Howard da Silva

Da Silva was born in Cleveland, Ohio, the son of Bertha (née Sen) and Benjamin Silverblatt, a dress cutter. His parents were both Yiddish-speaking Jews born in Russia. His mother was a women's-rights activist.^[3] Before beginning his acting career on the stage, he was employed as a steelworker.^{[citation needed]}

Da Silva was a graduate of the Carnegie Institute of Technology and studied acting with Eva Le Gallienne beginning in 1928 at the Civic Repertory Theatre.^[3] He changed his surname to the Portuguese Da Silva (the name is sometimes misspelled Howard De Silva).^[4]

Da Silva appeared in a number of Broadway musicals, including the role of Larry Foreman in the legendary first production of Marc Blitzstein's musical, The Cradle Will Rock (1938).^[5] Later, he costarred in the original 1943 stage production of Rodgers and Hammerstein's Oklahoma!, playing the role of the psychopathic Jud Fry. He was the easygoing Ben Marino who opposed Tammany Hall in the Pulitzer winning musical Fiorello!.

In 1969, da Silva originated the role of Benjamin Franklin in the musical 1776. Four days before the show opened on Broadway, he suffered a minor heart attack but refused to seek medical assistance because he wanted to make sure critics saw his performance. After the four official critic performances were over, the cast left to go to the cast party and da Silva went to the hospital and immediately took a leave of absence from the production.^[6] While da Silva recuperated, his understudy, Rex Everhart, took over the role^[7] and performed on the cast recording. Da Silva was able to reprise his role in the 1972 film version and appeared on that soundtrack album.

Da Silva did summer stock at the Pine Brook Country Club, located in the countryside of Nichols, Connecticut, with the Group Theatre (New York) formed by Harold Clurman, Cheryl Crawford and Lee Strasberg in the 1930s and early 1940s.^[8][9]

Da Silva appeared in over 60 motion pictures. Some of his memorable roles include a leading mutineer in The Sea Wolf (1941), Ray Milland's bartender in The Lost Weekend (1945), and the half-blind criminal "Chicamaw 'One-Eye' Mobley" in They Live by Night (1949). He also released an album on Monitor Records (MP 595) of political songs and ballads entitled Politics and Poker.^[10]

Da Silva returned to the stage, and he was nominated for the 1960 Tony Award for Best Featured Actor in a Musical for his role as "Ben Marino" in Fiorello! (1959). After being blacklisted, da Silva and Nelson left Los Angeles for New York to perform in The World of Sholom Aleichem.^[11]

Da Silva was nominated for the British BAFTA Film Award for Best Foreign Actor for his performance as Dr. Swinford in David and Lisa (1962).^[12] Da Silva portrayed Soviet Premier Khrushchev in the television docudrama The Missiles of October (1974). He won the Emmy Award for Outstanding Performance by a Supporting Actor in a Comedy or Drama Special for his role as Eddie in Verna: U.S.O. Girl (1978) with Sissy Spacek.

Da Silva's TV guest appearances, after the era in which blacklisting was strongest, include such programs as The Outer Limits, Ben Casey, The Man from U.N.C.L.E., The Fugitive, Gentle Ben, Mannix, Love, American Style, Kung Fu, and Archie Bunker's Place.

Da Silva also played President Franklin D. Roosevelt in The Private Files of J. Edgar Hoover (1977), Hollywood mogul Louis B. Mayer in Mommie Dearest (1981), and American statesman Benjamin Franklin in both 1776 (1972) and a documentary depicting the life of Ben Franklin shown at Franklin's house in Philadelphia, as well as in a television commercial for Consolidated Edison. He appeared in two different film adaptations of F. Scott Fitzgerald's 1925 novel, The Great Gatsby. In the 1949 production with Alan Ladd as Gatsby, da Silva played garage owner George Wilson; in the 1974 film with Robert Redford, da Silva was Meyer Wolfsheim, the flamboyant gambler with the interesting cufflinks. In his final appearance on screen, da Silva played a New York photographer fascinated with the reclusive Greta Garbo in the film Garbo Talks (1984), directed by Sidney Lumet.

He also did voice acting in 26 episodes of the popular 1974–82 radio thriller series CBS Radio Mystery Theater (between July 1974 and February 1977).^[13] In 1978, he recorded linking narration for episodes of the British television program Doctor Who broadcast in the United States.

