Bryoria is a genus of lichenized fungi in the family Parmeliaceae. Many members of this genus are known as horsehair lichens.[2] The genus has a widespread distribution, especially in boreal and cool temperate areas.
| Bryoria | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Bryoria nadvornikiana | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Fungi |
| Division: | Ascomycota |
| Class: | Lecanoromycetes |
| Order: | Lecanorales |
| Family: | Parmeliaceae |
| Genus: | Bryoria Brodo & D.Hawksw. (1977) |
| Type species | |
| Bryoria trichodes (Michx.) Brodo & D.Hawksw. (1977) | |
| Synonyms[1] | |
Taxonomy
Bryoria was circumscribed in 1977 by lichenologists Irwin Brodo and David Hawksworth, with Bryoria trichodes as the type species.[3]
Description
Bryoria species are fruticose, slender and hair-like, tending to grow hanging (pendent) or like a small bush. They range in colour from dark brown to pale greyish brown to grey in some species. Ascospores are colourless, ellipsoid, numbering eight per ascus.[4]
Other hair-like lichens that may be confused with Bryoria include dark brown species of Bryocaulon, Nodobryoria, Pseudephebe, Alectoria, or Cetraria.[4]
Habitat and distribution
Found almost exclusively on conifers, or on tundra soil,[4] Bryoria collectively has a widespread distribution, especially in boreal and cool temperate areas.[5]
Species
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- Bryoria alaskana Goward & Myllys (2016)[6]
- Bryoria araucana Boluda, D.Hawksw. & V.J.Rico (2015)[7] – Chile
- Bryoria barbata Li S.Wang & D.Liu (2017)[8] – China
- Bryoria bicolor (Hoffm.) Brodo & D.Hawksw. (1977) – Electric horsehair lichen[9]
- Bryoria capillaris (Ach.) Brodo & D.Hawksw. (1977)
- Bryoria carlottae – Languid horsehair lichen[9]
- Bryoria cervinula – Mottled horsehair lichen[9]
- Bryoria chalybeiformis (L.) Brodo & D.Hawksw. (1977)
- Bryoria fastigiata Li S.Wang & H.Harada (2006)[10]
- Bryoria forsteri Olech & Bystrek (2004)[11] – Antarctica
- Bryoria fremontii (Tuck.) Brodo & D.Hawksw. (1977) – Edible horsehair lichen[9]
- Bryoria friabilis – Friable horsehair lichen[9]
- Bryoria fruticulosa Li S.Wang & Myllys (2017)[8] – China
- Bryoria furcellata (Fr.) Brodo & D.Hawksw. (1977) – Burred horsehair lichen[9]
- Bryoria fuscescens (Gyeln.) Brodo & D.Hawksw. (1977) – Pale-footed horsehair lichen[9]
- Bryoria glabra – Shiny horsehair lichen[9]
- Bryoria hengduanensis Li S.Wang & H.Harada (2003)[12] – China
- Bryoria implexa (Hoffm.) Brodo & D.Hawksw. (1977)
- Bryoria inactiva Goward, Velmala & Myllys (2013)[13]
- Bryoria irwinii Goward & Myllys (2016)[6]
- Bryoria kockiana Velmala, Myllys & Goward (2013)[13] – Kock's horsehair lichen[9]
- Bryoria lanestris (Ach.) Brodo & D.Hawksw. (1977)
- Bryoria nadvornikiana (Gyeln.) Brodo & D.Hawksw. (1977) – Blonde horsehair lichen[9]
- Bryoria nitidula (Th. Fr.) Brodo & D.Hawksw. (1977) – Tundra horsehair lichen[9]
- Bryoria pikei – Streaked horsehair lichen[9]
- Bryoria pseudofuscescens (Gyeln.) Brodo & D.Hawksw. (1977) – Mountain horsehair lichen[9]
- Bryoria rigida P.M.Jørg. & Myllys (2012)[14] – Asia
- Bryoria salazinica – Salazinic acid horsehair lichen[9]
- Bryoria simplicior – Spangled horsehair lichen[9]
- Bryoria smithii (Du Rietz) Brodo & D.Hawksw. (1977)
- Bryoria subcana (Nyl. ex Stizenb.) Brodo & D.Hawksw. (1977)
- Bryoria tenuis (E.Dahl) Brodo & D.Hawksw. (1977) – Pied horsehair lichen[9])
- Bryoria trichodes (Michx.) Brodo & D.Hawksw. (1977) – Inelegant horsehair lichen[9]
- Bryoria vrangiana (Gyeln.) Brodo & D.Hawksw. (1977)
- Bryoria wui Li S.Wang (2017)[8] – China
- Bryoria yunnanensis Li S.Wang & Xin Y.Wang (2017)[8] – China