BECN1

BECN1
Available structures
PDB	Ortholog search: K7ER46 PDBe K7ER46 RCSB
List of PDB id codes
	2P1L, 2PON, 3DVU, 4DDP, 4MI8
Identifiers
Aliases	BECN1, ATG6, VPS30, beclin1, beclin 1
External IDs	OMIM: 604378; MGI: 1891828; HomoloGene: 2794; GeneCards: BECN1; OMA:BECN1 - orthologs
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 17 (human)
End	42,833,350 bp
Gene location (Mouse)
Chr.	Chromosome 11 (mouse)
End	101,193,112 bp
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	rectum; ; epithelium of colon; ; monocyte; ; Achilles tendon; ; gastric mucosa; ; Skeletal muscle tissue of rectus abdominis; ; gastrocnemius muscle; ; olfactory zone of nasal mucosa; ; muscle layer of sigmoid colon; ; stromal cell of endometrium;
	Top expressed in
	medullary collecting duct; ; Paneth cell; ; blood; ; endothelial cell of lymphatic vessel; ; retinal pigment epithelium; ; endocardial cushion; ; aortic valve; ; ascending aorta; ; hair follicle; ; ciliary body;
	More reference expression data
	; ;
	More reference expression data
Gene ontology
Molecular function	phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase binding; protein binding; GTPase binding; ubiquitin protein ligase binding; protein kinase binding; protein homodimerization activity;
Cellular component	endosome membrane; cytoplasm; mitochondrial membranes; trans-Golgi network; Golgi apparatus; cytosol; nucleus; autophagosome; phagophore assembly site; membrane; dendrite; endoplasmic reticulum; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase complex, class III; endoplasmic reticulum membrane; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase complex, class III, type II; cytoplasmic vesicle; endosome; extrinsic component of membrane; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase complex, class III, type I; phagocytic vesicle; mitochondrion; protein-containing complex;
Biological process	negative regulation of cell population proliferation; response to hypoxia; cellular response to aluminum ion; response to vitamin E; lysosome organization; cell cycle; positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling; cellular response to glucose starvation; cellular defense response; cytokinesis; cellular response to epidermal growth factor stimulus; cell division; receptor catabolic process; autophagy of nucleus; cellular response to nitrogen starvation; viral process; late endosome to vacuole transport; apoptotic process; cytoplasm to vacuole transport by the Cvt pathway; endocytosis; engulfment of apoptotic cell; positive regulation of attachment of mitotic spindle microtubules to kinetochore; amyloid-beta metabolic process; neuron development; defense response to virus; response to other organism; mitotic metaphase plate congression; regulation of catalytic activity; negative regulation of reactive oxygen species metabolic process; regulation of cytokinesis; negative regulation of apoptotic process; negative regulation of cell death; autophagosome assembly; macroautophagy; human ageing; response to iron(II) ion; response to lead ion; protein deubiquitination; response to nutrient levels; cellular response to amino acid starvation; cellular response to hydrogen peroxide; cellular response to copper ion; negative regulation of lysosome organization; positive regulation of autophagosome assembly; autophagy of mitochondrion; mitophagy; autophagy; positive regulation of autophagy; response to mitochondrial depolarisation; early endosome to late endosome transport; negative regulation of autophagy; positive regulation of cardiac muscle hypertrophy; negative regulation of autophagosome assembly; positive regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
	8678
	56208
	ENSG00000126581
	ENSMUSG00000035086
	Q14457
	O88597
	NM_001313998; NM_001313999; NM_001314000; NM_003766
	NM_019584; NM_001359819; NM_001359820; NM_001359821
	NP_001300927; NP_001300928; NP_001300929; NP_003757
	NP_062530; NP_001346748; NP_001346749; NP_001346750
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human	View/Edit Mouse

Beclin-1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the BECN1 gene.^[5]^[6] Beclin-1 is a mammalian ortholog of the yeast autophagy-related gene 6 (Atg6) and BEC-1 in the C. elegans nematode.^[7] This protein interacts with either BCL-2 or PI3k class III, playing a critical role in the regulation of both autophagy and cell death.

Role in disease

Beclin-1 plays an important role in tumorigenesis, and neurodegeneration, being implicated in the autophagic programmed cell death.^[8] Ovarian cancer with upregulated autophagy has a less aggressive behavior and is more responsive to chemotherapy.^[9]

Schizophrenia is associated with low levels of Beclin-1 in the hippocampus of those affected, which causes diminished autophagy which in turn results in increased neuronal cell death.^[10]

Interactions

BECN1 has been shown to interact with:

Modulators

Trehalose: Trehalose reduces p62/Beclin-1 ratio and increases autophagy in the frontal cortex of ICR mice, possibly by increasing Beclin-1.^[14]

References

External links

Human BECN1 genome location and BECN1 gene details page in the UCSC Genome Browser.
Overview of all the structural information available in the PDB for UniProt: Q14457 (Beclin-1) at the PDBe-KB.

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