Saudi Pro League

The Saudi Pro League (SPL),[a] known as the Roshn Saudi League (RSL)[b] for sponsorship reasons, is the highest division of association football in the Saudi league system.

Saudi Pro League
Organising bodySaudi Arabian Football Federation (SAFF)
Founded1976; 48 years ago (1976)
CountrySaudi Arabia
ConfederationAFC
Number of teams18 (since 2023–24)
Level on pyramid1
Relegation toSaudi First Division League
Domestic cup(s)King Cup
Super Cup
International cup(s)AFC Champions League Elite
AFC Champions League Two (King's Cup Winners or league fourth placed team)
Arab Club Champions Cup
Current championsAl-Hilal (19th title)
(2023–24)
Most championshipsAl-Hilal (19 titles)
Most appearancesMohamed Al-Deayea (406)
Top goalscorerMajed Abdullah (189)
TV partnersShahid and SSC (MENA)
Sponsor(s)Roshn
Websitespl.com.sa
Current: 2024–25 Saudi Pro League

The first season of competition was the 1976–77 season.[1] The league had been operating as a round-robin tournament from its inaugural season until the 1989–90 season, after that the Saudi Federation decided to merge the football League with the King's Cup in one tournament and the addition of the Golden Box. The Golden Box would be an end of season knockout competition played between the top four teams of the regular league season. These teams would play at a semi-final stage to crown the champions of Saudi Arabia. The league reverted to a round-robin system in the 2007–08 season.

The association is also regularly ranked with the highest coefficient in Asia due to successful and consistent performances in the AFC Champions League Elite by its clubs. Al-Hilal is the most successful team, holding 19 titles in its history and most recently winning the title in 2023–24. Al-Shabab, Al-Ittihad and Al-Nassr are also some of the most successful teams in the league.

Beginning in 2023, the league started experiencing widespread international exposure due to attracting numerous top level players from European leagues through financially lucrative contracts, immediately becoming a star-studded league. The nation's Public Investment Fund took 75% stakes in four founding members (Al-Ahli, Al-Ittihad, Al-Hilal, and Al-Nassr) in the same year as part of the Saudi Vision 2030 program.

History

Up until the late 1950s, football in Saudi Arabia was organized on a regional basis, with the King's Cup being the only nationwide tournament. In 1957, the first qualification process consolidated the regional tournaments of the Central, West, East, and North regions. Clubs competed in their regional leagues to qualify for the King's Cup, which was the final stage of the competition. The winner of the King's Cup was not the league winner.[2]

1976 saw the start of the first-ever professional football league in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia with eight teams, the following season the number of clubs increased to ten. The 1981–82 season saw the merger of both the Saudi Premier League and the Saudi First Division for that season exclusively to the concern of the 1982 FIFA World Cup qualification process. Twenty teams were divided into two groups, A and B. The top two in each group would enter a semi-final stage to determine the overall champions. In the following season which reverted to regular round-robin competition, the number of first-division clubs was later increased to 12 in the 1984–85 season.[citation needed]

In December 1990, the Saudi Arabian Football Federation decided to merge the league with the King Cup in one tournament, it was decided to revamp local competitions and introduce professional football. A new league championship was formed called "The Custodian of The Two Holy Mosques League Cup", which was a two-stage championship. The first stage was a regular double round-robin league competition with the top 4 qualifying for the final knockout stage, called the golden box. Clubs were allowed to sign players on a professional basis making the league semi-professional. This system lasted for seventeen seasons before reverting to a regular round-robin competition. The league became fully professional in 2007.[3]

As of 2024, depending on the nation's coefficient, three teams from Saudi Arabia qualify for the AFC Champions League Elite annually. This includes the top three positions of the league, the winner of the King Cup qualify for the AFC Champions League Two. If the winner of the King Cup is also among the top three teams then the fourth-best team qualifies for the AFC Champions League Two.

