Anaya (born 1941)	Mexican American	Democratic	New Mexico	January 1, 1983	January 1, 1987	Term limited
John Sununu^[11]^[12] (born 1939)	Salvadoran American	Republican	New Hampshire	January 6, 1983	January 4, 1989	Retired
John Waihee^[13] (born 1946)	Native Hawaiian	Democratic	Hawaii	December 2, 1986	December 2, 1994	Term limited
Bob Martinez (born 1934)	Spanish American	Republican	Florida	January 6, 1987	January 8, 1991	Lost reelection
Douglas Wilder^[14] (born 1931)	African American	Democratic	Virginia	January 13, 1990	January 15, 1994	Term limited
Ben Cayetano^[13] (born 1939)	Filipino American	Democratic	Hawaii	December 2, 1994	December 2, 2002	Term limited
Gary Locke^[15] (born 1950)	Chinese American	Democratic	Washington	January 15, 1997	January 12, 2005	Retired
Bill Richardson^[16] (1947–2023)	Mexican American	Democratic	New Mexico	January 1, 2003	January 1, 2011	Term limited
Deval Patrick (born 1956)	African American	Democratic	Massachusetts	January 4, 2007	January 8, 2015	Retired
Bobby Jindal^[17] (born 1971)	Indian American	Republican	Louisiana	January 14, 2008	January 11, 2016	Term limited
David Paterson^[18] (born 1954)	African American	Democratic	New York	March 17, 2008	December 31, 2010	Retired
Susana Martinez (born 1959)	Mexican American	Republican	New Mexico	January 1, 2011	January 1, 2019	Term limited
Brian Sandoval (born 1963)	Mexican American	Republican	Nevada	January 3, 2011	January 7, 2019	Term limited
Nikki Haley^[19] (born 1972)	Indian American	Republican	South Carolina	January 12, 2011	January 24, 2017	Resigned to become Ambassador of the United States to the United Nations
David Ige (born 1957)	Okinawan American	Democratic	Hawaii	December 1, 2014	December 5, 2022	Term limited
Michelle Lujan Grisham^[20]^[21] (born 1959)	Mexican American	Democratic	New Mexico	January 1, 2019	present
Kevin Stitt^[22] (born 1972)	Native American (Cherokee)	Republican	Oklahoma	January 14, 2019	present
Wes Moore (born 1978)	African American	Democratic	Maryland	January 18, 2023	present

Territorial governors

Several governors of U.S. territories have been ethnic minorities. Many of these officials were appointed before elections were instituted in these jurisdictions. In each of the five current U.S. territories, Hispanic or non-white ethnic groups make up large majorities: Puerto Rican Hispanic Americans in Puerto Rico, African Americans in the U.S. Virgin Islands, Chamorros in Guam and the Northern Mariana Islands, and Samoans in American Samoa. Elected governors and some appointed governors in these territories that have come from these majority ethnic groups are not listed here; for more details see List of governors of Puerto Rico, List of governors of the United States Virgin Islands, List of governors of Guam, List of governors of the Northern Mariana Islands, and List of governors of American Samoa.

Denotes incumbent governor

Italics denotes acting governor

Name	Minority ethnicity	Party	Territory/ District	Term start	Term end	Notes
Miguel Otero (1859–1944)	Mexican American	Republican	New Mexico	July 14, 1897	January 22, 1906	Appointment ended
Frank Portusach (1864–1919)	Spanish American	Independent	Guam	June 22, 1898	December 12, 1898	Deposed^[23]
William Coe (1857–1909)	Samoan	Independent	Guam	April 20, 1899	May 9, 1899	Appointment ended
Morris de Castro^[24] (1902–1966)	Panamanian American	Democratic	U.S. Virgin Islands	October 21, 1949	April 9, 1954	Resigned appointment
Samuel King (1886-1959)	Native Hawaiian	Republican	Hawaii	January 28, 1953	July 26, 1957	Resigned appointment
Juan Luis^[25] (1940–2011)	Puerto Rican	Independent Citizens Movement (1978–1979)	U.S. Virgin Islands	January 2, 1978	January 5, 1987	Term limited
Juan Luis^[25] (1940–2011)	Puerto Rican	Independent (1979–1987)	U.S. Virgin Islands	January 2, 1978	January 5, 1987	Term limited
Benigno Fitial (born 1945)	Carolinian	Covenant (2006–2011)	Northern Mariana Islands	January 9, 2006	February 20, 2013	Impeached and removed from office
Benigno Fitial (born 1945)	Carolinian	Republican (2011–2013)	Northern Mariana Islands	January 9, 2006	February 20, 2013	Impeached and removed from office

