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List of cryptocurrencies


Since the creation of bitcoin in 2009, the number of new cryptocurrencies has expanded rapidly.[1]

The UK's Financial Conduct Authority estimated there were over 20,000 different cryptocurrencies by the start of 2023, although many of these were no longer traded and would never grow to a significant size.[2]

Active currencies by date of introduction

Year of introductionCurrencySymbolFounder(s)Hash algorithmProgramming language of implementationConsensus mechanismNotes
2009BitcoinBTC,[3] XBT, ₿Satoshi NakamotoSHA-256d[4][5]C++[6]PoW[5][7]The first and most widely used decentralized ledger currency,[8] with the highest market capitalization as of 2018.[9]
2011LitecoinLTC, ŁCharlie LeeScryptC++[10]PoWOne of the first cryptocurrencies to use scrypt as a hashing algorithm.
2011NamecoinNMCVincent Durham[11][12]SHA-256dC++[13]PoWAlso acts as an alternative, decentralized DNS.
2012PeercoinPPCSunny King
(pseudonym)[citation needed]		SHA-256d[citation needed]C++[14]PoW & PoSThe first cryptocurrency to use both PoW and PoS functions.
2013DogecoinDOGE, XDG, ÐJackson Palmer
& Billy Markus[15]		Scrypt[16]C++[14]PoWBased on the Doge internet meme.
2013GridcoinGRCRob Hälford[17]ScryptC++[18]Decentralized PoSLinked to citizen science through the Berkeley Open Infrastructure for Network Computing[19]
2013PrimecoinXPMSunny King
(pseudonym)[citation needed]		1CC/2CC/TWN[20]TypeScript, C++[21]PoW[20]Uses the finding of prime chains composed of Cunningham chains and bi-twin chains for proof-of-work.
2013Ripple[22][23]XRPChris Larsen &
Jed McCaleb[24]		ECDSA[25]C++[26]"Consensus"Designed for peer-to-peer debt transfer. Not based on bitcoin.
2013NxtNXTBCNext
(pseudonym)		SHA-256d[27]Java[28]PoSSpecifically designed as a flexible platform to build applications and financial services around its protocol.
2014AuroracoinAURBaldur Odinsson
(pseudonym)[29]		ScryptC++[30]PoWCreated as an alternative currency for Iceland, intended to replace the Icelandic króna.
2014DashDASHEvan Duffield &
Kyle Hagan[citation needed]		X11C++[31]PoW & Proof of Service[nt 1]A bitcoin-based currency featuring instant transactions, decentralized governance and budgeting, and private transactions.
2014NEONEODa Hongfei & Erik ZhangSHA-256 & RIPEMD160C#[32]dBFTChina based cryptocurrency, formerly ANT Shares and ANT Coins. The names were changed in 2017 to NEO and GAS.
2014MazaCoinMZCBTC Oyate InitiativeSHA-256dC++[33]PoWThe underlying software is derived from that of another cryptocurrency, ZetaCoin.
2014MoneroXMRMonero Core TeamRandomXC++[34]PoWPrivacy-centric coin based on the CryptoNote protocol with improvements for scalability and decentralization.
2014TitcoinTITEdward Mansfield & Richard Allen[35]SHA-256dTypeScript, C++[36]PoWThe first cryptocurrency to be nominated for a major adult industry award.[37]
2014VergeXVGSunerokScrypt, x17, groestl, blake2s, and lyra2rev2C, C++[38]PoWFeatures anonymous transactions using Tor.
2014StellarXLMJed McCalebStellar Consensus Protocol (SCP) [39]C, C++[40]Stellar Consensus Protocol (SCP) [39]Open-source, decentralized global financial network.
2014VertcoinVTCDavid Muller[41]Verthash[42]C++[43]PoWAims to be ASIC resistant.
2015EthereumETH, ΞVitalik Buterin[44]Ethash[45]C++, Go[46]PoW, PoSSupports Turing-complete smart contracts.
2015Ethereum ClassicETCEtcHash/Thanos[47]PoWAn alternative version of Ethereum[48] whose blockchain does not include the DAO hard fork.[49] Supports Turing-complete smart contracts.
2015NanoXNO, ӾColin LeMahieuBlake2C++[citation needed]Open Representative Voting[50]Decentralized, feeless, open-source, peer-to-peer cryptocurrency. First to use a Block Lattice structure.
2015TetherUSDTJan Ludovicus van der Velde[51]Omnicore[52]PoWTether claims to be backed by USD at a 1 to 1 ratio. The company has been unable to produce promised audits.[53]
2016FiroFIROPoramin Insom[54]Merkle tree Proof[55]C++[56]PoWThe first financial system employing Zero-knowledge proof to protect users' privacy.[54] It conducted the world's first large-scale blockchain election for Thailand Democrat Party in 2018.[57]
2016ZcashZECZooko WilcoxEquihashC++[58]PoWThe first open, permissionless financial system employing zero-knowledge security.
2017Bitcoin CashBCH[59]SHA-256dPoWHard fork from bitcoin, increased maximum block size from 1MB to 8MB (as of 2018, 32MB)
2017EOS.IOEOSDan LarimerWebAssembly, Rust, C, C++[60]delegated PoSFeeless Smart contract platform for decentralized applications and decentralized autonomous corporations with a block time of 500 ms.[60]
2017CardanoADA, ₳Charles HoskinsonOuroboros, PoS Algorithm[61]Haskell[62]PoSProof-of-stake blockchain platform: developed via evidence-based methods and peer-reviewed research.[63][64][65]
2017TronTRXJustin SunJava, Solidity[66]
2018AmbaCoinofficial cryptocurrency of the Cameroonian separatist entity of Ambazonia
2018Nervos NetworkCKBKevin Wang, Daniel Lv, Terry TaiEaglesongRust, JavaScript, CPoWMulti-layered blockchain smart contract platform[67]
2019AlgorandALGOSilvio MicaliGo[68]PoSUses a verifiable random function to randomly select groups of users to certify blocks.[69]
2020AvalancheAVAXEmin Gün Sirer, Kevin Sekniqi, Maofan "Ted" YinPoS
2020Shiba InuSHIBRyoshiPoS
2020PolkadotDOTGavin WoodRustPoS
2020SolanaSOLAnatoly YakovenkoRustPoS
2021DeSoDESONader al-Naji (aka diamondhands)[70]Go[71]PoW[72]Also a social media platform, resembling Twitter.[73][74] Known as BitClout until September 2021.[70]
2021SafeMoonSAFEMOONSafeMoon LLCSolidity[75]PoW

Inactive currencies

ReleaseCurrencySymbolFounder(s)Hash algorithmProgramming language of implementationCryptocurrency blockchain
(PoS, PoW, or other)		Notes
2014CoinyeKOI, COYEScryptPoWUsed American hip hop artist Kanye West as its mascot, abandoned after he filed a trademark lawsuit.
OneCoinRuja Ignatova and Stephen GreenwoodA Ponzi scheme promoted as a cryptocurrency.
2017BitConnectBCCBitConnect was described as an open source, all-in-one bitcoin and crypto community platform but was later discovered to be a Ponzi scheme.
2018KodakCoinKodak and WENN DigitalEthash[76]KodakCoin is a "photographer-centric" blockchain cryptocurrency used for payments for licensing photographs.
PetroVenezuelan GovernmentonixCoin[77]C++[78]Stated by Nicolás Maduro to be backed by Venezuela's reserves of oil. As of August 2018 it does not appear to function as a currency.[79]
PlusTokenA ponzi scheme which mainly had investors in China and South Korea.[80]

See also

Notes

References

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