2023 Saudi "Revolution"

The Saudi Pro League made international headlines in 2023 due to many players from other leagues, particularly those in Europe, transferring to clubs for the 2023–24 season. Cristiano Ronaldo was the first star signing to the league, with the BBC deeming that he led this "revolution" in Asian football.[4] Upon his move to Al-Hilal, Neymar also credited Ronaldo for the immediate transformation of the league.[5] Other players who joined the league include Ballon d'Or-holder Karim Benzema, N'Golo Kanté, Roberto Firmino, Sergej Milinković-Savić, Sadio Mané, Riyad Mahrez and Jordan Henderson.[6][7] According to Spanish publication Marca the league has "shaken up the European transfer market".[8] The nation's Public Investment Fund took 75% stakes in four founding members (Al-Ahli, Al-Ittihad, Al-Hilal, and Al-Nassr) in June 2023 as part of the Saudi Vision 2030 program.[9] These actions have been criticised by many sporting journalists and human rights activists, who have described the transfers as part of a sportswashing scheme by the Saudi government.[6][10]

Sponsorship

From the 2009–10 season until the 2012-13 season, the league was sponsored by Zain Group and was known as "Zain league".[11] From the 2013–14 season until the 2017–18 season, Abdul Latif Jameel was the sponsor and the league was known as "Jameel league", from the 2018–19 season until the 2021-22 season major restructuring of Saudi football, under which the league's name reverted to the "Saudi Pro League".[12][11][13] From the 2022–23 season, for a five-year period, the sponsor of the league is Roshn and the league is known as "Roshn Saudi League", Roshn is a real estate division of the Public Investment Fund.[14]

Sponsorship names

  • No Sponsorship (1974–2008)
  • Zain Group Pro league (2009–2013)
  • Abdul Latif Jameel Pro league (2014–2017)
  • No Sponsorship (2018–2021)
  • Roshn Saudi league (2022–present)

Competition format

Competition

There are 18 clubs in the Saudi Pro League. During the course of a season (usually from August to May) each club plays the other clubs twice (a double round-robin system), once at their home stadium and once at that of their opponents, for 34 games. Teams receive three points for a win and one point for a draw. No points are awarded for a loss. Teams are ranked by position on the league table depending on points, then the head-to-head record between the tied teams is taken into consideration, and then goal difference.[citation needed]

Promotion and relegation

A system of promotion and relegation exists between the Saudi Pro League and Saudi First Division League. The three lowest-placed teams in the Saudi Pro League are relegated to the First Division, in the first division the top two teams are promoted to the Pro League directly, a play-off system to determine the third team to be promoted alongside the two. Teams placed between third and sixth position took part in the promotion play-offs. The fifth-placed would face the fourth, while the sixth-placed team would face the third. The final would be single-legged, hosted by the higher-placed team.

Current Teams 2024-25

Stadiums

Note: Table lists in alphabetical order.
TeamLocationStadiumCapacity
Al-AhliJeddahKing Abdullah Sports City62,345
Al-EttifaqDammamAl-Ettifaq Club Stadium15,000[15]
Al-FatehAl-Hasa (Hofuf)Al-Fateh Club Stadium11,000[16]
Al-FayhaAl Majma'ahAl Majma'ah Sports City7,000
Al-HilalRiyadhKingdom Arena26,000
Al-IttihadJeddahKing Abdullah Sports City62,345
Al-KhaleejSaihatPrince Mohamed bin Fahd Stadium (Dammam)35,000
Al-KholoodAr RassAl-Hazem Club Stadium8,000[17]
Al-NassrRiyadhAl-Awwal Park25,000
Al-OkhdoodNajranPrince Hathloul bin Abdul Aziz Sports City12,000[18]
Al-OrobahSakakahAl-Orobah Club Stadium7,000[19]
Al-QadsiahKhobarPrince Saud bin Jalawi Stadium15,000[20]
Al-RaedBuraidahKing Abdullah Sport City Stadium25,000
Al-RiyadhRiyadhPrince Turki bin Abdul Aziz Stadium15,000[21]
Al-ShababRiyadhAl-Shabab Club Stadium15,000
Al-TaawounBuraidahKing Abdullah Sport City Stadium
Al-Taawoun Club Stadium
25,000
5,961
Al-WehdaMeccaKing Abdul Aziz Stadium38,000
DamacKhamis MushaitPrince Sultan bin Abdul Aziz Stadium (Abha)
Damac Club Stadium
20,000
5,000

