The Chicago "L" is a rapid transit system that serves the city of Chicago and seven of its surrounding suburbs. The system is operated by the Chicago Transit Authority (CTA). On an average weekday, 759,866 passengers ride the "L",[1] making it the second-busiest rapid transit system in the United States, behind the New York City Subway.[2]
![Map depicting the geographic layout of the right rapid transit lines of the Chicago "L" system. All lines except the Yellow Line operate from the central business district (the Loop) in the following directions: north, northwest, west, southwest, and south. Lake Michigan is to the east. The Red Line travels north and south and makes connections with all of the other lines and passes through the Loop. The Brown Line follows a crooked path leading from the northwest to the Loop. It shares a portion of its route with the Red Line but terminates in the Loop. The Purple Line begins somewhat north of the Red Line and connects with it at the Red Line's northern terminus. Below this, the Purple line appears as a dashed route, indicating that service over this portion is only in operation during peak travel periods. The Purple Line then follows the Red Line south until it meets with the Brown Line. After that, it follows the Brown Line route to the Loop and terminates. The Blue Line begins in the far northwest section of the map and its route takes it southwest into the Loop before turning and heading due west from the Loop. The Green Line begins in the western portion of the map just above the straight east-west leg of the Blue Line and heads east into the Loop where it turns and heads south. At its southern end it splits into two short branches: one heads east and the other west. The Pink Line is beneath the east-west leg of the Blue Line and also travels east but then turns north, crosses the east-west leg of the Blue Line, and meets up with the east-west leg of the Green Line. It then follows the Green Line route to the Loop where it terminates. The Orange Line takes a crooked path northeast from the southwest portion of the city into the Loop where it terminates. The Yellow Line (the only line to not pass through the Loop) begins at the northern terminus of the Red Line and heads west. It then turns northwest and continues a short distance before terminating. In the lower left hand corner is a detail of the Loop area. The Loop Elevated is a rectangular section of track which the Brown, Purple, Green, Pink, and Orange Lines operate over. The Red and Blue Lines are depicted as passing beneath the other five lines, indicating that these pass through the area underground. The Brown and Purple enter from the northwest corner from the north. The Pink and western segment of the Green enter from the same corner, but from the west. The Orange and southern portion of the Green enter from the south at the southeastern corner. The Purple, Orange and Pink all make a rectangular circuit of the Loop traveling clockwise. The Brown Line makes the circuit traveling counterclockwise. The Green Line is the only line to traverse the loop without making a circuit. It enters from the west on the northern leg then continues south via the eastern leg.](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Chicago_L_diagram_sb.svg/250px-Chicago_L_diagram_sb.svg.png)
The system began as three separate companies, which built lines traveling from Chicago's central business district to the south and the west. The first of these was the Chicago and South Side Rapid Transit Railroad which opened on June 6, 1892.[3] The Lake Street Elevated Railroad opened the following year and the Metropolitan West Side Elevated Railroad followed in 1895. Initially, the "L" lines operated independently of each other, but in 1897, they were combined into one physically unified system with the completion of the Union Loop and connecting trackage.[4] In 1900, the Northwestern Elevated Railroad entered operation,[5] finalizing the basic structure of the system: a hub and spoke distribution paradigm radiating north, west, and south from downtown Chicago. The system expanded outward from this with new branches or line extensions until 1930.
Due to the ruined financial state of the privately owned Chicago Rapid Transit Company and the Chicago Surface Lines, a public agency (the CTA) was created in 1947 to take over and save the rapid transit and streetcar systems.[6] Starting in 1948, the CTA began systematically shutting down many stations and lines that saw little use in order to improve service and reduce costs. Expansion resumed in September 1969 with the opening of a new line in the median of the Dan Ryan Expressway and continued until October 31, 1993, with the opening of the Orange Line.[7] The newest line the Pink Line, which opened on June 25, 2006 was created by rerouting the Blue Line's Douglas branch into a separate service.[8]
As of March 2021[update], the system has 145 stations on eight lines operating on 224.1 miles (360.7 km) of track.[1] A total of 103 stations are compliant with the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 and are accessible to passengers with disabilities.[9] The majority of "L" stations are named for the streets or intersections on which they are located; others are named for neighborhoods, suburbs, destinations, or a combination of these.[10] The newest station is Washington/Wabash, which opened on August 31, 2017.[11]
Lines
Line | Stations | Termini | Weekday ridership (as of July 2022)[12] |
---|---|---|---|
Blue | 33 | O'Hare ![]() Rosemont (north, select weekday rush hour trains) Jefferson Park (north, select weekday rush hour trains) Forest Park (south, all other trains) UIC-Halsted (south, select weekday rush hour trains)[13] | 66,838 |
Brown | 27 | Kimball (north) The Loop (south, all except nights) Belmont (south, late nights)[14] | 29,531 |
Green | 30 | Harlem/Lake (north) Cottage Grove (south via East 63rd branch) Ashland/63rd (south via Ashland branch) | 20,219 |
Orange | 16 | The Loop[15] Midway ![]() | 15,129 |
Pink | 22 | 54th/Cermak (west) The Loop (east) | 9,834 |
Purple | 26 | Linden (north) Howard (south, shuttle service) The Loop (south, weekday rush hour express service) | 4,558 |
Red | 33 | Howard (north) 95th/Dan Ryan (south) | 98,148 |
Yellow | 3 | Dempster–Skokie (west) Howard (east) | 1,212 |
Stations
|
Gallery
- North/Clybourn is the only station on the Red Line's subway component with fare controls above ground
- One of several stations built on ground level, Oakton–Skokie has head houses built at each end
- The twin head houses of Conservatory–Central Park Drive date back to 1894
- The Midway terminal features both an island platform and a side platform
- The island platform at Jackson/Dearborn conforms to the same structure that all the subway platforms in the Loop have
- Noyes, unlike most stations, has a platform that is only long enough for six cars instead of the usual eight
- Pedestrian access to 63rd is from the bridge spanning the Dan Ryan expressway. Most stations built in highway medians on the Chicago "L" are reached in this way
- Like many stations, Ashland/63rd is an elevated station. Accessibility is provided via an elevator to the station's platform
- Argyle is one of several stations built on a concrete embankment
Planned stations
Station | Lines | Transfers | Location | Planned opening | Structure | Status |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Damen ![]() | Green | — | Near West Side | 2024[75] | Elevated | Under construction[76] |
103rd ![]() | Red | — | Roseland/Washington Heights | December 2029[77] | Elevated | Proposed |
111th ![]() | Red | — | Roseland | December 2029[77] | Elevated | Proposed |
130th ![]() | Red | — | Riverdale | December 2029[77] | At-grade | Proposed |
Michigan ![]() | Red | — | West Pullman | December 2029[77] | Elevated | Proposed |
Notes
- a On May 16, 1908, the Northwestern Elevated Railroad's rapid transit service replaced the service of the Milwaukee Road's Evanston branch north of Sheridan Park (Wilson Avenue).[33] Stations noted existed prior to the start of "L" service.[78]
- b Clark/Lake is listed twice because the elevated and subway sections opened as separate stations in 1895[44] and 1951,[36][37] respectively.
- c Forest Park existed as an interurban station on the Aurora Elgin and Chicago Railway prior to the start of "L" service. March 11, 1905, is the day the Metropolitan West Side Elevated Railroad began operating over the tracks of the AE&C and "L" service began.[51]
References
External links
Media related to Chicago 'L' stations at Wikimedia Commons