Jamāl al-Dīn Abū al-Ḥajjāj Yūsuf ibn al-Zakī ʻAbd al-Raḥmān ibn Yūsuf ibn ʻAbd al-Malik ibn Yūsuf al-Kalbī al-Quḍā’ī al-Mizzī, (Arabic: يوسف بن عبد الرحمن المزي), also called Al-Ḥāfiẓ Abī al-Ḥajjāj, was a Syrian muhaddith and the foremost `Ilm al-rijāl Islamic scholar.
Jamāl al-Dīn Abū al-Ḥajjāj Yūsuf ibn al-Zakī ʻAbd al-Raḥmān ibn Yūsuf al-Kalbī al-Quḍā’ī al-Mizzī | |
|---|---|
| Personal | |
| Born | 1256 AD (654 AH)[1] |
| Died | 1341 AD (742 AH)[3] |
| Religion | Islam |
| Era | Mamluk Era |
| Region | Syrian scholar |
| Denomination | Sunni |
| Jurisprudence | Shafi'i[4] |
| Creed | Athari[2] |
| Main interest(s) | Ilm ar-Rijal |
| Other names | Al-Ḥāfiẓ, Yūsuf ibn al-Zakī ʻAbd al-Raḥmān al-Mizzī |
| Muslim leader | |
Influenced by | |
Influenced | |
Life
Al-Mizzī was born near Aleppo in 1256 under the reign of the last Ayyubid emir An-Nasir Yusuf. From 1260 the region was ruled by the na'ib al-saltana (viceroys) of the Mamluk Sultanate. In childhood he moved with his family to the village of al-Mizza outside Damascus, where he was educated in Qur’ān and fiqh. [4]In his twenties he began his studies to become a muḥaddith and learned from the masters. His fellow pupil and life-long friend was Taqī al-Dīn ibn Taymiyya. It was also Taymiyya’s ideological influence, which although contrary to his own Shāfi’ī legalist inclination, that led to a stint in jail.
Despite his affiliation with Ibn Taymiyya he became head of the Dār al-Ḥadīth al-Ashrafiyya, a leading ḥadīth academy in Damascus, in 1319. And although he professed the Ash’arī doctrine suspicion continued about his true beliefs.[4] He travelled across the Mamluk Sultanate of Egypt, Syria (الشَّام), and Ḥijāz and became the greatest `Ilm al-rijāl (عِلْمُ الرِّجال) scholar of the Muslim world and an expert grammarian and philologist of Arabic.[4] He died at Dar al-Hadith al-Ashrafiyyah in Damascus in 1341/2 and was buried in the Sufiyyah graveyard.[7]
Pupils[4]
- Al-Dhahabī
- ‘Abd al-Wahhab al-Subkī
- Ismā‘īl ibn Kathīr – Ibn Kathir married a daughter of al-Mizzī.[8]
- Ibn al-Furat[9]
- Najm ad-Din al-Tufi
Works
- Tahdhīb al-kamāl fī asmā’ al-rijāl; biographical lexicon and comprehensive reworking of Al-Kamal fi Asma' al-Rijal, a collection of narrator biographies[7] of the transmitters of isnāds in the Six major Hadith collections and others, based upon the tarf (beginning segment) of the hadith.[7] The Tahdhīb includes Ruwāt kuttub al-sitta. Al-Asqalānī and others wrote compendia of this work.[4]
- Tuḥfat al-ashraf bi-Ma’rifat al-Aṭraf; alphabetically indexed encyclopaedia of the musnads of the first generation transmitters, the Companions of the Prophet. An indispensable resource for the study of Muslim tradition that comprises al-Nasā’ī's Al-Sunan al-kubrā.[4]
References
Bibliography
- Brockelmann, Carl (1902). "II". Geschichte der arabischen Litteratur. Vol. II. Berlin: E Felber. p. 64 f. ISBN 9789004104075.
- Dhahabī (al-), Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad (2002). Kawtharī, Muḥammad Zāhid ibn al-Ḥasan; Ḥāmid, Abū Bakr ʻAbd al-Karīm; Ṭahṭāwī, Aḥmad Rāfiʻ (eds.). Tadhkirāt al-ḥuffāẓ (in Arabic). Bayrūt Lubnān: Dār Iḥyāʼ al-Turāth al-ʻArabī. p. 1498 ff.
- Subkī, Tāj al-Dīn ʻAbd al-Wahhāb ibn ʻAlī (1964). Ṭanāḥī, Maḥmūd Muḥammad; Ḥulw, ʻAbd al-Fattāḥ Muḥammad (eds.). al-Shāfī'iyya al-kubrā (in Arabic). Vol. X. Cairo: ʻĪsá al-Bābī al-Ḥalabī. pp. 395–430. OCLC 23510000.
- Asqalānī (al-), Ibn Ḥajar (1992). Darwīsh, ʻAdnān (ed.). Dhayl Al-Durar al-Kamīna. Vol. v. Al-Qāhirah: al-Munaẓẓamah al-ʻArabīyah lil-Tarbiyah wa-al-Thaqāfah wa-al-ʻUlūm, Maʻhad al-Makhṭuṭat al-ʻArabīyah. pp. 233–7. OCLC 27210371.
- Ḥanbalī (al-), Ibn al-‘Imād (1933) [1931]. Shadharāt al-dhahab. Vol. vi. Al-Qāhirah: Maktabat al-Qudsī. p. 136 f. OCLC 22865694.
- Mizzī (al-), Yūsuf ibn al-Zakī ʻAbd al-Raḥmān (1992) [1980]. Ma’rūf, Bashshār ‘Awwād (ed.). Mizzī Tahdhīb al-kamāl fī asmā' al-rijāl. Beirut: Muʼassasat al-Risālah. OCLC 12422024.
- Juynboll, Gautier H. A. (1990), "Al-Mizzī", Encyclopedia of Islam, Leiden: E. J. Brill, pp. 212–3