Heteroconchia is a taxonomic infraclass of diverse bivalve molluscs, belonging to the subclass Autobranchia.[1]
| Heteroconchia | |
|---|---|
 | |
| The venerid species Austrovenus stutchburyi, the New Zealand cockle, is sold internationally as sea food. | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Mollusca |
| Class: | Bivalvia |
| Subclass: | Autobranchia |
| Infraclass: | Heteroconchia J. E. Gray, 1854 |
| Subterclasses | |
This infraclass includes the cockles, Venus clams,[1] the freshwater mussels, brooch clams, as well as Heterodonta and Archiheterodonta.[2]
Description
These bivalves are distinguished by having the two halves of the shell equally sized (i.e, they are equivalved) and having a few cardinal teeth separated from a number of long lateral teeth. Their shells lack a nacreous layer, and the gills are lamellibranch in form. Most species have a siphon.[3]
Orders and families
The following tree is their info which has been updated with the latest information from the World Register of Marine Species:[1]
Infraclass: Heteroconchia
- Unclassified family: †Lipanellidae
- Subterclass: Archiheterodonta[4][5]
- Order: †Actinodontida[6]
- Superfamily: †Amnigenioidea
- Family: †Amnigeniidae
- Family: †Montanariidae
- Family: †Zadimerodiidae
- Superfamily: †Anodontopsoidea
- Family: †Actinodontidae
- Family: †Anodontopsidae
- Family: †Baidiostracidae
- Family: †Cycloconchidae
- Family: †Intihuarellidae
- Family: †Redoniidae[7]
- Superfamily: †Nyassoidea
- Family: †Nyassidae
- Superfamily: †Oriocrassatelloidea
- Family: †Crassatellopsidae
- Family: †Oriocrassatellidae
- Superfamily: †Palaeomuteloidea
- Family: †Palaeomutelidae
- Superfamily: †Amnigenioidea
- Order: Carditida[8]
- Unclassified family: †Archaeocardiidae
- Unclassified family: †Eodonidae
- Superfamily: Carditoidea
- Family: †Cardiniidae
- Family: Carditidae
- Family: Condylocardiidae
- Superfamily: Crassatelloidea
- Family: †Aenigmoconchidae
- Family: Astartidae
- Family: Crassatellidae
- Family: †Myophoricardiidae
- Order: †Actinodontida[6]
- Subterclass: Euheterodonta[9]
- Unassigned Euheterodonta[10]
- Superfamily: †Babinkoidea
- Superfamily: †Orthonotoidea
- Superorder: Anomalodesmata[11]
- Superfamily: Clavagelloidea
- Family: Clavagellidae
- Family: Penicillidae
- Superfamily: Cuspidarioidea
- Family: Cuspidariidae
- Family: Halonymphidae
- Family: Protocuspidariidae
- Family: Spheniopsidae
- Superfamily: Myochamoidea
- Family: Cleidothaeridae
- Family: Myochamidae
- Superfamily: Pandoroidea
- Family: Lyonsiidae
- Family: Pandoridae
- Superfamily: Pholadomyoidea
- Family: †Arenigomyidae
- Family: †Margaritariidae
- Family: Parilimyidae
- Family: Pholadomyidae
- Family: †Ucumariidae
- Superfamily: Poromyoidea
- Family: Cetoconchidae
- Family: Poromyidae
- Superfamily: Thracioidea
- Family: †Burmesiidae
- Family: Clistoconchidae
- Family: Laternulidae
- Family: Periplomatidae
- Family: Thraciidae
- Superfamily: Verticordioidea
- Family: Euciroidae
- Family: Lyonsiellidae
- Family: Verticordiidae
- Superfamily: Clavagelloidea
- Superorder: Imparidentia[12]
- Unassigned Imparidentia
- Unassigned Family: †Palaeocarditidae
- Superfamily: Cyamioidea
- Family: Cyamiidae
- Family: Galatheavalvidae
- Family: Sportellidae
- Superfamily: Gaimardioidea
- Family: Gaimardiidae
- Superfamily: †Grammysioidea
- Family: †Grammysiidae
- Family: †Sanguinolitidae
- Superfamily: †Kalenteroidea
- Family: †Kalenteridae
- Order: Adapedonta[13]
- Superfamily: †Edmondioidea
- Family: †Edmondiidae
- Family: †Pachydomidae
- Superfamily: Hiatelloidea
- Family: Hiatellidae
- Superfamily: Solenoidea
- Superfamily: †Edmondioidea
- Order: Cardiida[14]
- Superfamily: Cardioidea
- Family: Cardiidae
- Family: †Pterocardiidae
- Superfamily: Tellinoidea
- Family: Donacidae
- Family: †Icanotiidae
- Family: Psammobiidae
- Family: †Quenstedtiidae
- Family: Semelidae
- Family: Solecurtidae
- Family: †Sowerbyidae
- Family: †Tancrediidae
- Family: Tellinidae
- Family: †Unicardiopsidae
