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Elizabeth Emblem

The Elizabeth Emblem is a national form of recognition conferred by the monarch and awarded to the next of kin of members of the United Kingdom emergency services who are killed on duty.[1][2] It is named in tribute to Queen Elizabeth II.[1][2] It is the civilian equivalent of the Elizabeth Cross.[1][2]

History

On 9 March 2024, the introduction of the Elizabeth Emblem was announced by the government.[3]

Design

The emblem is silver in colour and oval.[4] At the top is a Tudor Crown above the inscription 'For A Life Given In Service', surrounded by a rosemary wreath; a traditional symbol of remembrance. The name of the person commemorated is inscribed on the back.[3]

The emblem includes a pin, allowing it to be worn by a next of kin of the person it is commemorating. A miniature of the emblem will accompany it, which can be worn by the recipient at 'that person's discretion'. The emblem is not intended to be worn directly with other medals.[3]

Recipients of the Elizabeth Emblem will also receive a memorial scroll inscribed with the name of the person commemorated. A close relative who is not the next of kin, for example a parent or partner, may be eligible for an additional memorial scroll, but not the emblem.[3]

Criteria

There are three criteria for a person to be eligible for an Elizabeth Emblem:[3]

Public service

  • A person was employed in a role by, on behalf of, or formally funded by, an eligible body. The definition of an eligible body will be granted by the UK government, a devolved government (Welsh, Scottish and Northern Ireland), local government, a Crown Dependency or a British Overseas Territory;
  • A person worked, either paid or voluntary at the behest of an eligible body, including any person with a formal contract or agreement to work for an eligible body, or ordered to provide a service;
  • A person worked as part of emergency services personnel (either paid or voluntary), dealing directly or indirectly with emergencies. This will include front-line workers, as well as those working in control rooms, all working for emergency services of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, a Crown Dependency or a British Overseas Territory. It also includes those who worked for mountain, cave and water rescue, weather and natural disaster response services and HM Coastguard; and,
  • A person is not eligible to be commemorated by the granting of the Elizabeth Cross.

Circumstance of death

  • A person's death occurred directly as a result of them taking action whilst in the course of their duty;
  • A person was targeted on or off duty, as a result of their role or action they had taken;
  • A person's death occurred during an operational call out, whether this was routine or for an emergency, whereby they died as a result of their response to the call;
  • A person's death occurred due to them acting in assisting in an emergency situation that they were trained for, even if they were not formally on duty at the time;
  • A person's death that occurred as a result of illness or injury attributable to their service; and,
  • At the time of the person's death or during serving their organisation, they were not engaging in a criminal act or in such a way to place themselves or others at additional risk to their life.

Occurrence of death

  • A person's death must have occurred on or after 1 January, 1948; or,
  • A person's death must have taken place in Palestine between 27 September 1945 and 31 December 1947.

Nationality

  • A person who has died may be of any nationality, however, if they were not a British citizen, the granting of the Emblem will be on agreement of the state in which they held citizenship

List of potential recipients

This is a list of potential recipients of the Elizabeth Emblem as collated from other articles on emergency service workers who have died in the line of duty.