List of ethnic-minority lieutenant governors

Denotes incumbent lieutenant governor

Italics denotes acting lieutenant governor

Name	Minority ethnicity	Party	State	Term start	Term end	Notes
Pablo de la Guerra (1819–1874)	Mexican American	Democratic	California	January 7, 1861	January 10, 1862	Retired
Oscar Dunn (1826–1871)	African American	Republican	Louisiana	June 27, 1868	November 22, 1871	Died
Alonzo Ransier^[26] (1834–1882)	African American	Republican	South Carolina	December 3, 1870	December 7, 1872	Retired to run successfully for South Carolina's 2nd congressional district
Alexander Kelso Davis^[27] (-1884)	African American	Republican	Mississippi	November 30, 1871	March 29, 1876	Resigned
P. B. S. Pinchback (1837–1921)	African American	Republican	Louisiana	December 6, 1871	December 9, 1872	Elevated to governor
Romualdo Pacheco (1831–1899)	Mexican American	Republican	California	December 8, 1871	February 27, 1875	Elevated to governor
Richard Howell Gleaves (1819–1907)	African American	Republican	South Carolina	December 7, 1872	December 14, 1876	Lost reelection
Caesar Antoine (1836–1921)	African American	Republican	Louisiana	May 22, 1873	April 24, 1877	Lost reelection
Albert Estopinal^[28] (1845–1919)	Spanish American	Democratic	Louisiana	May 8, 1900	May 10, 1904	Retired
Ezequiel Cabeza De Baca (1864–1917)	Mexican American	Democratic	New Mexico	January 6, 1912	January 1, 1917	Retired to run successfully for governor
José Baca (1876–1924)	Mexican American	Democratic	New Mexico	January 1, 1923	May 17, 1924	Died
Louis Cabeza de Baca (1894–1969)	Mexican American	Democratic	New Mexico	January 1, 1935	January 1, 1937	Retired
Ceferino Quintana (1894–1977)	Mexican American	Democratic	New Mexico	January 1, 1941	January 1, 1943	Retired
Joseph Montoya^[29] (1915–1978)	Mexican American	Democratic	New Mexico	January 1, 1947	January 1, 1951	Lost reelection
Joseph Montoya^[29] (1915–1978)	Mexican American	Democratic	New Mexico	January 1, 1955	April 9, 1957	Retired to run successfully for New Mexico's at-large congressional district
Tibo J. Chávez (1912–1991)	Mexican American	Democratic	New Mexico	January 1, 1951	January 1, 1955	Lost reelection
James Kealoha (1908–1983)	Native Hawaiian, Chinese American	Republican	Hawaii	August 21, 1959	December 2, 1962	Retired to run unsuccessfully for the Republican nomination for governor
William S. Richardson (1919–2010)	Native Hawaiian, Chinese American	Democratic	Hawaii	December 2, 1962	April 13, 1966	Resigned to become Chief Justice of the Hawaii Supreme Court
Andrew T. F. Ing (1919–1999)	Chinese American	Democratic	Hawaii	April 13, 1966	December 2, 1966	Returned to previous post as Director of Finance
Thomas Gill^[30] (1922–2009)	Cuban American	Democratic	Hawaii	December 2, 1966	December 2, 1970	Retired to run unsuccessfully for the Democratic nomination for governor
George Ariyoshi (born 1926)	Japanese American	Democratic	Hawaii	December 2, 1970	December 2, 1974	Retired to run successfully for governor
Roberto Mondragón (born 1940)	Mexican American	Democratic	New Mexico	January 1, 1971	January 1, 1975	Retired
Roberto Mondragón (born 1940)	Mexican American	Democratic	New Mexico	January 1, 1979	January 1, 1983	Retired
Nelson Doi (1922–2015)	Japanese American	Democratic	Hawaii	December 2, 1974	December 2, 1978	Retired to run unsuccessfully for the Democratic nomination for Mayor of Honolulu
Mervyn Dymally^[31] (1926–2012)	African American, Indian American	Democratic	California	January 6, 1975	January 8, 1979	Lost reelection
George L. Brown (1926–2006)	African American	Democratic	Colorado	January 14, 1975	January 10, 1979	Retired
Jean King (1925–2013)	Japanese American	Democratic	Hawaii	December 2, 1978	December 2, 1982	Retired to run unsuccessfully for the Democratic nomination for governor
Mike Curb (born 1944)	Mexican American	Republican	California	January 8, 1979	January 3, 1983	Retired to run unsuccessfully for the Republican nomination for governor
John D. Waiheʻe III (born 1946)	Native Hawaiian	Democratic	Hawaii	December 2, 1982	December 2, 1986	Retired to run successfully for governor
S. B. Woo (born 1937)	Chinese American	Democratic	Delaware	January 15, 1985	January 20, 1989	Retired to run unsuccessfully for U.S. Senator from Delaware
Douglas Wilder (born 1931)	African American	Democratic	Virginia	January 18, 1986	January 12, 1990	Retired to run successfully for governor
Ben Cayetano (born 1939)	Filipino American	Democratic	Hawaii	December 2, 1986	December 2, 1994	Retired to run successfully for governor
Casey Luna (born 1931)	Mexican American	Democratic	New Mexico	January 1, 1991	January 1, 1995	Retired to run unsuccessfully for the Democratic nomination for governor
Mazie Hirono^[32] (born 1947)	Japanese American	Democratic	Hawaii	December 2, 1994	December 2, 2002	Retired to run unsuccessfully for governor
Cruz Bustamante (born 1953)	Mexican American	Democratic	California	January 4, 1999	January 8, 2007	Retired to run unsuccessfully for California Insurance Commissioner
Joe Rogers (1964–2013)	African American	Republican	Colorado	January 12, 1999	January 14, 2003	Retired
