The following table shows comparative officer ranks of several Allied and Central powers during World War I.
Table
| Rank group | General / flag officers | Senior officers | Junior officers | Officer cadet | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 Austro-Hungarian Army[a][1][2] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Feldmarschall Tábornagy | Generaloberst Vezérezredes | General der Waffengattung Tábornok | Feldmarschall-Leutnant Altábornagy | Generalmajor Vezérőrnagy | Oberst Ezredes | Oberstleutnant Alezredes | Major Őrnagy | Hauptmann / Rittmeister Százados / Kapitány | Oberleutnant Főhadnagy | Leutnant Hadnagy | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
 Austro-Hungarian Navy[a][3][4] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Großadmiral Főtengernagy | Admiral Tengernagy | Vizeadmiral Altengernagy | Kontreadmiral Ellentengernagy | Linienschiffkapitän Sorhajókapitány | Fregattenkapitän Fregattkapitány | Korvettenkapitän Korvettkapitány | Linienschiffsleutnant Sorhajóhadnagy | Fregattenleutnant Fregatthadnagy | Korvettenleutnant Korvetthadnagy | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Rank group | General / flag officers | Senior officers | Junior officers | Officer cadet | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
 British Army[5][6] | _OF-10.svg) | _OF-9.svg) | _OF-8.svg) | _OF-7.svg) | _OF-6.svg) | _OF-5.svg) | _OF-4.svg) | _OF-3.svg) | _OF-2.svg) | _OF-1b.svg) | _OF-1a.svg) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Field marshal | General | Lieutenant-general | Major-general | Brigadier-general | Colonel | Lieutenant-colonel | Major | Captain | Lieutenant | Second lieutenant | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
 Royal Navy[7][8] |  |  |  |  | |  |  | |  | | | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Admiral of the Fleet | Admiral | Vice-admiral | Rear-admiral | Commodore 1st class[9] | Commodore 2nd class | Captain | Commander | Lieutenant commander | Lieutenant | Sub-lieutenant | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Rank group | General / flag officers | Senior officers | Junior officers | Officer cadet | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
 French Army[10][11][12][13] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Maréchal de France[b] | Général de division ayant un commandement supérieur (général)[c] | Général de division | Général de brigade | Colonel | Lieutenant-colonel | Commandant | Capitaine | Lieutenant | Sous-lieutenant | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
 French Navy[15][16][17] | .svg) |  | |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Amiral de France[b] | Vice-amiral commandant (amiralissime)[18] | Vice-amiral | Contre-amiral | Capitaine de vaisseau | Capitaine de frégate | Capitaine de corvette | Lieutenant de vaisseau | Enseigne de vaisseau de 1re classe | Enseigne de vaisseau de 2e classe | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Rank group | General / flag officers | Senior officers | Junior officers | Officer cadet | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
 Imperial German Army[19][20] |  |  | _1918.gif) | .gif) | .gif) | _h_1918.gif) | .gif) | .gif) | .gif) |  |  |  | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Generalfeldmarschall | Generaloberst mit dem Rang als Generalfeldmarschall | Generaloberst | General der Waffengattung | Generalleutnant | Generalmajor | Oberst | Oberstleutnant | Major | Hauptmann / Rittmeister | Oberleutnant | Leutnant | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Imperial German Navy [21][22] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Großadmiral | Admiral | Vizeadmiral | Konteradmiral | Kapitän zur See/ Kommodore | Fregattenkapitän | Korvettenkapitän | Kapitänleutnant | Oberleutnant zur See | Leutnant zur See | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Rank group | General / flag officers | Senior officers | Junior officers | Officer cadet | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
 Royal Italian Army[23][24] | .svg) | .svg) | .svg) | .svg) | .svg) | .svg) | .svg) | .svg) | .svg) | .svg) | .svg) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Generale d'esercito | Tenente generale[d] | Maggior generale[e] | Brigadier generale | Colonnello | Tenente colonnello | Maggiore | Primo capitano | Capitano | Tenente | Sottotenente | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
 Royal Italian Navy[25][26] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Ammiraglio | Vice ammiraglio | Contrammiraglio | Sottoammiraglio | Capitano di vascello | Capitano di frigata | Capitano di corvetta | Tenente di vascello | Sottotenent di vascello | Guardiamarina | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Rank group | General / flag officers | Senior officers | Junior officers | Officer cadet | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
 Imperial Japanese Army[27][28] | .png){kind=icon} |   | |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 大元帥陸軍大将 Daigensui-Rikugun-Taishō | 元帥陸軍大将 Gensui-Rikugun-Taishō | 陸軍大将 Rikugun-Taishō | 陸軍中将 Rikugun-Chūjō | 陸軍少将 Rikugun-Shōshō | 陸軍大佐 Rikugun-Taisa | 陸軍中佐 Rikugun-Chūsa | 陸軍少佐 Rikugun-Shōsa | 陸軍大尉 Rikugun-Tai-i | 陸軍中尉 Rikugun-Chūi | 陸軍少尉 Rikugun-Shōi | 准尉 Jun-i | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
 Imperial Japanese Navy[29][30] |  |  | |  |  | | |  | |  | |  | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 大元帥海軍大将 Daigensui-Kaigun-Taishō | 元帥海軍大将 Gensui-kaigun-Taishō | 海軍大将 Kaigun-Taishō | 海軍中将 Kaigun-Chūjō | 海軍少将 Kaigun-Shōshō | 海軍大佐 Kaigun-Daisa | 海軍中佐 Kaigun-Chūsa | 海軍少佐 Kaigun-Shōsa | 海軍大尉 Kaigun-Dai-i | 海軍中尉 Kaigun-Chūi | 海軍少尉 Kaigun-Shōi | 兵曹長 Hēsōchō | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Rank group | General / flag officers | Senior officers | Junior officers | Officer cadet | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