NameRank/RoleAgeForce/ServiceDate of deathCircumstances
Graham SavilleSgt46Nottinghamshire Police29 August 2023Fatally injured after being struck by a train trying to reach a distressed man on the track.[a]
Matt RatanaSgt54Metropolitan Police25 September 2020Shot while a man was being detained in a police custody centre[5][6]
Nicholas DumphreysPC47Cumbria Police26 January 2020Car accident caused by known fault within the N57 engine in the BMW police vehicle he was driving whilst responding to emergency call.[7][8]
Jonathan Marc HickenDC47Dorset Police6 October 2019Collapsed and died while travelling to duty.[9]
Andrew HarperPC28Thames Valley Police15 August 2019Dragged by vehicle while investigating a burglary report[10]
Gareth BrowningPC36Thames Valley Police1 April 2017Struck by suspect vehicle while deploying a stinger in 2013[11]
Keith PalmerPC48Metropolitan Police22 March 2017Stabbed during Westminster terrorist attack
David PhillipsPC34Merseyside Police5 October 2015Run over whilst attempting to deploy a Stop Stick device in a pursuit [12][13][14]
Phillipa ReynoldsPC27Police Service Northern Ireland9 February 2013Killed when a stolen car hit her police car.[15]
Adele Yvette CashmanDC30Metropolitan Police5 November 2012Collapsed while pursuing robbery suspects[16]
Fiona BonePC32Greater Manchester Police18 September 2012Killed in gun and grenade ambush
Nicola HughesPC23
Ian Dibell GMPC41Essex Police9 July 2012Shot while off duty and confronting an armed man[17]
Ronan KerrPC25Police Service Northern Ireland2 April 2011Killed by a Republican terrorist car bomb outside his home.[15]
Alan BannonWF38Hampshire Fire and Rescue Service6 April 2010Bannon and a colleague were responding to a fire in a tower block in Southampton. Firefighters had difficulties fighting the fire and the coroner's report stated that Bannon and Shears had died after being exposed to "sudden exposure to initially intense heat from 20.38 to 20.41 and thereafter to excessive heat while dealing with a fire in a flat on the 9th floor of the high-rise tower block Shirley Towers".[18][19]
Gary TomsPC37Metropolitan Police11 April 2009Thrown from police vehicle during pursuit[20]
Stephen CarrollPC48Police Service Northern Ireland9 March 2009Shot by Republican terrorists whilst responding to 999 call.[15]
Brian DeanWF49West Midlands Fire Service3 December 2008Dean and his crew (Bluewatch) from Bloxwich Fire Station were returning after dealing with an overturned car incident. Dean suffered a fatal heart attack.[21]
Kevin Declan GormanPC24Police Service Northern Ireland23 November 2008Car accident whilst responding to emergency call.[15]
Declan GreenePC39
James Robert Bawn MageePC27
Kenneth Thomas IrvinePC30
Ian James MortonDC32Dorset Police26 October 2008Killed in a road traffic collision whilst travelling to report for duty at Bournemouth, in the early morning, when his vehicle left the road and crashed into the wall of a bungalow at Highcliffe.[22]
John AverisWF27Warwickshire Fire and Rescue Service2 November 2007The 2007 Warwickshire warehouse fire; A fire broke out at a vegetable packing warehouse near to Atherstone-on-Stour in Warwickshire in November 2007. Averis and two colleagues, Ashley Stephens and Darren Yates-Bradley, were not recovered for four days afterwards due to the instability of the structure after it had collapsed. A fourth colleague, Ian Reid, was pulled from the burning building alive, but died later in hospital.[23]
Jonathan Charles HenryPC36Bedfordshire Police11 June 2007Stabbed
Richard GrayPC43West Mercia Constabulary6 May 2007Shot[24]
Joseph Geoffrey CarrollPC46Northumbria Police13 April 2006Traffic collision while transporting a prisoner[20]
Sharon BeshenivskyPC38West Yorkshire Police18 November 2005Shot while responding to an armed robbery[20]
Billy FaustWF36London Fire Brigade20 July 2004Faust and his colleague, Adam Meere, were in the basement of a burning building in Bethnal Green, London. An inquest into their deaths later stated that fire officers had not realised the strength of the flames and that a hose had been burnt through. It was also suggested that when colleagues opened doors to vent the building, a flashover occurred and burnt the men to death.[25][26]