Loren Leman (born 1950)	Native Alaskan (Alutiiq)	Republican	Alaska	December 2, 2002	December 4, 2006	Retired
Duke Aiona (born 1955)	Native Hawaiian, Chinese American	Republican	Hawaii	December 4, 2002	December 6, 2010	Retired to run unsuccessfully for governor
Jennette Bradley (born 1952)	African American	Republican	Ohio	January 13, 2003	January 5, 2005	Resigned to become Ohio Treasurer
Michael Steele^[33] (born 1958)	African American	Republican	Maryland	January 15, 2003	January 17, 2007	Retired to run unsuccessfully for U.S. Senator from Maryland
David Paterson (born 1954)	African American	Democratic	New York	January 1, 2007	March 17, 2008	Elevated to governor
Anthony Brown (born 1961)	African American	Democratic	Maryland	January 17, 2007	January 21, 2015	Retired to run unsuccessfully for governor
Malcolm Smith (born 1956)	African American	Democratic	New York	January 7, 2009	June 8, 2009	Resigned
Pedro Espada Jr. (born 1953)	Puerto Rican	Democratic	New York	June 8, 2009	July 8, 2009	Resigned
John Garamendi (born 1945)	Basque American	Democratic	California	January 8, 2007	November 3, 2009	Resigned to take seat in the U.S. House of Representatives to which he had been elected
Mona Pasquil (born 1962)	Filipino American	Democratic	California	November 4, 2009	April 27, 2010	Retired
Abel Maldonado (born 1967)	Mexican American	Republican	California	April 27, 2010	January 10, 2011	Lost reelection
John Sanchez (born 1963)	Mexican American	Republican	New Mexico	January 1, 2011	January 1, 2019	Term limited
Jennifer Carroll (born 1959)	African American	Republican	Florida	January 4, 2011	March 12, 2013	Resigned
Joseph Garcia (born 1957)	Mexican American	Democratic	Colorado	January 11, 2011	May 12, 2016	Resigned
Shan Tsutsui (born 1971)	Japanese American	Democratic	Hawaii	December 27, 2012	January 31, 2018	Resigned
Carlos Lopez-Cantera (born 1973)	Cuban American	Republican	Florida	February 3, 2014	January 8, 2019	Retired
Byron Mallott (1943-2020)	Native Alaskan (Tlingit)	Independent	Alaska	December 1, 2014	October 16, 2018	Resigned
Evelyn Sanguinetti (born 1970)	Cuban American, Ecuadorian American	Republican	Illinois	January 12, 2015	January 14, 2019	Lost reelection
Jenean Hampton (born 1958)	African American	Republican	Kentucky	December 8, 2015	December 10, 2019	Retired
Boyd Rutherford (born 1957)	African American	Republican	Maryland	January 21, 2015	January 18, 2023	Term limited
Cyrus Habib (born 1981)	Iranian American	Democratic	Washington	January 11, 2017	January 13, 2021	Retired to become a Jesuit Priest
Justin Fairfax (born 1979)	African American	Democratic	Virginia	January 13, 2018	January 15, 2022	Retired to run unsuccessfully for the Democratic nomination for governor
Sheila Oliver (1952–2023)	African American	Democratic	New Jersey	January 16, 2018	August 1, 2023	Died
Doug Chin (born 1971)	Chinese American	Democratic	Hawaii	February 2, 2018	December 3, 2018	Retired to run unsuccessfully for the Democratic nomination for Hawaii's 1st congressional district
Valerie Davidson (born 1967)	Native Alaskan (Yup'ik)	Independent	Alaska	October 16, 2018	December 3, 2018	Retired
Garlin Gilchrist (born 1982)	African American	Democratic	Michigan	January 1, 2019	present
Howie Morales (born 1973)	Mexican American	Democratic	New Mexico	January 1, 2019	present
Mandela Barnes (born 1986)	African American	Democratic	Wisconsin	January 7, 2019	January 3, 2023	Retired to run unsuccessfully for U.S. Senate.
Peggy Flanagan (born 1979)	Native American (White Earth Band of Ojibwe)	Democratic (DFL)	Minnesota	January 7, 2019	present
Jeanette Nuñez (born 1972)	Cuban American	Republican	Florida	January 8, 2019	present
Juliana Stratton (born 1965)	African American	Democratic	Illinois	January 14, 2019	present
Mark Robinson (born 1968)	African American	Republican	North Carolina	January 3, 2021	present
Sabina Matos (born 1974)	African American, Dominican American	Democratic	Rhode Island	April 14, 2021	present
Andrea Stewart-Cousins (born 1950)	African American	Democratic	New York	August 24, 2021	September 9, 2021	New Lieutenant Governor appointed
Andrea Stewart-Cousins (born 1950)	African American	Democratic	New York	April 12, 2022	May 25, 2022	New Lieutenant Governor appointed
Brian Benjamin (born 1976)	African American	Democratic	New York	September 9, 2021	April 12, 2022	Resigned
Lisa Cano Burkhead (born 1970)	Argentine American, Paraguayan American	Democratic	Nevada	December 16, 2021	January 3, 2023	Lost election to a full term
Winsome Sears (born 1964)	African American,Jamaican American	Republican	Virginia	January 15, 2022	present
Antonio Delgado (born 1977)	African American, Colombian American, Mexican American, Venezuelan American	Democratic	New York	May 25, 2022	present
Sylvia Luke (born 1967)	Korean American	Democratic	Hawaii	December 5, 2022	present
Austin Davis (born 1989)	African American	Democratic	Pennsylvania	January 17, 2023	present
Aruna Miller (born 1964)	Indian American	Democratic	Maryland	January 18, 2023	present
Tahesha Way (born 1971/1972)	African American	Democratic	New Jersey	September 8, 2023	present

