Endangered plants of Europe

Endangered plants of Europe, the list below contains plants that dwell in or migrate to any region in Europe and any nearby islands of the Atlantic Ocean. This includes plants that are found in the East Atlantic Ocean (Azores), Iceland, the Adriatic Sea, the Sea of Azov, the Black and Caspian Sea, Corsica, Cyprus, Palearctic, Russia, Eurasia, North African Coast, the Mediterranean Sea and islands located in the Mediterranean Sea, and the islands of Spain (Canary, Balearic). As of 2007, twenty-one percent of Europe's vascular plant species (flowering plants, conifers and ferns) are classified as threatened, according to the IUCN.[1] The list below was compiled from data on the IUCN Red List of Endangered Species (IUCN) and "Earth's Endangered Creatures" (Online).[2] The International Union for Conservation of Nature,[3] identifies species in need of attention before approaching extinction and works to increase prevention of extinction. The list below includes vulnerable (VU), endangered (EN), critically endangered (CR), and recently extinct (EX) species.[3]

Antirrhinum subbaeticum.
The Barbaricina Colombine or Aquilegia barbaricina.
The Dragon Tree or Dracaena.
Heberdeniaexcelsa.
The Lonicera Ciliosa is a species of Honeysuckle.
Juniper.
The Nuragica Columbine is threatened in Spain.Aquilegia nuragica.
Rhamnus integrifolia.
Sea Marigold.

