Isle of Anglesey County Council

The first county council for Anglesey was created in 1889 under the Local Government Act 1888, which established elected county councils to take over the administrative functions of the quarter sessions. The original county council did not include "Isle of" in its name, simply being called "Anglesey County Council".^[5] That county council and the administrative county of Anglesey were abolished in 1974 under the Local Government Act 1972. Anglesey was merged with the mainland areas of Caernarfonshire, Merioneth, and part of Denbighshire to become a new county called Gwynedd. A lower-tier district was created covering Anglesey, with its council taking over district-level functions from Anglesey's previous eight district councils, which were abolished at the same time:^[6]

• Aethwy Rural District
• Amlwch Urban District
• Beaumaris Municipal Borough
• Holyhead Urban District
• Llangefni Urban District
• Menai Bridge Urban District
• Twrcelyn Rural District
• Valley Rural District

The new district was awarded borough status. Uniquely among the 37 districts created in Wales in 1974 it was given a hyphenated name combining both the area's Welsh and English names: "Ynys Môn-Isle of Anglesey".^[7] The council was therefore called "Ynys Môn-Isle of Anglesey Borough Council".^[8]

Local government across Wales was reorganised again in 1996 under the Local Government (Wales) Act 1994, which replaced the previous two tier system of counties and districts with "principal areas" (each designated either a "county" or a "county borough"), whose councils perform the functions previously divided between the county and district councils. The pre-1996 borough of Ynys Môn-Isle of Anglesey was reconstituted as a county, and so gained administrative independence from Gwynedd.^[9] Unlike in 1974, the 1994 Act gave separate English and Welsh names for each principal area, specifying that the new county was to be named "Anglesey" in English and "Sir Fôn" in Welsh. During the transition to the new system, the shadow authority requested a change of name in both languages, to "Isle of Anglesey" in English and "Sir Ynys Môn" in Welsh. The government confirmed the change with effect from 2 April 1996, one day after the new council came into being.^[10] Since 1996 the local authority has therefore been "Isle of Anglesey County Council" in English, and "Cyngor Sir Ynys Môn" in Welsh.

The Wales Audit Office described the new council of having a "history of conflict and inappropriate behaviour" from the outset, with two public interest reports published in 1998 and a further three reports into the behaviour by 2001.^[11] In September 2009 the council took on a 'troubleshooter' to sort out the squabbling, at a cost of £1,160 a day.^[12] David Bowles was imposed on the council by the Welsh Government and paid via a recruitment company. He became Wales' most expensive public sector worker at the time.^[13] Bowles sacked two members of the ruling council group, and the education and leisure head was forced to resign.^[13]

In March 2011, after "years of political infighting", it became the first council in British history to have all executive functions suspended, with a team of commissioners appointed by the Welsh government put in place to run the council's functions,^[14] with elections ultimately delayed,^[15] meaning they took place a year after the rest of Wales, pending a new electoral system.^[16]

Welsh and English are the official languages of the council and have equal status and validity in the council's administration and work. According to the council's Welsh language policy, its aim is to ensure that Welsh will be the council's main language for both oral and written internal communication in the future.^[17] Of those staff that assessed their language skills in 2016–2017, 79% could speak Welsh fluently.^[18]

In February 2019 the council reported that North Korea was likely to have been behind a cyberattack on its systems, carried out through a proxy ISP (IP) address based in Japan. Experts suggested that Anglesey was not likely to have been the specific target, with the hackers engaged in a broader attack on UK government infrastructure.^[19]

In 2022, as part of the Levelling Up White Paper, an "Island Forum" was proposed, which would allow local policymakers and residents in Anglesey to work alongside their counterparts in Orkney, Shetland, the Western Isles and the Isle of Wight on common issues, such as broadband connectivity, and provide a platform for them to communicate directly with the government on the challenges island communities face in terms of levelling up.^[20][21]

In June 2023, the deputy council leader Ieuan Williams resigned after saying "all Tories should be shot".^[22]

The first election following the Local Government Act 1972 was held in 1973, initially operating as a shadow authority alongside the outgoing authorities before the new borough council came into its powers on 1 April 1974. A shadow authority was again elected in 1995 ahead of the reforms which came into force on 1 April 1996. Political control of the council since 1974 has been as follows:^[23]

Lower-tier borough council

Principal area

After the 2008 elections, the largest faction was the Original Independents. However, in 2010 the council leader, Clive McGregor, left the Original Independents to form Llais Môn^[24] (meaning Anglesey Voice) who had five members by the time of the 2013 election.^[25]

There were due to be elections on 3 May 2012, but these were postponed for one year by the Welsh Local Government minister, Carl Sargeant.^[26] The 2013 Isle of Anglesey County Council election took place on 2 May 2013.^[27] The 2017 Isle of Anglesey County Council election on 4 May resulted in a no overall majority position with Plaid Cymru holding 14 of the 30 seats. The 2022 Isle of Anglesey County Council election on 5 May resulted in an overall majority with Plaid Cymru holding 21 of 35 seats.^[28]

The leaders of the council since 1996 have been:^[29]

Following the 2022 election the composition of the council was:

The Liberal Democrat and six of the independent councillors sit together as the "Anglesey Independents" group. The other four independent councillors form the "Independent Group".^[41] The next election is due in 2027.

Since 2017, council elections have taken place every five years.^[23]

Party with the most elected councillors in bold. Coalition agreements in notes column.