Territorial lieutenant governors

In each of the four current U.S. territories that have the office of lieutenant governor, non-white ethnic groups make up large majorities: African Americans in the U.S. Virgin Islands, Chamorros in Guam and the Northern Mariana Islands, and Samoans in American Samoa. Elected governors and some appointed governors in these territories that have come from these majority ethnic groups are not listed here; for more details see Lieutenant Governor of the United States Virgin Islands, Lieutenant Governor of Guam, Lieutenant Governor of the Northern Mariana Islands, and Lieutenant Governor of American Samoa.

Name	Minority ethnicity	Party	Territory	Term start	Term end	Notes
Morris de Castro (1902–1966)	Panamanian American	Democratic	U.S. Virgin Islands	1945	March 4, 1950	Elevated to Acting Governor from October 21, 1949 Later appointed in his own right
Kurt Moylan (born 1939)	Native Hawaiian, Chinese American	Republican	Guam	July 20, 1969	January 6, 1975	Appointed Secretary before being elected lieutenant governor in his own right from January 4, 1971 Lost reelection
Kaleo Moylan (born 1966)	Native Hawaiian, Chinese American	Republican	Guam	January 6, 2003	January 1, 2007	Retired to run unsuccessfully for nomination to governor

References

External links

Rutgers Program on the Governor

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