Michael SwindellsDC44West Midlands Police21 May 2004Stabbed[20]
Ian Nigel BroadhurstPC34West Yorkshire Police26 December 2003Shot during the Leeds police shootings[20]
Andrew JamesPC38South Wales Police2 August 2003Accidentally run over while pursuing suspect[27][b]
Andrew Edmund ClintonWF53West Midlands Fire Service17 March 2003Clinton was working at the top of a hydraulic platform at Bournbrook Fire Station when he fell sustaining fatal injuries.[28]
Stephen Robin OakeDC40Greater Manchester Police14 January 2003Stabbed[20]
Gerald WalkerPC42Nottinghamshire Police9 January 2003Run over
Andrew Carl MunnPC37Leicestershire Constabulary15 August 2002Rammed by vehicle being pursued.[29]
Bryan MoorePC39
Alison ArmitagePC29Greater Manchester Police5 March 2001Run over by suspect[20]
Jon OdellPC30Kent Police19 December 2000While conducting speed checks was intentionally run over by disqualified driver[30][31]
Raja Bashrat AhmedPC35Greater Manchester Police31 August 1999Motorcycle rammed into oncoming traffic by suspect[32]
Clive BarrattDC35Suffolk Constabulary28 July 1999Motorcycle accident while on surveillance duty[33]
Ian Leslie ToomerInsp50Dorset Police20 April 1999Killed in a road collision when his police car crashed in wet weather.
Nina Alexandra MacKayWPC25Metropolitan Police24 October 1997Stabbed[34]
Stephen WilsonPC37Dorset Police16 May 1996Fatally injured in a motorcycle collision while reporting for night duty.
Phillip John WaltersPC28Metropolitan Police18 April 1995Shot
Lewis George FultonPC28Strathclyde Police17 June 1994Stabbed[35][c]
Derek RobertsonSgt39Metropolitan Police9 February 1994Stabbed during post office robbery.[36][37]
Richard EllerkerPC42North Yorkshire Police26 December 1993Collapsed and died shortly after arresting a violent, drunk suspect[38]
Hugh John MooreCmdr64City of London Police4 December 1993Collapsed after an arrest
Patrick DunnePC44Metropolitan Police20 October 1993Fatally shot while attending domestic dispute[39]
John DaviesRF34Hereford and Worcester Fire and Rescue Service6 September 1993During a fire at the Sun Valley poultry processing plant in Hereford, a ceiling collapsed and trapped Davies and his colleague Dave Morris. Both died at the scene.[40][41]
William 'Bill' ForthPS34Northumbria Police21 March 1993Beaten and stabbed to death after answering a 999 call.[42]
Glenn Thomas GoodmanSPC37North Yorkshire Police7 June 1992Shot by IRA member Paul Magee during routine traffic stop[43]
Sean OxfordSPC21Dorset Police7 May 1992Collapsed and died during warm up exercises in preparation for self defence training.
Alan KingPS41Metropolitan Police29 November 1991Stabbed while questioning a male suspected of handling stolen goods[44]
Duncan CliftPC27Kent Police22 March 1991Killed off duty while trying to arrest car thief.[45]
Robert Chenery GladwellPC37Metropolitan Police6 January 1991Died three weeks after being assaulted while carrying out an arrest[46]
Laurence Peter BrownPC27Metropolitan Police28 August 1990Shot[47]
Raymond Anthony CodlingInsp49Greater Manchester Police14 September 1989Shot[48]
Gavin CarltonPC29West Midlands Police19 December 1988Shot while attempting to arrest armed bank robbers[49]
Francis John MasonPC27Hertfordshire Constabulary14 April 1988Shot while off-duty, attempting to prevent an armed robbery. Posthumously awarded the Queen's Gallantry Medal.[50][51]
Ernest David 'Dave' GregoryRF46Dorset Fire and Rescue Service16 October 1987Gregory and his colleague, Graham White were killed instantly when a tree fell on the front of the cab of their fire appliance, whilst driving between incidents on the night of the 1987 Great Storm[52][53]
Roger BreretonPC41Thames Valley Police19 August 1987Shot in the Hungerford massacre[54]
Ronan McCloskeyPC25Metropolitan Police9 May 1987Struck by motor vehicle by suspected drink driver trying to escape.[55]
Ian Wain WoodwardPC33Lancashire Police25 February 1987Shot after challenging poacher off-duty.[56]
John TaylorPC26Staffordshire Police23 November 1986Pushed from roof while arresting burglars.[57]
Keith Henry BlakelockPC40Metropolitan Police6 October 1985Stabbed in the Broadwater Farm riot[58]
