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2017 South Korean presidential election

Early presidential elections were held in South Korea on 9 May 2017 following the impeachment and removal of Park Geun-hye.[1] The elections were conducted in a single round, on a first-past-the-post basis, and had originally been scheduled for 20 December 2017. However, they were brought forward after the decision of the Constitutional Court on 10 March 2017 to uphold the National Assembly's impeachment of Park. Following procedures set out in the Constitution of South Korea, Prime Minister Hwang Kyo-ahn succeeded Park as the acting president. After Park was removed from office by the Constitutional Court's ruling, acting president Hwang announced he would not run for a term in his own right.[2][3][4]

2017 South Korean presidential election
← 20129 May 20172022 →
Turnout77.23% (Increase1.39)
 
NomineeMoon Jae-inHong Jun-pyoAhn Cheol-soo
PartyDemocraticLiberty KoreaPeople
Popular vote13,423,8007,852,8496,998,342
Percentage41.09%24.04%21.42%
 
NomineeYoo Seung-minSim Sang-jung
PartyBareunJustice
Popular vote2,208,7712,017,458
Percentage6.76%6.17%
President before election

Hwang Kyo-ahn
Acting
Independent

Elected President

Moon Jae-in
Democratic

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Opinion polling before April consistently placed the Democratic Party's candidate, Moon Jae-in, runner-up in the 2012 election, as the front-runner. Second place in the opinion polls was initially held by former UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon, who declined to run in February, followed by Ahn Hee-jung, whilst he lost the Democratic primaries to Moon. Support for People Party founder Ahn Cheol-soo then surged, threatening Moon's lead in the polls throughout early April, before descending to approximately equal that of Liberty Korea Party's candidate, Hong Jun-pyo, in final polls.

Moon won the election with 41 percent of the vote, defeating his nearest opponent, Hong, by a nearly 2-to-1 margin. Under the Constitution of South Korea, if a president dies, resigns, or is removed by impeachment, a new election must take place within 60 days. As a result, unlike previous presidential elections, president-elect Moon took office immediately upon the confirmation of the result by the National Election Commission, with the inauguration at the National Assembly on the same day.

Background

Park Geun-hye of the conservative Saenuri Party (renamed just prior to the election in February 2017 as the Liberty Korea Party) won the previous presidential election in 2012, succeeding Lee Myung-bak of the same party.

The Saenuri Party lost the parliamentary election in April 2016, with opposition parties including liberal Democratic Party of Korea and People Party winning a majority in the National Assembly. Commentators described the result as leaving Park a lame duck president, as she may not run again under South Korea's one-term presidency rule.[5][6][7] and the Nikkei Asian Review noted that, in the wake of her "crushing defeat", "rivals sense a prime opportunity to complete the power shift in the December 2017 presidential vote".[5] The Korea Times stated: "The drama of deals and power struggles for next year's election has already begun."[8]

Impeachment of President Park Geun-hye

On 9 December 2016, President Park was impeached by the National Assembly by a vote of 234 for and 56 against (with seven invalid votes and two abstentions) after her implication in the 2016 South Korean political scandal. The Constitutional Court reviewed the motion of impeachment.

On 10 March 2017, Park was formally removed from office, with a unanimous ruling by all eight of the Constitutional Court's justices supporting her impeachment. A presidential election would have to be held within 60 days. In the interim, Prime Minister Hwang Kyo-ahn succeeded Park and served out the remainder of the 18th term until election day.[citation needed]

The presidential election had previously been scheduled for 20 December, with Park barred from running due to the constitutional ban on any sort of presidential reelection. However, with Park's removal from office, the elections were brought forward to 9 May in order to ensure that a new president would be able to take office within 60 days of Park's removal, as required by the Constitution.

Registered candidates

Campaign posters for the 15 candidates

The six parties represented in the National Assembly are the social liberal Democratic Party of Korea, the conservative Liberty Korea Party, the centrist People Party, the center-right Bareun Party, the progressive Justice Party, and pro-Park Geun-hye conservative Saenuri Party.

Ballot numbers for party candidates were given according to the candidate's party seat distribution in the National Assembly. Ballot numbers for independent and minor party candidates were determined through a random lottery by the National Election Commission.