Da Silva became one of hundreds of artists blacklisted in the entertainment industry during the House Committee on Unamerican Activities investigation into alleged Communist influence in the industry. Following his March 1951 testimony, in which he repeatedly invoked his Fifth Amendment rights,^[14] his lead performance in the completed feature film Slaughter Trail was re-shot with actor Brian Donlevy.^[15] Da Silva continued to find work on the New York stage, but did not work in feature films again until 1961 when he appeared in David and Lisa (a BAFTA-nominated performance).^[12][16] He was eventually cleared of any charges in 1960,^[17] but not before his career in television had also stalled, with no work between 1951 and 1959 when he appeared in The Play of the Week. The brief respite was followed by another television career void until his appearance in a 1963 episode of The Defenders. That was the beginning of the end of da Silva's blacklist, and the show's producer Herb Brodkin paired da Silva with William Shatner when he created the television series For the People.^[18]

Da Silva's first wife was Evelyn Horowitz. They were married on August 13, 1930, in Manhattan, New York City.^[19]

His second wife was stage actress Jane Louise Taylor, born in 1913 in New York.^[20] They were married in January 1941 in Yuma, Arizona, and had one son.^[21][22] They were divorced on July 28, 1948 in Los Angeles, California.^[23]

His third wife was actress Marjorie Nelson; they were married on August 19, 1950, in Hollywood, California.^[24][25] Da Silva and Nelson had two daughters and were divorced on May 9, 1961, in Juárez, Mexico.^[26]

His fourth wife was Nancy Nutter; they were married in May or June 1961 in Greenwich, England.^[27]

Da Silva died of lymphoma, aged 76, in Ossining, New York.^[3]

Howard da Silva provided linking narration for North American broadcasts of Doctor Who, providing continuity announcements for episodes from season 12 through season 15, ostensibly to help North American audiences get acclimatized to the nature of serial storytelling, which was then uncommon on non-soap-operatic television in the United States and Canada. His narration accompanied the earliest runs of Doctor Who as broadcast on American PBS stations and Canadian broadcasters like TVOntario during the 1970s and early 1980s. Typically, after Doctor Who had been run on a station for a while, the linking narration was removed as unnecessary.^[134] Nevertheless, the announcements were so familiar a part of some viewers' experience of Doctor Who that they became a standard extra feature on BBC DVD releases of early Tom Baker serials.^[135]

From 1974 to 1977, da Silva was a regular player on CBS Radio Mystery Theater.^[136]

• Buhle, Paul; Wagner, David (2004). Hide in Plain Sight: The Hollywood Blacklistees in Film and Television, 1950–2002. Palgrave Macmilla. ISBN 978-1-4039-6684-1.
• Erickson, Hal (2009). Encyclopedia of Television Law Shows. McFarland. ISBN 978-0-7864-3828-0.
• Frommer, Myrna Katz; Frommer, Harvey (2014). It Happened on Broadway: An Oral History of the Great White Way. Rowman & Littlefield. ISBN 978-1-58979-916-5.
• Gertel, Elliott (2003). Over the Top Judaism: Precedents and Trends in the Depiction of Jewish Beliefs and Observances in Film and Television. University Press of America. ISBN 978-0-7618-2624-8.
• Ghiglione, Loren (2008). CBS's Don Hollenbeck An Honest Reporter in the Age of McCarthyism. Columbia University Press. ISBN 978-0-231-51689-1.
• Heitland, Jon (1987). The Man from U.N.C.L.E. Book: The Behind-the-Scenes Story of a Television Classic. St. Martin's Griffin. ISBN 978-0-312-00052-3.
• Humphries, Reynold (2010). Hollywood's Blacklists: A Political and Cultural History. Edinburgh University Press. ISBN 978-0-7486-2456-0.
• Laster, Kathy; Breckweg, Krista; King, John (2000). The Drama of the Courtroom. Federation Press. ISBN 978-1-86287-339-1.
• Monush, Barry (1965). The Encyclopedia of Hollywood Film Actors. Applause Theatre & Cinema Books. ISBN 978-1-55783-551-2.
• Ryskind, Allen H. (2015). Hollywood Traitors: Blacklisted Screenwriters – Agents of Stalin, Allies of Hitler. Regnery History. ISBN 978-1-62157-206-0.
• Roberts, Jerry (2003). The Great American Playwrights on the Screen: A Critical Guide to Film, TV, Video and DVD. Applause Theatre & Cinema Books. ISBN 978-1-55783-512-3.
• Room, Adrian (2010). Dictionary of Pseudonyms. McFarland. ISBN 978-0-7864-5763-2.
• Rose, Philip (2004). You Can't Do That on Broadway!: A Raisin in the Sun and Other Theatrical Improbabilities. Limelight Editions. ISBN 978-0-87910-960-8.
• Sainer, Albert (1998). Zero Dances: A Biography of Zero Mostel. Limelight Editions. ISBN 978-0-87910-096-4.
• Shatner, William; Fisher, David (2008). Up Till Now: The Autobiography. St. Martin's Press. ISBN 978-0-312-37265-1.
• Suskin, Steven (2010). Show Tunes: The Songs, Shows, and Careers of Broadway's Major Composers. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-531407-6.
• Terrace, Vincent (2011). Encyclopedia of Television Shows, 1925 through 2010, 2d ed. McFarland. ISBN 978-0-7864-6477-7.
• Terrace, Vincente (2013). Television Specials: 5,336 Entertainment Programs, 1936–2012, 2d ed. McFarland. ISBN 978-0-7864-7444-8.

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Howard da Silva.

• Howard da Silva at the Internet Broadway Database
• Howard da Silva at IMDb 
• CBS Radio Mystery Theater at Internet Archive
• Howard da Silva at Film Reference
• Politics and Poker on Folkways Records