From 1889, meetings of the county council were initially held in the county courthouse on the west side of Glanhwfa Road in Llangefni.^[46] A new Shire Hall was built in 1899 directly opposite the courthouse, and served as the council's headquarters until the first county council was abolished in 1974.^[47] Shire Hall was renamed the "Borough Council Offices" in 1974 when it became the headquarters of Ynys Môn-Isle of Anglesey Borough Council.^[48][49] Following the local government reforms in 1996, new council offices were built at Mill Street (Welsh: Lon-y-Felin) in Llangefni in the late 1990s for the new Isle of Anglesey County Council.^[11][50]

From the 1995 council elections until just prior to the elections in 2013, the county was divided into 40 electoral wards returning 40 councillors.^[51] There are also 40 communities (parishes) in the county, some of which have their own elected community council, but few communities were coterminous with the 40 council wards. The 40 wards were:

Aberffraw (included Aberffraw community/Maelog ward* part of Llanfaelog), Amlwch Port (Port and Town wards* of Amlwch Town), Amlwch Rural (Rural ward* of Amlwch Town), Beaumaris (Beaumaris), Bodffordd (Bodffordd/Cerrigceinwen ward* of Llangristiolus), Bodorgan (Bodorgan/Llangristiolus ward* of Llangristiolus), Braint (Braint ward* of Llanfair Pwllgwyngyll), Bryngwran (Bryngwran/Trewalchmai), Brynteg (Benllech and Brynteg wards* of Llanfair Mathafarn Eithaf), Cadnant (Cadnant ward* of Menai Bridge), Cefni (Cefni ward* of Llangefni), Cwm Cadnant (Cwm Cadnant), Cyngar (Cyngar ward* of Llangefni), Gwyngyll (Gwyngyll ward* of Llanfair Pwllgwyngyll), Holyhead Town (Town ward* of Holyhead town), Kingsland (Kingsland ward* of Holyhead), Llanbadrig (Llanbadrig), Llanbedrgoch (Benllech 'A'/Llanbedrgoch wards* of Llanfair-Mathafarn-Eithaf), Llanddyfnan (Llanddyfnan/Llaneugrad), Llaneilian (Llaneilian/Rhosybol), Llanfaethlu (Llanfachraeth/Llanfaethlu/Llanrhuddlad ward* of Cylch-y-Garn), Llanfair-yn-Neubwll (Bodedern/Llanfair-yn-Neubwll), Llanfihangel Ysgeifiog (Llanfihangel Ysgeifiog/Penmynydd), Llangoed (Llangoed and Penmon), Llanidan (Llanddaniel Fab/Llanidan), Llannerch-y-medd (Llannerch-y-medd/Tref Alaw), London Road (London Road ward* of Holyhead town), Maeshyfryd (Maeshyfryd ward* of Holyhead town), Mechell (Mechell/Llanfairynghornwy ward* of Cylch-y-Garn), Morawelon(Morawelon ward* of Holyhead), Moelfre (Moelfre), Parc a'r Mynydd (Parc a'r Mynydd ward* of Holyhead town), Pentraeth (Llanddona/Pentraeth), Porthyfelin (Porthyfelin ward* of Holyhead town), Rhosneigr (Rhosneigr ward* of Llanfaelog), Rhosyr (Rhosyr), Trearddur (Rhoscolyn/Trearddur), Tudur (Tudur ward* of Llangefni Town), Tysilio (Tysilio ward* of Menai Bridge) and Valley (Valley).
* = electoral ward of a community with its own electoral subdivisions and community council

A review of electoral arrangements on Anglesey by the Local Government Boundary Commission for Wales began in 2010.^[52] This was scrapped and recommenced in 2011 following a new instruction by the Welsh Government.^[53]

Under The Isle of Anglesey (Electoral Arrangements) Order 2012, there are 30 councillors to be elected (a reduction from the previous 40) from 11 multi-member wards.^[16] The current electoral wards (numbers of councillors in parentheses) are:

1. Aethwy (3), formed by the Communities of Llanfair Pwllgwyngyll, Menai Bridge and Penmynydd
2. Bro Aberffraw (2), formed by the Communities of Aberffraw, Bodorgan and Rhosyr
3. Bro Rhosyr (2), formed by the Communities of Llanidan, Llanfihangel Ysceifiog, Llanddaniel Fab and Llangristiolus
4. Caergybi (3), the electoral wards of Town, London Road, Morawelon, Porthyfelin, and Parc a'r Mynydd in the Community of Holyhead
5. Canolbarth Môn (Central Anglesey) (3), the Communities of Bryngwran, Bodffordd, Llangefni, and Trewalchmai, and the electoral wards of Llanddyfnan, Llangwyllog and Tregacan in the Community of Llanddyfnan.
6. Llifôn (2), the Communities of Llanfaelog, Llanfair-yn-Neubwll and Valley
7. Lligwy (3), the Communities of Moelfre, Llaneugrad, Llanfair-Mathafarn-Eithaf and Pentraeth; and the electoral ward of Llanfihangel Tre'r Beirdd in the Community of Llanddyfnan
8. Seiriol (3), formed by the Communities of Beaumaris, Cwm Cadnant, Llanddona, and Llangoed.
9. Talybolion (3), formed by the Communities of Bodedern, Cylch-y-garn, Llannerch-y-medd, Llanfachraeth, Llanfaethlu, Mechell and Tref Alaw
10. Twrcelyn (3), the Communities of Amlwch, Llanbadrig, Llaneilian, and Rhosybol
11. Ynys Gybi (Holy Island) (3), the Communities of Trearddur and Rhoscolyn and the electoral wards of Maeshyfryd and Kingsland in the Community of Holyhead.

• Isle of Anglesey electoral boundary changes 2012

• Isle of Anglesey County Council