Fauna of Toronto

There are 24 species of amphibians and reptiles that are considered native species within the city limits of Toronto, with most populations concentrated in the wetlands found in the city.^[1] Six of these native species were listed under the federal Species at Risk Act.^[1] The following amphibian and reptile species (sorted by family) may be found throughout the City of Toronto:

At least 195 bird species were confirmed to breed in the area, with a total of 410 species of birds recorded in the Greater Toronto Area (either breeding, in migration, or vagrant).^[1][31] A number of birds pass through the Toronto while migrating, with the city being situated around where the Atlantic and the Mississippi migratory flyways converge.

The following bird species (sorted by family) have been spotted in the City of Toronto, and Greater Toronto:^[31]

There is approximately 100 species of coldwater, coolwater, and warmwater fish found within the waterways of Greater Toronto.^[1] The following fish species are found in the creeks, ponds, and rivers that make up the Toronto waterway system, and the Toronto waterfront along Lake Ontario:^[33][34]

There are 38 species of mammals that reside within Toronto, although these numbers have fluctuated due to environmental changes and loss of natural habitats during the past century.^[1] The following mammals (sorted by family) may be found throughout the City of Toronto:^{[note 1][35]}

The historic range for several mammal species once extended into the City of Toronto. However, as the city developed, the natural range for several mammals receded beyond the city limits. At least 11 species of mammals were extirpated from the region.^[1] The historic range for the following mammals once included Toronto, but were pushed beyond the city limits prior to 1912:^[35]

Within the city of Toronto, there exists approximately 110 species of butterflies, although this number is prone to fluctuations as a result of a varied environment from year to year.^[1] There is approximately six families of bees in Toronto, which includes 37 genera and 364 species of bees in Toronto.^[1] Past published records estimate that there are 25 genera and approximately 200 species of spiders in Toronto; 24 of which were introduced to the region.^[1] However, it is estimated that the actual number of species that exist in the city is approximately three times larger.^[1] The following insects may be found throughout the City of Toronto including:^{[citation needed]}

• Fauna of Canada
• List of Toronto parks
• Native trees in Toronto
• Toronto and Region Conservation Authority

• Wildlife in the City