Personnel and kits

TeamManagerCaptainKit manufacturerShirt sponsor
Al-Ahli Matthias Jaissle Roberto FirminoAdidasRed Sea Global, Neoleap, SIRC, Urpay1, Kayanee1, Qaid2, Saudi German Hospital2, Vveyon3
Al-Ettifaq Steven Gerrard Georginio Wijnaldum Tempo SportHongqi, Kammelna, Aldyar Alarabiya, Tameeni, Procare Hospital1, Qaid2, Direct2
Al-Fateh Slaven Bilić Mohammed Al-Fuhaid100°Al-Jabr Finance, Fuschia, Tameeni, Al Kifah Holding1, Malakan1, Direct2, Skkah2
Al-Fayha Vuk Rašović Sami Al-KhaibariSkillanoAfaq Al Arabya, Tameeni, Tasooma, Al Tazaj1, Aromatic1, Mashar Water1, Soum2, Reefi2, Summer Holidays3
Al-Hilal Jorge Jesus Salman Al-FarajPumaSavvy, Jahez, Riyad Bank1, Seven1, Floward2, Sanabil Investments2
Al-IttihadTBA Ahmed HegazyNikeRoshn, SRJ Sports Investments, Nua1
Al-Khaleej Pedro Emanuel Fábio MartinsLaserYelo, Tameeni, Mezaj, Shemagh Al Bassam1, Locate1, Reefi1, Qaid2
Al-Kholood Fabiano Flora Tareq Al-KaebiIn-HouseYelo, Wav Water2
Al-Nassr Luís Castro Cristiano RonaldoAdidasKAFD, AROYA Cruises, Noug2
Al-Okhdood Noureddine Zekri Hussain Al-ZabdaniSkillanoNajran Cement, Tameeni, Florina1, Abdal1, Qaid2
Al-Qadsiah MíchelTBAMacron
Al-Orobah Rusmir Cviko Rafea Al-RuwailiOffsideYelo
Al-Raed Igor Jovićević Mohamed FouzairChallengeAlajlan Riviera, Tameeni, Dinar, Al Tazaj1, Al Qassim National Hospital1, Peanut Butter & Co.2, Qaid2
Al-Riyadh Odair Hellmann Knowledge MusonaZeusYelo, Direct, Al Saif, Shumou Investment1, AlDakheel Oud1, Wataniya Finance1, Mothhelah2, Wav Water3
Al-Shabab Vítor PereiraTBAOffsideDiaar, Tameeni, Ego1, Almanea1, NOB Agency2, Wosul3
Al-TaawounTBA Aschraf El MahdiouiMacronGREE, Aldyar Alarabiya, Mothhelah, Tameeni, Khadeer Tea1, Alnadeg1, Hayat National Hospital1, Suom2, Abdal2, Dr Nutrition3
Al-WehdaTBA Waleed BakshweenOffsideYelo, Tameeni, NTAM1, Qaid2, Makkah Medical Center2
Damac Cosmin Contra Farouk ChafaïSkillanoBasic Electronics, Tameeni, Reefi, Hayat National Hospital1, Bin Thaliba1, AlBayt AlRomancy1, Qaid2
  • 1 On the back of the strip.
  • 2 On the right sleeve of the strip.
  • 3 On the shorts.

Managerial changes

TeamOutgoing managerManner of
departure
Date of vacancyPosition in tableIncoming managerDate of
appointment
Al-Kholood Fabiano FloraEnd of contract1 June 2024Pre-season Paulo Duarte21 June 2024[22]
Al-Taawoun Péricles Chamusca
Al-Wehda Georgios Donis
Al-Khaleej Pedro EmanuelResigned23 June 2024[23]