A record number of 15 candidates registered, out of which two withdrew before election day.

1234567891011 (withdrew)1213 (withdrew)1415
Moon
Jae-in		Hong
Jun-pyo		Ahn
Cheol-soo		Yoo
Seung-min		Sim
Sang-jung		Cho
Won-jin		Oh
Young-guk		Chang
Sŏng-min		Lee
Jae-oh		Kim Seon-dongNam
Jae-jun		Lee
Kyung-hee		Kim
Jung-son		Yoon
Hong-sik		Kim
Min-chan
  Democratic  Liberty Korea  People's  Bareun  Justice  Saenuri  Economic Patriots  Grand National United  Evergreen Korea  People's United  United Korea  Korean Nationalist  Future Korea Peninsula  Hongik  Independent

Nominations

Democratic Party

Candidate

Democratic Party of Korea
Democratic Party candidate
Moon Jae-in
Leader of the
Democratic Party of Korea
(2015–2016)

Primary

Candidates were determined by an open primary of citizens who registered as a voter between February 15 to March 9, and March 12 to March 21. Overall, 2,144,840 people registered as a primary voter, making the 2017 primary the largest in Korean history.[9][10]

The primary was conducted from March 22 to April 3, with the voting base divided by four regions: Honam, Yeongnam, Hoseo and Seoul Capital Area, Gangwon Province, and Jeju Province as a single region. 71.6% of the registered voters voted in the primary, putting the vote total at 1,642,640.[10][11]

Candidates were:

Polling for the Democratic primary
Polling firm/LinkFieldwork dateSample
size		Lee Jae-myungMoon Jae-inAhn Hee-jungKim Boo-kyumPark Won-soonKim Jong-inChoi Sung
DemocraticDemocraticDemocraticDemocraticDemocraticDemocraticDemocratic
Realmeter[permanent dead link]17.03.1037421.9%52.7%22.5%–––0.4%
R&Search Archived 12 June 2017 at the Wayback Machine17.02.27–17.02.281,11115.5%38.0%29.8%–––0.2%
Korea Research17.02.05–17.02.062,0168.8%36.9%26.2%2.4%–––
Realmeter17.02.0152813.9%31.4%23.7%4.1%–3.7%0.5%
Realmeter[permanent dead link]17.01.16–17.01.171,00413.5%32.8%10.8%5.6%5.3%5%1.1%

Results

CandidatePlaceVotesPercentage
Moon Jae-inNominated936,41957.0%
Ahn Hee-jung2nd353,63121.5%
Lee Jae-myung3rd347,64721.2%
Choi Sung4th4,9430.3%
1,642,677100%

Liberty Korea Party

Candidate

Liberty Korea Party
Liberty Korea Party candidate
Hong Jun-pyo
Governor of
South Gyeongsang Province
(2012–2017)

Primary

Candidate was determined by a combination of opinion polls, conducted between March 30 to March 31 (50%), and the votes cast by the delegates at the party convention held on March 31 (50%).Candidates were:

Results

CandidatePlaceOpinion PollsDelegate VotesAggregated Result
Hong Jun-pyoNominated46.7%62.9%54.15%
Kim Jin-tae2nd17.5%21.1%19.30%
Lee In-je3rd24.6%5.1%14.85%
Kim Kwan-yong4th11.2%12.2%11.70%
100%100%100%

People's Party

Candidate

People Party (South Korea, 2016)
People's Party candidate
Ahn Cheol-soo
Leader of the
People Party
(2016)

Primary

Candidate was chosen by an open primary (80%) and an opinion poll conducted between April 4 and 5 (20%). The primary was conducted through March 25 to April 4, with 7 regional primaries being held. Ahn Cheol-soo was declared winner of the primary on April 4.[18]The candidate were:

Results

CandidatePlaceVotesPercentage
Ahn Cheol-sooNominated133,92772.71%
Sohn Hak-kyu2nd35,69619.38%
Park Joo-seon3rd14,5616.92%
184,768100%

Bareun Party

Candidate

Bareun Party candidate
Yoo Seong-min
Member of the
National Assembly
(2005– )

Primary

Candidate was determined by a combination of votes from an evaluation commission based on 4 debates, held in different region of the country (40%), votes from the party members (30%), and public opinion polls (30%).Candidates were:

Yoo Seong-min was nominated as the candidate of Baerun Party on March 28.[21]

Results

CandidatePlaceVotesPercentage
Yoo Seung-minNominated36,59362.9%
Nam Kyung-pil2nd21,62537.1%
58,218100%

Justice Party

Candidate

Justice Party (South Korea)
Justice Party candidate
Sim Sang-jung
Leader of the
Justice Party
(2015– )

Primary

Candidates were determined by a closed voting of the party members. Candidates were:

  • Sim Sang-jung, Chairperson of the Justice Party (2015–present), member of the National Assembly for Goyang (2004– 2008, 2012–present) [22]
  • Kang Sang-goo, vice president of the Justice Party education institute

Sim Sang-jung was nominated as the candidate of the Justice Party on February 16.[23]

Results

CandidatePlaceVotesPercentage
Sim Sang-jungNominated8,20980.7%
Kang Sang-goo2nd1,96219.3%
10,239100%

Other Nominations

Notable non-candidates

  • Hwang Kyo-ahn, acting President (2016–2017), Prime Minister (2015–2017), former Minister of Justice (2013–15) announced that he would not be running for the presidency on 15 March 2017.[2]
  • Kim Boo-kyum, member of the National Assembly for Daegu (2016–present), former member for Gunpo (2000–12),[5][12] announced that he would not be running for the presidency on 7 February 2017.[24]
  • Ban Ki-moon, Secretary-General of the United Nations (2007–2016), was considering running as a non-partisan candidate but announced on 1 February 2017 that he would not be running for the presidency.[25][26][5][8]
  • Park Won-soon, Mayor of Seoul (2011–present), announced that he would not be running for the presidency on 26 January 2017.[27]
  • Oh Se-hoon, former Mayor of Seoul (2006–2011), announced that he would not be running for the presidency on 13 January 2017.[28]
  • Kim Moo-sung, former Chairman of the Saenuri Party (2014–2016), announced that he would not be running for the presidency on 24 November 2016.[29]

Campaign

Official campaign

The official campaign begun on April 17 and ended on midnight of May 8.[30]

Debates

South Korean Presidential Election, 2017
DateOrganizersModerators P  Present  I  Invitee  NI  Non-invitee  A  Absent inviteeNotes
Sim Sang-jungMoon Jae-inAhn Cheol-sooYoo Seung-minHong Jun-pyo
14 April
10:00 KST		SBS
Journalists Association of Korea		Kim Sung-joonPPPPP[31][32][33][34]
19 April
22:00 KST		KBSPark Young-hwanPPPPP[34]
23 April
20:00 KST		NECKim Jin-sukPPPPP[34]
25 April
21:00 KST		JTBC
The Korean Political Science Association		Sohn Suk-heePPPPP[34]
28 April
20:00 KST		NECPark Yong-chanPPPPP[34]
2 May
20:00 KST		NECLee Jung-heePPPPP[34]
Candidate viewed as "most convincing" in each debate
DebatePoll sourceSim Sang-jungMoon Jae-inAhn Cheol-sooYoo Seong-minHong Jun-pyoNotes
14 AprilRealmeter Archived 19 April 2017 at the Wayback Machine12.2%33.7%21.7%11.8%9.6%[35]
JoonAng Ilbo[permanent dead link]13.1%22.3%16.5%25.0%5.4%
Hankook Research[permanent dead link]15.1%21.2%16.2%28.1%7.5%
19 AprilKSOI Archived 24 April 2017 at the Wayback Machine21.9%15.0%11.1%21.5%6.5%
23 AprilJoonAng Ilbo Archived 1 May 2017 at the Wayback Machine22.0%17.4%9.0%23.7%6.7%
Hankook Research27.2%12.6%5.1%22.1%5.9%
25 AprilHankook Research[permanent dead link]40.6%13.2%6.1%14.4%9.9%
Gallup Korea30%18%6%14%9%
28 AprilThe Opinion35.8%13.5%5.9%14.6%11.5%
JoongAng Ilbo38.1%11.5%4.5%16.6%10.0%
Gallup Korea[permanent dead link]34.8%14.4%4.4%12.7%13.3%
Research & Research[permanent dead link]41.8%9.3%4.0%18.4%9.9%
Kantar[permanent dead link]40.4%11.8%3.9%19.2%11.0%

Opinion polling

Opinion polls throughout 2017 showed Moon Jae-in as the leading candidate. Polls prior to the conclusion of the Democratic primary (which included his rivals to the nomination) had Moon at around 30% support, and polls conducted after he had won the primary showed generally consistent results of around 40% by April.