Threatened plants of Europe and their locations

PLANT NAMESTATUS[3]RANGE/REGION
Akamas Centaury (Centaurea akamantis)CRCyprus
Allium iatrouinumCRGreece
Antirrhinum subbaeticumENIt originated from Italy but was introduced into Spain
Apid den Bermejo (Apium bermejoi)CRSpain
Arran Service-tree (Sorbus pseudofennica)CRUnited Kingdom
Astragalus cavanillesiiCRSpain
Avon Gorge Whitebeam (Sorbus avonensis)CRUnited Kingdom
Azores Juniper (Juniperus brevifolia)VUPortugal (Azores)
Barbaricina Colombine (Aquilegia barbaricina)CRItaly
Berberis maderensisCRPortugal
Betula celtiberica???Spain (possibly Great Britain)
Betula klokoviiCRUkraine
Brimeura duvigneaudiiCRSpain
Bryoxiphium madeirenseENPortugal
Buglosse Crépu (Anchusa crispa)CRFrance, Italy
Bully Tree (Sideroxylon marginatum)CRCape Verde, Portugal, Spain
Bupleuro delle (Bupleurum elatum)CRMadoni Italy
Bupleuro di Marettimo (Bupleurum dianthifolium)CRItaly
Calligonum tristeCRKazakhstan
Canary Islands Juniper (Juniperus cedrus)CRPortugal (Madeira); Spain (Canary Is.)
Canary Strawberry Tree (Arbutus canariensis)???Spain (Canary Islands)
Canutillo del Teide (Silene nocteolens)CRSpain (Canary Is.)
Cardón de Jandía (Euphorbia handiensis)VUSpain (Canary Is.)
Carum foetidum???Algeria, Spain
Casey's Larkspur (Delphinium caseyi)CRCyprus
Centranthus amazonumCRItaly (Sardegna)
Centaurea borjaeENSpain
Centranthus trinervisENFrance
Cerastium sventeniiENSpain (Canary Islands)
Cheddar Whitebeam (Sorbus cheddarensis)CRUnited Kingdom
Cineraria (Senecio elodes)ENSpain
Conservilla Majorera (Salvia herbanica)CRSpain (Canary Is.)
Cornish Path Moss (Ditrichum cornubicum)CRUnited Kingdom
Cretan Zelkova (Zelkova abelicea)ENGreece
Crimean Rowan (Sorbus tauricola)CRUkraine
Cyprus Cedar (Cedrus brevifolia)VUCyprus
Derbyshire Feather-moss (Thamnobryum angustifolium)CRUnited Kingdom
Distichophyllum carinatumCRAustria, Germany and Switzerland
Dracaena draco (Canary Islands dragon tree)ENPortugal (Madeira), Spain (Canary Islands)
Echinodium setigerumENPortugal (Madeira)
Echinodium spinosumENPortugal (Madeira) and Spain (Canary Is.)
Echium acanthocarpumCRSpain (Canary Islands)
Echium callithyrsumVUSpain (Canary Is.)
Echium gentianoidesVUSpain (Canary Is.)
Echium handienseCRSpain (Canary Is.)
Echium portosanctenseCRPortugal
Erysimum kykkoticumCRCyprus
Evans's Whitebeam (Sorbus evansii)CRUnited Kingdom
Falsa Sanicola (Petagnaea gussonei)ENItaly
Flueggea anatolicaENTurkey
Gradsteinia torrenticolaVUSpain
Gyrocaryum oppositifoliumVUSpain
Harz' Mehlbeere (Sorbus harziana)CRGermany
Heberdenia excelsaVUPortugal (Madeira), Spain (Canary Islands)
Helianthemum guerraeENSpain
Maltese Everlasting (Helichrysum melitense)CRMalta
Medicago citrinaCRSpain
Hieracium lucidumCRItaly
Horstrissea dolinicolaCRGreece
Jaramago de Alboran (Diplotaxis siettiana)CRSpain
Jasione mansanetianaENSpain
Kythrean Sage (Salvia veneris)CRCyperus
Lamyropsis microcephalaCRItaly
Larkspur (Delphinium iris)CRTurkey
Ligusticum huteriCRSpain
Limonium strictissimumENFrance, Italy
Lithodora nitidaENSpain
Llangollen Whitebeam (Sorbus cuneifolia)ENUnited Kingdom
Llanthony Whitebeam (Sorbus stenophylla)ENUnited Kingdom
Lonicera karataviensisCRKazakhstan
Lunetiere de Rotges (Biscutella rotgesii)CRFrance
Lysimachia minoricensisEW (Extinct in the Wild)Spain
Maltase Cliff-oracheENMalta
Maltese Centaury (Cheirolophus crassifolius)CRMalta
Malus niedzwetzkyanaENAfghanistan, China, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan
Manzanilla de Sierra Nevada (Artemisia granatensis)ENSpain
Maura Scannell's Whitebeam (Sorbus scannelliana)CRIreland
Meierotts Mehlbeere (Sorbus meierottii)CRGermany
Megrelian Birch (Betula megrelica)CRGeorgia
Minuartia dirphyaCRGreece
Moehringia fontqueriENSpain
Morris Squill (Scilla morrisii)ENCyprus
Myrica rivas-martineziiCRSpain (Canary Islands)
Narcissus gaditanus???Portugal, Spain
Narcissus lusitanicusVUPortugal, Spain
Narcissus nevadensisENSpain
Narcissus willkommiiENPortugal
Naufraga balearicaCRSpain
Nees’ Hornwort (Anthoceros neesii)CRAustria, Czech Republic, Germany, Poland
No Parking Tree (Sorbus admonitor)ENUnited Kingdom
Nuragica Columbine (Aquilegia nuragica)CRItaly
Ochyraea tatrensisCRSlovakia
Orthotrichum handienseCRSpain (Canary Is.)
Pleiomeris canariensisCRSpain (Canary Islands)
Polygala helenaeCRGreece (East Aegean Is.)
Polygala sinisicaCRItaly
Pyrus anatolica???Turkey
Radula jonesiiENPortugal, Spain (Canary Islands)
Rhamnus integrifolia???Spain (Canary Islands)
Riccia atlanticaCRPortugal (Madeira)
Salviablanca de Doramas (Sideritis discolor)CRSpain (Canary Is.)
Salix canariensis???Portugal (Madeira); Spain (Canary Is.)
Salix xanthicolaVUBulgaria, Greece
Saponaria jageliiCRGreece
Sardinian Currant (Ribes sardoum)CRItaly
Scapania sphaeriferaCRRussia
Schuwerk Mehlbeere (Sorbus schuwerkiorum)CRGermany
Sea Marigold (Calendula maritima)CRItaly
Serbian Spruce (Picea omorika)ENBosnia and Herzegovina
Ship Rock Whitebeam (Sorbus parviloba)CRUnited Kingdom
Shrubby Buckwheat (Atraphaxis muschketowi)ENKazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan
Sibiraea tianschanicaCRKazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan
Sicilian Fir (Abies nebrodensis)CRItaly
Silene de Ifac (Silene hifacensis)ENSpain and Baleares
Silene marizii???Portugal, Spain
Silene orphanidisENGreece
Solenanthus reverchoniiCRSpain
Sorbus barrandienicaCRCzechia
Sorbus busambarensisCRItaly
Sorbus cuculliferaCRAustria, Czechia
Sorbus thayensisCRAustria, Czechia
Sorbus milensisCRCzechia
Sorbus moravicaCRCzechia
Sorbus paucaCRCzechia
Sorbus portae-bohemicaeCRCzechia
Sorbus spectansCRUnited Kingdom
Sorbus tobaniCRHungary
Sorbus rhodantheraCRCzechia
Spiraeanthus schrenkianusENKazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan
Star Thistle (Centaurea corensis)CRItaly
Stonecress (Aethionema retsina)CRGreece
Succisella andreae-molinaeENSpain
Teucrium balthazaris???Spain
Thin-Leaved Whitebeam (Sorbus leptophylla)ENUnited Kingdom
Troodos Rockcress (Arabis kennedyae)CRCyprus
Twin Cliffs Whitebeam (Sorbus eminentoides)CRUnited Kingdom
Urartuan Milkwort (Polygala urartu)ENArmenia
White's Whitebeam (Sorbus whiteana)CRUnited Kingdom
Würzburger Mehlbeere (Sorbus herbipolitana)CRGermany
Yesquera Roja (Helichrysum monogynum)ENSpain (Canary Is.)
Yesquera Amarilla (Helichrysum gossypinum)VUSpain (Canary Is.)
Yorkshire Feather-moss (Thamnobryum cataractarum)CRUnited Kingdom
Zelkova siculaCRItaly

Conservation

Propragation has been conducted using in vitro techniques in facilities across the country. This method of conservation is used in parts of the world to preserve plants for as long as possible. In vitro propagation has allowed materialto be kept in in vitro gene banks, and this will expand withdeeper developments in cryopreservation technology.An increasing number of botanic gardens now have in vitro facilities,and information on techniques is distributed between these inaddition to cultures.[4]

See also

References