Champions

List of champions

NoSeasonChampionRunners Up
11974–75Al-NassrAl-Hilal
21976–77Al-HilalAl-Nassr
31977–78Al-AhliAl-Nassr
41978–79Al-HilalAl-Nassr
51979–80Al-NassrAl-Hilal
61980–81Al-NassrAl-Hilal
71981–82Al-IttihadAl-Shabab
81982–83Al-EttifaqAl-Hilal
91983–84Al-AhliAl-Ittihad
101984–85Al-HilalAl-Shabab
111985–86Al-HilalAl-Ittihad
121986–87Al-EttifaqAl-Hilal
131987–88Al-HilalAl-Ettifaq
141988–89Al-NassrAl-Shabab
151989–90Al-HilalAl-Ahli
161990–91Al-ShababAl-Nassr
171991–92Al-ShababAl-Ettifaq
181992–93Al-ShababAl-Hilal
191993–94Al-NassrAl-Riyadh
201994–95Al-NassrAl-Hilal
211995–96Al-HilalAl-Ahli
221996–97Al-IttihadAl-Hilal
231997–98Al-HilalAl-Shabab
241998–99Al-IttihadAl-Ahli
251999–00Al-IttihadAl-Ahli
262000–01Al-IttihadAl-Nassr
272001–02Al-HilalAl-Ittihad
282002–03Al-IttihadAl-Ahli
292003–04Al-ShababAl-Ittihad
302004–05Al-HilalAl-Shabab
312005–06Al-ShababAl-Hilal
322006–07Al-IttihadAl-Hilal
332007–08Al-HilalAl-Ittihad
342008–09Al-IttihadAl-Hilal
352009–10Al-HilalAl-Ittihad
362010–11Al-HilalAl-Ittihad
372011–12Al-ShababAl-Ahli
382012–13Al-FatehAl-Hilal
392013–14Al-NassrAl-Hilal
402014–15Al-NassrAl-Ahli
412015–16Al-AhliAl-Hilal
422016–17Al-HilalAl-Ahli
432017–18Al-HilalAl-Ahli
442018–19Al-NassrAl-Hilal
452019–20Al-HilalAl-Nassr
462020–21Al-HilalAl-Shabab
472021–22Al-HilalAl-Ittihad
482022–23Al-IttihadAl-Nassr
492023–24Al-HilalAl-Nassr

Performance by club

#ClubWinnersRunners-up
1Al-Hilal
19
14
2Al-Ittihad
9
8
3Al-Nassr
9
8
4Al-Shabab
6
6
5Al-Ahli
3
9
6Al-Ettifaq
2
3
7Al-Fateh
1
0
8Al-Riyadh
0
1

Total titles won by city

CityNumber of titlesClubs
Riyadh
34
Al-Hilal (19), Al-Nassr (9), Al-Shabab (6)
Jeddah
12
Al-Ittihad (9), Al-Ahli (3)
Dammam
2
Al-Ettifaq (2)
Al-Ahsa
1
Al-Fateh (1)

League participation

As of 2024, 38 clubs have participated in the Saudi football top division.

Only three clubs didn't get relegated,  Al-Nassr, Al-Hilal, Al-Ittihad.

Note: The tallies below include up to the 2024–25 season. Teams denoted in bold are current participants.[citation needed]

Top scorers

All-time top scorers

As of matches played 23 May 2024[24][25]

Boldface indicates a player still active in the Pro League.

RankPlayerGoalsAppsRatioFirstLastClub(s)
1 Majed Abdullah1891940.9719771997Al-Nassr
2 Nasser Al-Shamrani1673010.5520032019Al-Wehda, Al-Shabab, Al-Hilal, Al-Ittihad
3 Omar Al Somah1441800.8020142022Al-Ahli
4 Abderrazak Hamdallah1291370.9420182024Al-Nassr, Al-Ittihad
5 Fahd Al-Hamdan1202520.4819842000Al-Riyadh
6 Yasser Al-Qahtani1122060.5420002018Al-Qadsiah, Al-Hilal
7 Mohammad Al-Sahlawi1112570.4320052022Al-Qadsiah, Al-Nassr, Al-Shabab, Al-Taawoun
8 Sami Al-Jaber1012680.3819882007Al-Hilal
9 Hamzah Idris9619922007Ohod, Al-Ittihad
10 Obeid Al-Dosari9119962005Al-Wehda, Al-Ahli