Polling showed a significant decline in support for Ahn Cheol-soo during April. While at the beginning of the month he was polling close to Moon, and even exceeded him in a few polls, by May his support had dropped to around 20%. This decline coincided with rising support for Hong Jun-pyo. By the time of the polling blackout period began on 3 May, Ahn and Hong were recording similar levels of support.

Opinion polling January–March 2017, includes persons who did not secure their party's nomination or declined to run
Opinion polling April–May 2017


Opinion polls in May 2017
Polling firm/LinkFieldwork dateSample
size		Sim Sang-jungMoon Jae-inAhn Cheol-sooYoo Seong-minHong Jun-pyo
JusticeDemocraticPeopleBareunLiberty Korea
17.05.09Election Day
17.05.04- 17.05.05Early Voting
17.05.03- 17.05.09Poll Blackout period
Embrain[permanent dead link]17.05.022,0587.2%40.6%17.8%4.2%19.6%
Research Plus[permanent dead link]17.05.01–17.05.021,0115.6%39.7%18.9%4.6%13.7%
Kantar[permanent dead link]17.05.01–17.05.021,1476.8%38.5%15.7%3.8%16.8%
[permanent dead link] Hankook Research17.05.01–17.05.021,00011.2%38.0%21.0%4.0%16.8%
JoWon C&I17.05.01–17.05.021,0358.7%36.1%22.3%3.6%16.9%
Research & Research17.05.01–17.05.021,0588.1%40.2%19.9%5.7%17.7%
Gallup Korea17.05.01–17.05.021,0158%38%20%6%16%
Yeouido Archived 12 September 2019 at the Wayback Machine17.05.01–17.05.022,1826.4%39.4%20.1%4.5%24.9%
Realmeter17.05.01–17.05.021,0167.3%42.4%18.6%4.9%18.6%
Hankook Research17.05.01–17.05.021,0008.4%40.2%19.7%5.1%16.2%
ResearchView[permanent dead link]17.04.30–17.05.022,0538.0%43.2%21.1%4.8%20.1%
MetriX17.04.30–17.05.021,5009.1%39.2%21.5%4.3%16.7%
Embrain17.05.011,0189.0%38.6%22.6%3.7%18.3%
JoWon C&I17.04.30–17.05.011,0468.7%39.5%23.9%3.5%18.4%
R&Search17.04.30–17.05.011,9618.7%41.8%19.4%3.9%21.2%
Research & Research17.04.30–17.05.011,0279.8%39.7%20.2%5.1%16.4%
JoongAng Ilbo17.04.30–17.05.012,0009.2%39.3%21.8%4.9%16.5%
Gallup Korea17.04.30–17.05.013,0778.4%37.7%19.1%3.6%14.9%
Opinion polls in April 2017
Polling firm/LinkFieldwork dateSample
size		Sim Sang-jungMoon Jae-inAhn Cheol-sooYoo Seong-minHong Jun-pyo
JusticeDemocraticPeopleBareunLiberty Korea
Research & Research17.04.29–17.04.301,0048.1%39.4%20.8%4.8%16.2%
Hankook Research17.04.29–17.04.301,00011.4%38.7%23.4%5.7%14.4%
The Opinion17.04.29–17.04.301,0006.9%37.3%20.5%4.9%15.8%
[permanent dead link] STI17.04.29–17.04.301,0008.2%46.0%19.2%4.8%17.4%
Ace Research17.04.291,0237.6%41.1%21.5%4.3%20.8%
MetriX17.04.28–17.04.291,0007.2%39.8%21.0%4.1%15.4%
KSOI Archived 26 September 2018 at the Wayback Machine17.04.28–17.04.291,0008.6%41.4%22.1%6.3%16.6%
Realmeter17.04.27–17.04.291,5237.6%42.6%20.9%5.2%16.7%
17.04.28Fifth presidential debate held by NEC
Gallup Korea17.04.25–17.04.271,0067%40%24%4%12%
ResearchView17.04.25–17.04.271,4186.8%45.5%23.7%3.9%15.3%
Hankook Research17.04.25–17.04.262,0007.5%38.5%25.2%4.9%12.3%
Realmeter17.04.24–17.04.261,5207.5%44.4%22.8%5.4%13.0%
17.04.25Fourth presidential debate held by JTBC
Hankook Research17.04.24–17.04.251,0008.0%40.4%26.4%5.1%10.8%