 Ottoman Army[31] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Müşir | Ferik-i evvel | Ferik-i sânî | Mirliva | Miralay | Kaymakam | Binbaşı | Yüzbaşı | Mülâzım-ı evvel | Mülâzım-ı sânî | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Ottoman Navy[31] | | | | | | |  | | | | | | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Müşir amiral | Amiral | Vice amiral | Liva amiral | Komodor | Kalyon kaptanı | Fırkateyn kaptanı | Korvet kaptanı | Birinci sınıf yüzbaşı | Yüzbaşı | Mülâzım-ı evvel | Mülâzım-ı sânî | Mühendis | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Rank group | General / flag officers | Senior officers | Junior officers | Officer cadet | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
 Portuguese Army[32] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Marechal[f] | General[g] | Brigadeiro | Coronel | Tenente-coronel | Major | Capitão | Tenente | Alferes | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
 Portuguese Navy[32] |  | | |  |  |  | | | | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Almirante[f] | Vice-almirante | Contra-almirante | Capitão de mar e guerra | Capitão de fragata | Capitão-tenente | Primeiro-tenente | Segundo-tenente | Guarda-marinha | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Rank group | General / flag officers | Senior officers | Junior officers | Officer cadet | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
 Imperial Russian Army[h][33][34] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Генерал-фельдмаршал General-fel'dmarshal | Генерал рода войск General roda voysk | Генерал-лейтенант General-leytenant | Генерал-майор General-mayor | Полковник Polkovnik | Подполковник Podpolkovnik | Капитан Kapitan[i] | Штабс-капитан Shtabs-kapitan[j] | Поручик Poruchik | Подпоручик Podporuchik[k] | Прапорщик Praporshik | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
 Imperial Russian Navy |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Генерал-адмирал General-admiral | Адмирал Admiral | Вице-адмирал Vitse-admiral | Контр-адмирал Kontr-admiral | Капитан I ранга Kapitan 1-go ranga | Капитан II ранга Kapitan 2-go ranga | Старший лейтенант Starshiy-leytenant | Лейтенант Leytenant | Мичман Michman | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Provisional Russian Navy (from 1917) [35][36] | .svg) | .svg) | .svg) | .svg) | .svg) | .svg) | .svg) | | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Адмирал Admiral | Вице-адмирал Vitse-admiral | Контр-адмирал Kontr-admiral | Капитан I ранга Kapitan 1-go ranga | Капитан II ранга Kapitan 2-go ranga | Старший лейтенант Starshiy-leytenant | Лейтенант Leytenant | Мичман Michman | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Rank group | General / flag officers | Senior officers | Junior officers | Officer cadet | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
 Royal Serbian Army[37] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Bojni Vojvoda[l] | General[m] | Pukovnik | Potpukovnik | Major | Kapetan 1. klase | Kapetan 2. klase | Poručnik | Potporučnik | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Rank group | General / flag officers | Senior officers | Junior officers | Officer cadet | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
 United States Army[38] |  | |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| General of the Armies[n] | General | Lieutenant General | Major General | Brigadier General | Colonel | Lieutenant Colonel | Major | Captain | First Lieutenant | Second Lieutenant | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
 United States Navy[39] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Admiral of the Navy[n] | Admiral | Vice Admiral | Rear Admiral | Commodore | Captain | Commander | Lieutenant Commander | Lieutenant | Lieutenant (junior grade) | Ensign | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Rank group | General / flag officers | Senior officers | Junior officers | Officer cadet | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
See also
Notes
References
- Almanach Hachette. Hachette (via genealomaniac.fr). 1917.
- Bunkley, Joel William (1918). Military And Naval Recognition Book: A Handbook On The Organization, Uniforms And Insignia Of Rank Of The World's Armed Forces (2nd ed.). New York: D. Van Nostrand Company. Retrieved 29 June 2022.
- Champeaux, Antoine (2014). "Général de corps d'armée". Corps (in French). 12 (1): 123. doi:10.3917/corp1.012.0123. Retrieved 1 October 2022.
- Funcken, Liliane; Funcken, Fred (1966). L'uniforme et les armes des soldats de la guerre 1914-1918: Cavalerie-Artillerie-Génie-Marine [The uniform and arms of the soldiers of the 1914-1918 war: Cavalry-Artillery-Engineering-Marine] (in French). Vol. 2. Casterman. ASIN B0096OCAEK.
- Le Hunsec, Mathieu (12 March 2012). "L'amiral, cet inconnu" [The Admiral, the Unknown]. Revue historique des armées (in French) (266): 91–107. ISSN 0035-3299.
- Jouineau, André (2009). L'armée française de la Grande Guerre: 1915-1918 [The French Army of the Great War]. Officiers et soldats no. 12. Vol. II. Histoire & Collections. ISBN 978-2-35250-411-5. OCLC 470949883.
- Williams, Dion (1918). "XI: Uniforms and Insignia of Foreign Armies and Navies". Army and Navy Uniforms and Insignia. New York, N.Y.: Frederick A. Stokes Company. pp. 216–292. Retrieved 5 July 2022.
- Geçer, Kadir (2022). Osmanlı İmparatorluğu Askerî Kıyafetleri 1826-1922 [Ottoman Empire Military Clothing 1826-1922] (in Turkish). Hisart Culture Publications. ISBN 9786050699814.
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