John William FordhamDC45Metropolitan Police26 January 1985Stabbed during the Brink's-Mat robbery.
John SpeedPS39West Yorkshire Police31 October 1984Shot while going to aid of a colleague who had been fired on near Leeds Parish Church[59]
Brian John BishopA/Sgt37Essex Police27 August 1984Shot
Yvonne Joyce FletcherWPC25Metropolitan Police17 April 1984Shot[60]
Jane Philippa ArbuthnotWPC22Metropolitan Police17 December 1983Killed in the Harrods bombing[61]
William Ross HuntDS56Strathclyde Police5 June 1983Fatally stabbed and beaten when members of a suspect’s family attacked him and other officers with knives and other weapons as he attempted to arrest the man for serious assault.
Kenneth Frederick InnellInsp44Dorset Police13 December 1982Collapsed and died during an incident on duty at Poole Quay.
Mandy Dawn RaynerWPC18Hertfordshire Constabulary13 October 1982Vehicle struck during police pursuit. She was the first British woman police officer to be killed in service.[62]
John DonleyWF26County Durham and Darlington Fire and Rescue Service5 September 1982Donley and his colleague, Tony Hall, were killed when their fire engine overturned en route to a chimney fire in South Hetton.[63]
Robin John GleesonWF29West Midlands Fire Service19 August 1982Gleeson sustained fatal head injuries whilst fighting a fire in a paper factory in Walsall.[64]
Jim PorterDC31Durham Constabulary4 March 1982Shot in pursuit of armed robbers.[65]
David Thomas WinterSgt31North Yorkshire Police28 June 1982Shot by Barry Prudom[66]
David Ian HaighPC25North Yorkshire Police17 June 1982
Kenneth Robert HoworthCEO49Metropolitan Police26 October 1981Killed by an IRA bomb
Raymond DavenportPC42Merseyside Police4 July 1981Killed whilst attempting to stop a stolen vehicle[67]
Glenn Russell CorderPC18Durham Constabulary6 February 1980Vehicle crashed during police pursuit[68]
Desmond Derrick KellamPC31Wiltshire Constabulary3 October 1979Fatally injured during an arrest[69]
Christopher McDonaldPC19Nottinghamshire Police17 May 1978Beaten[70]
David Barnes--Berkshire Fire and Rescue Service15 September 1977Barnes was engaged in fighting a fire in Elgar Road, Reading, when the building collapsed onto him.[71]
Neil Goldsmith--Berkshire Fire and Rescue Service15 September 1977Goldsmith was engaged in fighting a fire in Elgar Road, Reading when the building collapsed onto his colleague (David Barnes). When Goldmsmith went in to try and rescue Barnes, the building suffered a total collapse and killed both men.[72]
Ian Robert CollierWF22West Midlands Fire Service29 May 1977Collier was fighting a fire on a railway embankment in Solihull. He was struck by a railway locomotive and suffered fatal injuries. He had only been a firefighter for five months.[73]
Hylton Brearley-37West Yorkshire Fire and Rescue Service9 December 1976Brearley was killed in Netherton when the appliance that he was in overturned on ice whilst en route to a callout.[74]
George William BarrettWF43West Midlands Fire Service2 December 1976Barrett was killed in a vehicle accident whilst en route to a fire inspection.[75]
Brian DawsonSgt42Leicestershire Police1 September 1975Shot during a siege in West Knighton, near Leicester. Two others were also shot dead, with the gunman later being imprisoned on charges of manslaughter.[76][77][78]
Roger Philip GoadCEO40Metropolitan Police25 August 1975Killed by an IRA bomb
Stephen Andrew TibblePC21Metropolitan Police26 February 1975Shot while assisting colleague when off-duty[79][d]
Robert BellWF29Kent Fire and Rescue Service8 November 1974Bell and another firefighter, David Holley, were investigating smoke in a building full of latex mattresses on HMS Pembroke in Chatham Dockyard. It was believed that a flashover occurred and killed the men outright, but it was not known exactly what caused the flashover that resulted in their deaths. Investigations by the Fire Research Station later determined that a smouldering cigarette could cause latex to decompose at low temperatures and allow flammable fumes to accumulate. It was assumed that whilst searching for the seat of the fire, the two firemen turned over one of the smouldering mattresses which allowed an explosive mix of air and flammable vapour to mix and thereby cause an explosion.[80][81]