R&Search17.04.23–17.04.251,7724.3%44.3%26.1%4.6%14.8%
MetriX17.04.23–17.04.241,5004.7%40.3%29.6%3.4%9.7%
JoongAng Ilbo17.04.23–17.04.242,0005.0%39.8%29.4%4.4%11.7%
JoWon C&I17.04.22–17.04.241,0103.8%39.4%31.1%4.2%13.9%
17.04.23Third presidential debate held by NEC
Kantar17.04.21–17.04.221,0303.3%37.5%26.4%2.9%7.6%
KSOI Archived 24 April 2017 at the Wayback Machine17.04.21–17.04.221,0215.1%42.5%30.4%5.7%8.9%
Research & Research17.04.21–17.04.221,5144.1%39.1%30.1%3.8%9.5%
ResearchView17.04.18–17.04.202,0045.0%43.3%31.3%3.8%11.4%
Gallup Korea17.04.18–17.04.201,0044%41%30%3%9%
17.04.19Second presidential debate held on KBS
Research & Research17.04.18–17.04.191,0094.7%40.0%30.1%2.5%10.2%
EMBRAIN17.04.18–17.04.191,0542.8%40.9%34.4%2.7%9.5%
Hankook Research17.04.18–17.04.191,2003.6%42.0%31.8%3.9%8.5%
Realmeter17.04.17–17.04.181,0124.2%43.8%32.3%3.2%10.2%
EMBRAIN17.04.171,0493.5%37.7%34.6%3.4%8.5%
JoWon C&I17.04.15–17.04.161,0633.2%39.7%32.8%4.7%13.1%
[permanent dead link] JoongAng Ilbo17.04.15–17.04.162,0003.7%38.5%37.3%3.9%7.4%
Hankook Research17.04.15–17.04.161,0003.9%42.6%35.6%2.7%7.3%
[permanent dead link] Kantar17.04.14–17.04.151,0392.8%35.8%30.2%2.8%8.4%
KSOI17.04.14–17.04.151,0152.9%46.9%34.4%3.4%6.8%
Realmeter Archived 19 April 2017 at the Wayback Machine17.04.141,0114.5%45.4%30.7%3.8%8.9%
17.04.13First presidential debate held on SBS
ResearchView17.04.12–17.04.131,2533.0%46.0%36.5%2.4%8.8%
Gallup Korea17.04.11–17.04.131,0103%40%37%3%7%
Hankook Research17.04.11–17.04.121,0002.7%38.0%38.3%2.1%6.5%
Realmeter17.04.10–17.04.121,5252.8%44.8%36.5%1.7%8.1%
R&Search17.04.09–17.04.111,9973.6%42.3%37.0%2.0%9.1%
JoWon C&I17.04.08–17.04.101,0463.5%40.6%34.4%2.9%8.7%
Realmeter Archived 14 April 2017 at the Wayback Machine17.04.08–17.04.091,0184.2%41.1%34.8%2.2%8.6%
Korea Research Center17.04.08–17.04.092,0112.8%32.7%36.8%1.5%6.5%
Realmeter17.04.07–17.04.082,2443.3%42.6%37.2%2.4%8.4%
Hankook Research17.04.07–17.04.081,0003.6%37.7%37.0%3.0%6.7%
Research & Research17.04.07–17.04.081,5003.2%35.2%34.5%2.8%7.4%
KSOI Archived 9 April 2017 at the Wayback Machine17.04.07–17.04.081,0072.9%39.6%35.6%2.7%5.8%
Kantar17.04.07–17.04.082,3002.3%32.2%34.4%1.9%5.7%
Research Plus17.04.07–17.04.081,0232.0%37.7%37.7%2.1%6.6%
Gallup Korea17.04.04–17.04.061,0053%38%35%4%7%
ResearchView17.04.04–17.04.061,0122.2%42.4%35.1%2.5%10.3%
Realmeter17.04.051,0082.5%41.3%34.5%3.0%9.2%
Surveymob17.04.04–17.04.051,0482.74%34.83%28.91%6.95%8.09%
JoongAng Ilbo17.04.04–17.04.051,5002.1%38.4%34.9%2.7%9.6%
[permanent dead link] EMBRAIN17.04.041,0423.5%38.2%33.2%2.7%10.3%
Hankook Research17.04.041,0003.7%39.1%31.8%3.8%8.6%
R&Search17.04.03–17.04.041,7083.8%40.8%30.9%2.8%12.6%
Opinion polls in March 2017
Polling firm/LinkFieldwork dateSample
size		Sim Sang-jungLee Jae-myungMoon Jae-inAhn Hee-jungAhn Cheol-sooSohn Hak-kyuYoo Seong-minNam Kyung-pilHwang Kyo-ahnHong Jun-pyo
JusticeDemocraticDemocraticDemocraticPeoplePeopleBareunBareunIndependentLiberty
Realmeter[permanent dead link]17.03.27- 17.03.291,5253.4%9.5%35.2%12.0%17.4%2.4%2.6%––7.7%
R&Search[permanent dead link]17.03.27- 17.03.281,0802.6%11.2%33.0%12.6%16.6%0.6%1.4%0.7%–7.8%