Top scorers by season

SeasonNat.Top scorer(s)Club(s)Goals
1974–75 Mohammad S. AbdeliAl-Nassr13
1976–77 Nasser EidAl-Qadsiah7
1977–78 Motamad KhojaliAl-Ahli14
1978–79 Majed AbdullahAl-Nassr18
1979–80 Majed AbdullahAl-Nassr17
1980–81 Majed AbdullahAl-Nassr21
1981–82 Khalid Al-Ma'ajilAl-Shabab22
1982–83 Majed AbdullahAl-Nassr14
1983–84 Hussam Abu DawoodAl-Ahli14
1984–85 Hathal DosariAl-Hilal15
1985–86 Majed AbdullahAl-Nassr15
1986–87 Mohammad SuwaidiAl-Ittihad17
1987–88 Khalid Al-Ma'ajilAl-Shabab12
1988–89 Majed AbdullahAl-Nassr19
1989–90 Sami Al-JaberAl-Hilal16
1990–91 Fahad Al-MehallelAl-Shabab20
1991–92 Saeed Al-OwairanAl-Shabab16
1992–93 Sami Al-JaberAl-Hilal18
1993–94 Moussa N'DawAl-Hilal15
1994–95 Fahd Al-HamdanAl-Riyadh15
1995–96 Ohene KennedyAl-Nassr14
1996–97 Ahmed BahjaAl-Ittihad21
1997–98 Sulaiman Al-HadaithyAl-Najma15
1998–99 Obeid Al-DosariAl-Wehda20
1999–00 Hamzah IdrisAl-Ittihad33
2000–01 Paulo da SilvaAl-Ettifaq13
2001–02 Diene FayeAl-Riyadh10
2002–03 Carlos TenorioAl-Nassr15
2003–04
Godwin Attram
Kandia Traoré
Al-Shabab
Al-Hilal
15
2004–05 Mohammed MangaAl-Shabab15
2005–06 Essa Al-MehyaniAl-Wehda16
2006–07 Godwin AttramAl-Shabab13
2007–08 Nasser Al-ShamraniAl-Shabab18
2008–09
Nasser Al-Shamrani
Hicham Aboucherouane
Al-Shabab
Al-Ittihad
12
2009–10 Mohammad Al-ShalhoubAl-Hilal12
2010–11 Nasser Al-ShamraniAl-Shabab17
2011–12
Nasser Al-Shamrani
Victor Simões
Al-Shabab
Al-Ahli
21
2012–13 Sebastián TagliabuéAl-Shabab19
2013–14 Nasser Al-ShamraniAl-Hilal21
2014–15 Omar Al SomahAl-Ahli22
2015–16 Omar Al SomahAl-Ahli27
2016–17 Omar Al SomahAl-Ahli24
2017–18 Ronnie FernándezAl-Fayha13
2018–19 Abderrazak HamdallahAl-Nassr34
2019–20 Abderrazak HamdallahAl-Nassr29
2020–21 Bafétimbi GomisAl-Hilal24
2021–22 Odion IghaloAl-Hilal24
2022–23 Abderrazak HamdallahAl-Ittihad21
2023–24 Cristiano RonaldoAl-Nassr35

Records

Broadcasters

As of 18 June, 2024
CountryBroadcasterRef.
 Middle East and North AfricaShahid
Saudi Sports Company
[26]
 AustriaDAZN[27]
 Belgium
 Canada
 Germany
 Ireland
 United Kingdom
 Australia10 Play[28]
BalkansSport Klub[26]
 BrazilParamount+
Canal GOAT
CaribbeanDSports
South America
 ChinaBilibili
Migu TV
Tencent
Zhibo8
 FranceCanal+[29]
 GreeceCosmote Sport[26]
 HungarySpíler TV[30]
 IndiaSony Sports Network[31]
 ItalyLa7
Sportitalia
 IsraelSport 5
 JapanAbema
 MyanmarSky Net[32]
 PortugalSport TV[33]
 RomaniaPrima Sport[34]
 South KoreaSPOTV[35]
 Hong Kong
South East Asia
Sub-Saharan AfricaStarTimes Sports[36]
 SpainMarca.com[37]
 TurkeyS Sport[38]
TV8.5
 United StatesFox Sports[39]
 VietnamVieON[40]

Notes

See also

References