Dennis Arthur SmithPC44Devon and Cornwall Police21 December 1973Shot after high speed pursuit[82]
Karpal Kaur SandhuPC30Metropolitan Police4 November 1973Fatally injured during an arrest[83]
Derek George William AndrewsWF32City of Birmingham Fire Brigade25 August 1972Andrews was fighting a factory fire in Tenby street when the building collapsed onto him. He received fatal injuries.[84]
Alastair CroftsWF31Glasgow Fire Service25 August 1972The Kilbirnie Street fire; Bermingham and five others had gone into a burning building to recover a missing fireman at a cash and carry warehouse on Kilbirnie Street in Glasgow. Fireman Rook was listed as missing and as the six-man team were trying to recover him, an extreme flashover event that caused the temperature to be instantly raised to over 1,000 °C (1,830 °F) occurred and all seven died.[85][86]
Allan FinlayWF20
Iain BerminghamWF29
Peter GuthriePC21West Midlands Police22 July 1972Shot[87]
Gerry Irving RichardsonSupt38Lancashire Constabulary23 August 1971Shot
Douglas Frederick BeckersonPC22Metropolitan Police10 April 1971Fell through a roof while pursuing suspect[88]
Barry TaylorInsp30West Yorkshire Police15 February 1970Shot while responding to a burglary[89]
Edward Alexander BarnettPC24City of Glasgow Police4 January 1970Shot during the Linwood bank robbery.
Angus MacLeod MacKenzieA/DC31City of Glasgow Police30 December 1969
John Appleby--London Fire Brigade13 July 1969The Dudgeon's Wharf Explosion; the London Fire Brigade had been called out to a tank farm on the Isle of Dogs in East London when one of the tanks being demolished caught fire. Whilst five firemen were atop the structure trying to pour water in from the top to cool the tank, a worker on the site used a cutting torch to remove an inspection plate at the base of the tank. A spark from the torch ignited the air/gas mix and the tank exploded killing the five firemen and the civilian torch-cutter.[90]
Michael Gamble--
Paul Carvosso--
Terence Breen--
Edmund Burt-23[e]Western Fire Brigade7 October 1968Firefighters from the Western Fire Brigade (later Strathclyde), had brought a fire at a papermill in Linwood under control when a wall collapsed and buried four people. Burt died from injuries sustained by falling masonry.[91][92]
Desmond Morgan AcremanPC33Metropolitan Police12 February 1967Accidentally run over while pursuing suspected thieves in Woolwich.[93][f]
Geoffrey FoxPC41Metropolitan Police12 August 1966Shot in the Shepherd's Bush Murders[20]
Christopher HeadDS30
David WombwellDC25
Gordon Robert DixWF52Norfolk Fire and Rescue Service16 February 1966Dix and two colleagues died when they were overcome by smoke at a bunker on RAF Neatishead in Norfolk. The fire had been started deliberately and caused over one and half million pounds worth of damage. Because of the potential for confusion in smoke or complicated building layouts, a knotted guide line was introduced nationally after this fire to assist firefighters to identify the correct way to the exit.[94]
Herbert James DurrantWF52
Reginald DevesonRF56Kent Fire Brigade11 May 1965Deveson was helping to put out a fire aboard a ship carrying jute and oil-cake stranded on Deal beach. He had already been at the scene for sometime when he said he was feeling unwell, by the time that a doctor had arrived on the Walmer lifeboat, Deveson had died.[95]
J Calderwood-58Lanarkshire Fire Brigade7 January 1963Calderwood and a colleague, McIntosh, were fighting a fire in a paint store at Colville's Steel Works in Bellshill, Mossend. An explosion ripped through the building killing McIntosh instantly; Calderwood died in hospital eight days later.[96]
John J BuistDO52Angus Fire Brigade13 April 1962Buist, a Divisional Officer, was killed when a bale of jute fell on him whilst tackling a fire in Dundee.[97]
Ernest SouthernPC35Lancashire Constabulary27 January 1962Collapsed attending a violent street affray[98][g]