Realmeter[permanent dead link]17.03.20- 17.03.242,5532.9%10.2%34.4%17.1%12.6%2.2%2.2%1.0%–9.5%
Gallup Korea[permanent dead link]17.03.21- 17.03.231,0072%8%31%17%10%1%1%––6%
R&Search[permanent dead link]17.03.19- 17.03.211,5892.0%9.4%33.2%17.5%11.2%1.2%2.4%0.6%–7.7%
Realmeter[permanent dead link]17.03.151,0154.1%10.3%37.1%16.8%12.0%1.8%4.8%1.8%–7.1%
Hankook Research[permanent dead link]17.03.141,0001.1%8.9%30.7%13.3%8.9%0.9%1.4%0.7%9.6%2.2%
Realmeter[permanent dead link]17.03.101,0083.3%9.7%36.0%14.5%11.3%2.6%2.4%1.0%10.1%2.4%
17.03.10The Constitutional Court upholds the impeachment of President Park Geun-hye
Hankook Research[permanent dead link]17.03.06–17.03.071,0001.3%8.4%30.7%13.7%7.6%1.2%1.2%0.6%11.1%1.8%
Realmeter[permanent dead link]17.02.27–17.03.032,0251.7%8.9%36.4%12.6%10.8%2.9%2.8%1.3%14.9%3.8%
Opinion polls in January–February 2017
Polling firm/LinkFieldwork dateSample
size		Sim Sang-jungLee Jae-myungMoon Jae-inAhn Hee-jungAhn Cheol-sooSohn Hak-kyuYoo Seong-minNam Kyung-pilBan Ki-moonHwang Kyo-ahnHong Jun-pyo
JusticeDemocraticDemocraticDemocraticPeoplePeopleBareunBareunIndependentIndependentLiberty
R&Search Archived 12 June 2017 at the Wayback Machine17.02.27–17.02.281,1110.9%9.8%37.6%15.5%11.1%1.1%1.8%1.2%–12.5%1.4%
Hankook Research[permanent dead link]17.02.24–17.02.251,0001.1%10.1%30.9%15.8%7.8%0.8%1.6%0.1%–10.3%1.6%
Gallup Korea[permanent dead link]17.02.21–17.02.231,006–8%32%21%8%–2%––8%–
Realmeter[permanent dead link]17.02.20–17.02.221,5081.1%10.1%32.4%19.2%10.5%1.7%3.3%1.8%–11.6%3.3%
Realmeter[permanent dead link]17.02.13–17.02.151,5152.5%7.0%32.7%19.3%8.6%2.8%3.9%1.3%–16.5%1.3%
Realmeter[permanent dead link]17.02.06–17.02.081,5082.6%8.2%33.2%15.7%9.1%3.1%3.5%1.6%–15.9%1.4%
Hankook Research[permanent dead link]17.02.05–17.02.062,0160.7%6.3%29.8%14.2%6.3%1.1%3.2%0.6%–11.2%–
Gallup Korea[permanent dead link]17.02.01–17.02.021,0030.6%7%32%10%7%0.5%3%–8%9%–
Realmeter[permanent dead link]17.02.011,0091.8%9.9%26.1%11.1%9.3%2.7%4.3%2%–12.1%1.4%
Realmeter[permanent dead link]17.01.23–17.01.241,0041.0%9.5%32.8%6.4%7.9%2.0%2.4%0.9%15.4%7.4%–
Realmeter[permanent dead link]17.01.16–17.01.181,5071.9%9%28.1%4%7.4%1.8%2.2%1.2%21.8%4%0.7%
Hankook Research[permanent dead link]17.01.15–17.01.161,000–9.5%31.4%3.9%4.8%1.3%1.2%0.3%20%––
Gallup Korea[permanent dead link]17.01.10–17.01.121,007–12%31%6%7%2%3%–20%5%–
R&Search[permanent dead link]17.01.01–17.01.021,153–10%32.2%3.9%5.9%3.1%2.1%0.7%21.3%7.2%–
Opinion polls in 2016
DatePolling firmBan Ki-Moon
(Nonpartisan)		Moon Jae-in
(Minjoo)		Ahn Cheol-so
(People's)		Kim Moo-sung
(Saenuri)		Undecided/
Refused		Lead
14–15 Nov 2016Realmeter31.5%32.7%22.8%13%1.2
37.6%46.2%16.2%8.6
37.2%39.9%22.9%2.7
19–20 Sep 2016Realmeter38.5%30.6%18.0%12.9%7.9
46.7%38.4%14.9%8.3
46.3%32.5%21.2%13.8
13–14 Jun 2016Realmeter36.5%34.9%19.0%9.6%1.6
44.2%44.9%10.9%0.7
40.9%33.7%25.4%7.2
18–19 Apr 2016Realmeter42.3%42.8%14.9%0.5
41.0%32.3%26.7%8.7
14–15 Mar 2016Realmeter44.0%45.0%11.0%1.0
37.2%44.2%18.6%7.0
17–19 Feb 2016Realmeter44.3%45.0%10.7%0.7
37.7%43.8%18.5%6.1

