Kizilsu Kyrgyz Autonomous Prefecture[a][b] is an autonomous prefecture in western Xinjiang, China, bordering Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan. Its capital is Artux. The prefecture is home to 622,222 people (as of 2020[update]) and covers an area of 70,916 km2 (27,381 sq mi). Most Kyrgyz in China reside in Kizilsu; they make up a little over a quarter of the prefecture's population. The Uyghurs are the largest ethnic group in Kizilsu, consisting of nearly two-thirds of the population.
Kizilsu Kyrgyz Autonomous Prefecture | |
|---|---|
| Name transcription(s) | |
| • Chinese | 克孜勒苏柯尔克孜自治州 |
| • Uyghur | قىزىلسۇ قىرغىز ئاپتونوم ئوبلاستى |
| • Kyrgyz | قىزىلسۇۇ قىرعىز اپتونوم وبلاسى |
.jpg) | |
 Kizilsu Prefecture (red) in Xinjiang (orange) | |
| Country | People's Republic of China |
| Region | Xinjiang |
| Capital | Artux |
| Area | |
| • Total | 70,916 km2 (27,381 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 1,150−7,000+ m (3,800−23,000+ ft) |
| Population (2020 Census) | |
| • Total | 622,222 |
| • Density | 8.8/km2 (23/sq mi) |
| Demographics | |
| • Major ethnic groups |
|
| GDP[2] | |
| • Total | CN¥ 15.9 billion US$ 2.3 billion |
| • Per capita | CN¥ 25,556 US$ 3,698 |
| Time zone | UTC+8 (China Standard) |
| ISO 3166 code | CN-XJ-30 |
| Website | www |
| Kizilsu Kyrgyz Autonomous Prefecture | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chinese name | |||||||||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 克孜勒蘇柯爾克孜自治州 | ||||||||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 克孜勒苏柯尔克孜自治州 | ||||||||||||
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| Uyghur name | |||||||||||||
| Uyghur | قىزىلسۇ قىرغىز ئاپتونوم ئوبلاستى | ||||||||||||
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| Kyrgyz name | |||||||||||||
| Kyrgyz | قىزىلسۇۇ قىرعىز اپتونوم وبلاسى Кызылсуу Кыргыз аптоном обласы Kyzylsuu Kyrgyz aptonom oblasy | ||||||||||||
Etymology
The name Kizilsu (also spelled Kezilesu, derived from Chinese pinyin[4][5]) refers to the Kezi River and means "red water" in the Kyrgyz language.[6] Kiziloy, Kizilto, and the Kizil Caves are nearby places that also use the prefix kizil (red).
History
Kizilsu was within the territory of the First East Turkestan Republic, which lasted from November 1933 to April 1934. The establishment of the short-lived breakaway state was thanks in part to a political and military alliance between Uyghurs and Kyrgyz in western Xinjiang.
The Southern Xinjiang Administrative Office of the People's Republic of China established the Kizilsu Kyrgyz Autonomous Region on 14 July 1954. The autonomous region was reorganised as an autonomous prefecture in February 1955.[7][1]
In 1955, the townships of Barin, Jamaterek, and Ujme were transferred from Yengisar County to Akto County, as was Bulungkol from Taxkorgan Tajik Autonomous County of Kashgar Prefecture.[8]
In April 1990, a protest in Barin against Chinese rule in Xinjiang escalated into an armed insurrection, in what came to be known as the Barin uprising or Barin riot.[9]
Subdivisions
Kizilsu directly administers 1 county-level city and 3 counties.
 (Note: This map does not reflect changes to the China–Tajikistan border.) | |||||||||||
| # | Name | Simplified Chinese | Hanyu Pinyin | Uyghur (UEY) | Uyghur Latin (ULY) | Kyrgyz (Arabic script) | Kyrgyz (Cyrillic script) | Kyrgyz Latin transcription | Population (2020 Census) | Area (km2) | Density (km2) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Artux | 阿图什市 | Ātúshí Shì | ئاتۇش شەھىرى | Atush Shehiri | ارتىش شاارى | Артыш шаары | Artysh shaary | 290,936 | 15,698 | 18.53 |
| 2 | Akto County | 阿克陶县 | Ākètáo Xiàn | ئاقتو ناھىيىسى | Aqto Nahiyisi | ﺍﻗﺘﻮﻭ وودانى | Актоо ооданы | Aktoo oodany | 226,005 | 24,555 | 9.20 |
| 3 | Akqi County | 阿合奇县 | Āhéqí Xiàn | ئاقچى ناھىيىسى | Aqchi Nahiyisi | اقچىي وودانى | Акчий ооданы | Akchiy oodany | 44,369 | 11,545 | 3.84 |
| 4 | Wuqia County[10] | 乌恰县 | Wūqià Xiàn | ئۇلۇغچات ناھىيىسى | Ulughchat Nahiyisi | ۇلۇۇچات وودانى | Улуучат ооданы | Uluuchat oodany | 60,912 | 19,118 | 3.19 |
Demographics
According to the 2020 census, Kizilsu has 622,222 inhabitants with a population density of 6.36 inhabitants per km2. Most Kyrgyz in China (80 per cent) reside in Kizilsu.[11] As of 2013[update], 27 per cent of the inhabitants of the prefecture were Kyrgyz.[12]
- Population by ethnicity
| Nationality | 2000[13] | 2010[14] | 2018[15] | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Population | % | Population | % | Population | % | |
| Uyghur | 281,306 | 63.98% | 339,926 | 64.68% | 413,655 | 66.24% |
| Kyrgyz | 124,533 | 28.32% | 143,582 | 27.32% | 163,863 | 26.24% |
| Han | 28,197 | 6.41% | 35,629 | 6.78% | 39,292 | 6.29% |
| Tajiks | 4,662 | 1.06% | 5,547 | 1.06% | 6,097 | 0.98% |
| Hui | 432 | 0.10% | 447 | 0.08% | 586 | 0.09% |
| Uzbek | 44 | 0.01% | 196 | 0.03% | ||
| Kazakhs | 88 | 0.02% | 180 | 0.03% | ||
| Manchu | 33 | 0.01% | 86 | 0.01% | ||
| Mongol | 40 | 0.01% | 66 | 0.01% | ||
| Tatars | 35 | 0.01% | ||||
| Sibe | 33 | 0.01% | ||||
| Russians | 5 | <0.01% | ||||
| Daur | 2 | <0.01% | ||||
| Tibetan | 51 | 0.01% | ||||
| Tujia | 49 | 0.01% | ||||
| Others | 558 | 0.13% | 134 | 0.03% | 400 | 0.06% |
| Total | 439,688 | 100% | 525,570 | 100% | 624,496 | 100% |
Government
Party secretary
- Yan Fenxin
- Zeng Cun
- Zhang Jinbiao
- Liu Huijun[16]
- An Zhengyu
Governor
- Horigul Jappar (1998–2006)[17]
- Perhat Turdi (2007–2016)
- Dilshat Kidirhan (2017–present)[16]
Notes
References
External links