Alexander GrassieWF-Glasgow Fire Service28 March 1960The Cheapside Street whisky bond fire. Allan, along with 13 other Glasgow Fire Service colleagues and five from the Glasgow Salvage Corps, were killed at the whisky bond warehouse owned by Arbuckle, Smith & Co. Over a 1,000,000 imperial gallons (4,500,000 L; 1,200,000 US gal) of alcohol was stored on the site and a combination of secure-proof building design and narrow streets hampered the efforts of the firefighters. As the alcohol was superheated, a massive explosion ruptured the walls outwards and covered the firefighters on two different streets with falling masonry; one turntable ladder and its crew were completely covered in rubble. 19 firefighters died in all, in what was described as Britain's worst firefighter disaster since the Second World War.[99]
Alfred DickinsonWF-
Archibald DarrochWF-
Daniel DavidsonWF-
Christopher BoyleWF-
James AllanWF-
James CalderWF-
William ClarkWF47
William CrocketWF-
Ronald Alan AddisonPC24Metropolitan Police24 January 1960Collapsed and died of heart failure while pursuing suspects[100]
Edward Roy DorneyPC24Metropolitan Police1 January 1960Killed along with Police Dog Gus when hit by a train whilst pursuing burglary suspects.[101]
Jack Fourt-WellsWF46London Fire Brigade23 January 1958Smithfield Poultry Market in the Smithfield district of London, burnt down in January 1958. Fourt-Wells and another firefighter, Richard Stocking, became lost in the basement labyrinth beneath the market and were not missed nor reported missing until it was too late.[note 1][102][103]
Albert FarrowRF44Kent Fire Brigade29 November 1957A fire had engulfed the tailor's shop at Oakwood Hospital in Maidstone. The fire was successfully extinguished, but without warning, an adjacent 115-foot (35 m) tower collapsed on those performing dampening down operations. Many people were trapped under the rubble and three firemen and three hospital staff were killed.[104][105]
Cecil Robert BuddenPC27Dorset Constabulary (now Dorset Police)19 May 1957Fatally injured in a collision with a car while on motorcycle patrol.
Sidney George MilesPC42Metropolitan Police2 November 1952Shot whilst responding to a burglary
Robert BurrowsWF25Salford Fire Brigade1 March 1951Burrows and his crew were on their way to a call in Weaste on the west side of Salford. The fire appliance they were on was a type where the firefighters rode along the outside of the vehicle and held on to a handrail. Whilst en route, the handrail snapped, Burrows and a colleague fell into the road where Burrows sustained head injuries and died.[106] Investigations later determined that water penetration had rotted the wood where the screws affixed it to the appliance.[107]
AcronymTitleServiceNotes
ACCAssistant Chief ConstablePolice
A/Acting/(rank)PoliceThe prefix "acting" (e.g. acting inspector, abbreviated A/Insp) denotes an officer who is performing the role of a higher rank than the one actually held (sometimes informally termed "acting up")
CCChief ConstablePoliceHead of a police service (however, some forces, such as the Metropolitan Police Service have a slightly different structure of Chief officer's, with the equivalent of Chief Constable being Commissioner)
CEOPolice
CmdrCommanderPolice
Ch.InspChief InspectorPolice
Ch.SuptChief SuperintendentPolice
DCDetective ConstablePolice
DCCDeputy Chief ConstablePolice
DODivisional OfficerFire & Rescue Service
InspInspectorPolice
OFSOther Firefighter StaffFire & Rescue Service
PCPolice ConstablePolice
PSPolice SergeantPolice
SPCSpecial (Police) ConstablePolicePart of the Special Constabulary, officers with the same powers as regular colleagues, who perform duties on a voluntary basis
SuptSuperintendentPolice
T/Temporary/(rank)PoliceThe prefix "temporary" before a rank (e.g. temporary detective sergeant, abbreviated T/DS) denotes an officer who has been temporarily promoted to a rank (and so who does actually hold that rank, albeit on a temporary basis)
TFTrainee FirefighterFire & Rescue Service
WFWholetime FirefighterFire & Rescue Service
WPCWoman Police ConstablePoliceThe use of the word 'Woman' was abolished by the Sex Discrimination Act 1975
RFRetained FirefighterFire & Rescue Service

Notes

References

Sources

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