Exit polls

KBS, MBC, and SBS Terrestrial Broadcasting Exit Survey

CandidateEstimated Percentage
Moon Jae-in41.4%
Hong Jun-pyo23.3%
Ahn Cheol-soo21.8%
Yoo Seung-min7.1%
Sim Sang-jung5.9%

Results

Moon Jae-in of the Democratic Party of Korea won the plurality of the votes (41.09% in contrast to 24.04% won by his closest opponent Hong Jun-pyo), thus winning this election. He assumed the office as the President of South Korea immediately upon the confirmation of the results at 8:09 am on 10 May 2017 (Local time) and was inaugurated in the National Assembly at afternoon on the same day.[36]

Moon's 17.1% margin of victory is the largest percentage margin for any liberal candidate since the beginning of free and fair direct elections in 1987.

CandidatePartyVotes%
Moon Jae-inDemocratic Party of Korea13,423,80041.09
Hong Joon-pyoLiberty Korea Party7,852,84924.04
Ahn Cheol-sooPeople Party6,998,34221.42
Yoo Seong-minBareun Party2,208,7716.76
Sim Sang-jungJustice Party2,017,4586.17
Cho Won-jinSaenuri Party42,9490.13
Kim Min-chanIndependent33,9900.10
Kim Sun-dongPeople's United Party27,2290.08
Chang Sŏng-minGrand National Unity Party21,7090.07
Yoon Hong-sikHongik Party18,5430.06
Lee Kyung-heeKorean Nationalist Party11,3550.03
Lee Jae-ohEvergreen Korea Party9,1400.03
Oh Young-gukEconomic Patriots Party6,0400.02
Total32,672,175100.00
Valid votes32,672,17599.59
Invalid/blank votes135,7330.41
Total votes32,807,908100.00
Registered voters/turnout42,479,71077.23
Source: National Election Commission

By region

Major candidates

Breakdown of votes by region for candidates with at least 1% of the total votes.

