1906 in poetry

• Picasso's portrait of Gertrude Stein

• Jean Blewett, The Cornflower and Other Poems^[1]
• Helena Coleman, Songs and Sonnets^[1]
• Sophia Almon Hensley, The Heart of a Woman.^[2]
• J. D. Logan, Preludes, Sonnets and Other Verses^[1]
• Duncan Campbell Scott, Via Borealis, Toronto: William Tyrrell & Co.^[1]
• Frederick George Scott, The Hymn of Empire, and Other Poems^[1]

• 'Æ' (George William Russell), By Still Waters^[3]
• Joseph Campbell, The Rushlight^[3]
• John Davidson, Holiday, and Other Poems^[3]
• Walter de la Mare, Poems^[3]
• C. M. Doughty, The Dawn in Britain^[4]
• Thomas Hardy. The Dynasts, II^[4]
• Douglas Hyde, editor and translator into English from Gaelic, The Religious Songs of Connacht, Ireland^[5]
• Thomas MacDonagh, The Golden Joy, Irish poet published in Ireland
• Harold Monro, Poems^[3]
• Alfred Noyes:
  • Drake^[3]
  • "The Highwayman", a ballad
• Marguerite Antonia Radclyffe-Hall, 'Twixt Earth and Stars^[3]
• Arthur Symons, The Fool of the World, and Other Poems^[3]
• W. B. Yeats, Poems, 1899-1905, Irish poet published in the United Kingdom^[3]

• Gelett Burgess, Are You a Bromide?^[6]
• William Ellery Leonard, Sonnets and Poems^[6]
• Horace L. Traubel, With Walt Whitman in Camden, five volumes, published from this year to 1964^[6]

• W. F. Alexander and A. E. Currie, editors, New Zealand Verse, anthology^[7]
• W. B. Yeats, Poems, 1899-1905, Irish poet published in the United Kingdom^[3]

• Francis Jammes:
  • Clairières dans le Ciel^[8]
  • L'Eglise habillée de feuilles^[9]
• Oscar Vladislas de Lubicz-Milosz, also known as O. V. de L. Milosz, Les Sept Solitudes^[10]

• José Santos Chocano, Alma América, pról. de Miguel se Unamuno, Peru^[11]
• Amelia Denis de Icaza, "Al Cerro Ancón" ("Ancon Hill"), Panama
• Vera Figner, Stikhotvoreniia ("Poems"), Russia
• Alfred Garneau, Poésies, posthumously published; French language; Canada^[12]
• Marie Heiberg, Mure-lapse laulud ("Songs of a Problem Child"), Estonia^[13]
• Johannes V. Jensen, Digte, Denmark^[14]
• Mikhail Kuzmin, Alexandrian Songs, Russia
• Govardhanram N. Tripathi, Kavi Dayramno Aksharadeh, an appraisal of the works of poet Kavi Dayramno Aksharadeh (Indian, writing in Gujarati) (criticism)^[15]

Death years link to the corresponding "[year] in poetry" article:

• January 5 – Takashi Matsumoto 松本たかし(died 1956), Japanese Shōwa period professional haiku poet in the Shippo-kai haiku circle, then, starting in 1929, in the Hototogisu group also including Kawabata Bosha; founder of literary magazine, Fue ("Flute") in 1946
• January 6 – Eberhard Wolfgang Möller, (died 1972), German playwright and poet
• January 19 – Robin Hyde (suicide 1939), New Zealand
• February 22 – Humayun Kabir (died 1969) Bengali poet, educationist, politician, writer and philosopher
• April 13 – Samuel Beckett (died 1989), Irish poet, playwright and novelist, winner of the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1969
• May 10 – Robert Guy Howarth (died 1974), Australian scholar, literary critic and poet^[16]
• May 11 – Charles Tory Bruce (died 1971), Canadian writer^[4]
• May 17 – Frederic Prokosch (died 1989), American novelist, poet, memoirist and critic
• June 12 – Sandro Penna (died 1977), Italian
• June 22 – Anne Morrow Lindbergh (died 2001), American poet and wife of Charles Lindbergh
• June 27 – Vernon Watkins (died 1967), Welsh poet writing in English
• August 8 – Jesse Stuart (died 1984), American short story writer, poet and novelist
• August 28 – John Betjeman (died 1984), English poet laureate, writer and broadcaster
• September 2 – Ronald Bottrall (died 1989), English
• September 16 – Stanley Burnshaw (died 2005), American poet, critic, novelist, playwright, publisher, editor, translator and scholar
• September 20 – Ishizuka Tomoji 石塚友二 the kanji (Japanese writing) is a pen name of Ishizuka Tomoji, which is written with the different kanji 石塚友次, but in English there is no difference (died 1984), Japanese Shōwa period haiku poet and novelist
• September 27 – William Empson (died 1984), English literary critic and poet
• October 16 – Cleanth Brooks (died 1994) influential American literary critic and professor; author of Understanding Poetry
• November 12 – George Hill Dillon (died 1968), American poet and winner of the 1932 Pulitzer Prize in poetry
• November 23 (November 10 O.S.) – Betti Alver (died 1989), Estonia
• December 23 – Edasseri Govindan Nair (died 1974), Indian, Malayalam-language poet
• Also:
  • Ken Barratt, Australian poet and magazine editor
  • Mary Finnin, Australian^[17]
  • James Picot (died 1944), Australian^[18]
  • A. J. Wood, Australian

• February 9 – Paul Laurence Dunbar (born 1872), American
• February 27 – Colm de Bhailís (born 1796, sic.), Irish
• March 1 – Lettie S. Bigelow (born 1849), American
• March 31 – James McIntyre (born 1826), Canadian called "the Cheese Poet"
• date not known – Martha Griffith Browne, American abolitionist, novelist and poet^[4]

• 20th century in poetry
• 20th century in literature
• List of years in poetry
• List of years in literature
• French literature of the 20th century
• Silver Age of Russian Poetry
• Young Poland (Młoda Polska) a modernist period in Polish arts and literature, roughly from 1890 to 1918
• Poetry