- Superfamily: Cardioidea
- Order: Galeommatida[15]
- Superfamily: Galeommatoidea
- Family: Basterotiidae
- Family: Galeommatidae
- Family: Lasaeidae
- Superfamily: Galeommatoidea
- Order: Gastrochaenida[16]
- Superfamily: Gastrochaenoidea
- Family: Gastrochaenidae
- Superfamily: Gastrochaenoidea
- Order: †Hippuritida (rudists)[17]
- Suborder: †Hippuritidina
- Superfamily: †Caprinoidea
- Family: †Antillocaprinidae
- Family: †Caprinidae
- Family: †Caprinuloideidae
- Family: †Ichthyosarcolitidae
- Superfamily: †Radiolitoidea
- Family: †Caprinulidae
- Family: †Caprotinidae
- Family: †Diceratidae
- Family: †Hippuritidae
- Family: †Monopleuridae
- Family: †Plagioptychidae
- Family: †Polyconitidae
- Family: †Radiolitidae
- Family: †Trechmannellidae
- Superfamily: †Caprinoidea
- Suborder: †Requieniidina
- Superfamily: †Requienioidea
- Family: †Epidiceratidae
- Family: †Requieniidae
- Superfamily: †Requienioidea
- Suborder: †Hippuritidina
- Order: Lucinida[18]
- Superfamily: Lucinoidea
- Family: Lucinidae
- Family: †Mactromyidae
- Family: †Paracyclidae
- Superfamily: Thyasiroidea
- Family: Thyasiridae
- Superfamily: Lucinoidea
- Order: †Megalodontida[19]
- Superfamily: †Mecynodontoidea
- Family: †Beichuaniidae
- Family: †Congeriomorphidae
- Family: †Mecynodontidae
- Family: †Plethocardiidae
- Family: †Prosocoelidae
- Superfamily: †Megalodontoidea
- Family: †Ceratomyopsidae
- Family: †Dicerocardiidae
- Family: †Megalodontidae
- Family: †Pachyrismatidae
- Family: †Wallowaconchidae
- Superfamily: †Mecynodontoidea
- Order: †Modiomorphida[20]
- Superfamily: †Modiomorphoidea
- Family: †Cypricardiniidae
- Family: †Hippopodiumidae
- Family: †Modiomorphidae
- Family: †Palaeopharidae
- Family: †Tusayanidae
- Superfamily: †Modiomorphoidea
- Order: Myida[21]
- Superfamily: Dreissenoidea
- Family: Dreissenidae
- Superfamily: Myoidea
- Family: Corbulidae
- Family: Myidae
- Family: †Pleurodesmatidae
- Family: †Raetomyidae
- Superfamily: Pholadoidea
- Family: Pholadidae
- Family: Teredinidae (shipworms)
- Family: Xylophagaidae
- Superfamily: †Pleuromyoidea
- Family: †Ceratomyidae
- Family: †Pleuromyidae
- Family: †Vacunellidae
- Superfamily: Dreissenoidea
- Order: Sphaeriida[22]
- Superfamily: Sphaerioidea
- Family: †Neomiodontidae
- Family: Sphaeriidae
- Superfamily: Sphaerioidea
- Order: Venerida[23]
- Superfamily: †Anthracosioidea
- Family: †Anthracosiidae
- Family: †Ferganoconchida
- Family: †Shaanxiconchidae
- Superfamily: Arcticoidea
- Family: Arcticidae
- Family: †Pollicidae
- Family: Trapezidae
- Family: †Veniellidae
- Superfamily: Chamoidea
- Family: Chamidae
- Superfamily: Cyrenoidea
- Family: Cyrenidae
- Family: Cyrenoididae
- Family: Glauconomidae
- Superfamily: Glossoidea
- Family: Glossidae
- Family: Kelliellidae
- Family: †Lutetiidae
- Family: Vesicomyidae
- Superfamily: Hemidonacoidea
- Family: Hemidonacidae
- Superfamily: Mactroidea
- Family: Anatinellidae
- Family: Cardiliidae
- Family: Mactridae
- Family: Mesodesmatidae
- Superfamily: †Palaeanodontoidea
- Family: †Palaeanodontidae
- Superfamily: †Prilukielloidea
- Family: †Prilukiellidae
- Family: †Senderzoniellidae
- Superfamily: Ungulinoidea
- Family: Ungulinidae
- Superfamily: Veneroidea
- Family: †Isocyprinidae
- Family: Neoleptonidae
- Family: Veneridae
- Superfamily: †Anthracosioidea
- Unassigned Imparidentia
- Unassigned Euheterodonta[10]
- Subterclass: Paleoheterodonta[24]
- Unassigned Family: Lyrodesmatidae[25]
- Unassigned Family: Pseudarcidae
- Unassigned Family: Thoraliidae
- Order: Unionida
- Unassigned Genus †Araripenaia
- Unassigned Family †Pachycardiidae
- Superfamily Etherioidea
- Superfamily †Silesunionoidea
- Superfamily †Tamesnelloidea
- Superfamily Unionoidea
- Order: Trigoniida
- Superfamily †Megatrigonioidea
- Superfamily Myophorelloidea
- Superfamily Pseudocardinioidea
- Superfamily Trigonioidea
- Superfamily Trigonioidoidea
- Superfamily Trigonodoidea
- Subterclass: Heterodonta
References
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