RegionMoon Jae-inHong Joon-pyoAhn Cheol-sooYoo Seong-minSim Sang-jung
Votes%Votes%Votes%Votes%Votes%
Seoul2,781,34542.31,365,28520.81,492,76722.7476,9737.3425,4596.5
Busan872,12738.7720,48432.0378,90716.8162,4807.2109,3294.9
Daegu342,62021.8714,20545.4235,75715.0198,45912.674,4404.7
Incheon747,09041.2379,19120.9428,88823.7118,6916.5129,9257.2
Gwangju583,84761.114,8821.6287,22230.120,8622.243,7194.6
Daejeon404,54542.9191,37620.3218,76923.259,8206.363,6696.8
Ulsan282,79438.1203,60227.5128,52017.360,2898.162,1878.4
Sejong77,76751.123,21115.232,01021.09,1926.09,3536.1
Gyeonggi3,319,81242.11,637,34520.81,807,30822.9540,0236.8546,3736.9
Gangwon324,76834.2284,90930.0206,84021.865,2786.962,3896.6
North Chungcheong374,80638.6255,50226.3211,45421.857,2825.965,0956.7
South Chungcheong476,66138.6306,61424.8290,21623.568,5215.683,8686.8
North Jeolla778,74764.840,2313.3285,46723.830,8022.659,2964.9
South Jeolla737,92159.930,2212.5378,17930.725,8192.149,5094.0
North Gyeongsang369,72621.7827,23748.6253,90514.9149,0178.888,0805.2
South Gyeongsang779,73136.7790,49137.2284,27213.4142,4796.7113,0515.3
Jeju169,49345.568,06318.377,86120.922,7846.131,7168.5
Total13,423,80041.17,852,84924.06,998,34221.42,208,7716.82,017,4586.2
Source: National Election Commission

Minor candidates

Breakdown of votes by region for candidates with less than 1% of the total votes.

RegionCho
Won-jin		Kim
Min-chan		Kim
Sun-dong		Jang
Sung-min		Yoon
Hong-sik		Lee
Kyung-hee		Lee
Jae-oh		Ok
Young-guk
Votes%Votes%Votes%Votes%Votes%Votes%Votes%Votes%
Seoul9,9870.23,9500.13,4160.13,5540.12,1770.01,2770.01,9380.07890.0
Busan2,6510.12,1560.19810.01,3160.11,0410.04960.04650.02760.0
Daegu4,0570.31,5010.18040.15630.09860.14010.03240.02590.0
Incheon2,6460.11,6810.11,2300.11,6180.16250.05940.04100.03740.0
Gwangju1520.06140.12,2650.26550.12640.01360.01030.01110.0
Daejeon1,0690.17580.16110.16200.14060.02560.02340.01680.0
Ulsan8290.19260.16410.15750.14410.12200.02400.01280.0
Sejong1530.11350.11260.1880.0760.0500.0420.0340.0
Gyeonggi10,7780.16,5530.16,1390.15,0580.12,8830.02,2130.01,8580.01,3020.0
Gangwon1,4260.11,3500.18760.17870.18700.15700.13210.02520.0
North Chungcheong1,1530.11,3470.18400.17220.19430.16860.14210.03080.0
South Chungcheong1,4150.11,6620.11,2600.11,1480.11,0250.18030.14290.03240.0
North Jeolla4510.02,0700.11,1860.11,0800.15890.04990.03450.02400.0
South Jeolla4540.02,9550.23,8170.31,3190.17820.18390.13150.02720.0
North Gyeongsang3,0530.22,4990.11,3080.11,0540.12,9420.21,0680.18610.14760.0
South Gyeongsang2,2900.13,2670.21,3940.11,2400.12,2340.11,0110.07210.04580.0
Jeju3850.15560.13350.13120.12890.12360.11130.02690.1
Total42,9490.133,9900.127,2290.121,7090.118,5430.111,3550.09,1400.06,0400.0
Source: National Election Commission

Maps

  • Results by vote share

References

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