1901 in poetry

• A small plaque is set on the Statue of Liberty to display Emma Lazarus' 1883 poem, "The New Colossus"
• The first Nobel Prize in Literature is awarded to Sully Prudhomme, a French poet and essayist.

• Bliss Carman, with Richard Hovey, Last Songs from Vagabondia, Canadian author published in the United States^[1]
• William Henry Drummond, Johnnie Courteau and other Poems.^[2]
• Charles Mair, Tecumseh: A Drama, and Canadian Poems, published in Toronto^[3]

• Jane Barlow, Ghost-Bereft, with Other Stories and Studies in Verse^[4]
• C. S. Calverley, Complete Works (posthumous)^[4]
• John Davidson
  • The Testament of a Man Forbid^[4]
  • The Testament of a Vivisector^[4]
• Thomas Hardy, Poems of the Past and the Present (published November 1901; book states "1902")^[4][5]
• Laurence Hope, The Garden of Kama (U.K. title), India's Love Lyrics (U.S. title).
• George Meredith, A Reading of Life with Other Poems^[4]
• Lady Margaret Sackville, Poems

• Bliss Carman, with Richard Hovey, Last Songs from Vagabondia, Canadian author published in the United States^[1]
• Nina Davis, translator, Songs of Exile by Hebrew Poets, English translator of medieval Hebrew poetry published in the United States
• Edwin Markham, Lincoln and Other Poems^[1]
• William Vaughn Moody, Poems^[1]
• George Santayana, A Hermit of Carmel and Other Poems^[1]

• Joseph Furtado, Poems, Bombay; India, Indian poetry in English^[6]
• Louise Mack, Dreams in Flower, Australia

• Hayim Nahman Bialik, שירים, Hebrew published in Warsaw
• José Santos Chocano, El fin de Satán y otros poemas (The End of Satan' and Other Poems), Peru^[7]
• Stefan George, Die Fibel, poems written from 1886 to 1889; German^[8]
• Francis Jammes, Le Deuil des primevères, France^[9]
• Ardoshir Faramji Kharbardar, Kavyarasika (Indian Parsi writing in Gujarati)^[10]
• Beheramji Malabari, Kavyarasika, (Indian writing in Gujarati)^[10]
• Vazha-Pshavela, The Snake-eater, Georgian

Death years link to the corresponding "[year] in poetry" article:

• January 6 – Walter Fischer (died 1978), Austrian medical doctor, journalist, radio broadcaster, translator, poet, anti-fascist resistance fighter and Communist Party official^[11]
• January 16 – Laura Riding Jackson (died 1991), American poet, critic, novelist, essayist and short story writer
• January 29 – Heinrich Anacker (died 1971), German
• January 30 – Hans Erich Nossack (died 1977), German
• March 4? – Jean-Joseph Rabearivelo, born Joseph-Casimir Rabearivelo or Rebearivelo (died 1937), Madagascar native and French-language poet
• March 5 – Yocheved Bat-Miriam (died 1979), Russian-born, Israeli, Hebrew-language poet
• March 27 – Kenneth Slessor (died 1971), Australian newspaper journalist and poet
• April 20 – Michel Leiris, French author and poet
• April 29 – Hirohito (died 1989), Emperor of Japan and poet
• May 1 – Sterling Brown (died 1989) African-American teacher, poet, writer on folklore and literary critic
• May 30 – Itsik Manger (or "Itzig Manger") איציק מאַנגער (died 1969), Yiddish poet and playwright born in Ukraine, a resident in Romania and Poland, then an immigrant to Israel
• June 3 – G. Sankara Kurup (died 1978), Indian Malayalam-language poet
• June 10 – Eric Maschwitz (died 1969), English entertainer, writer, broadcaster, broadcasting executive and poet
• June 13 – J. C. Beaglehole (died 1971), New Zealand historian and poet
• July 1 – Vladimir Lugovskoy (or "Lugovskoi") (died 1957), Russian Constructivist poet
• July 26 – Nina Berberova, Нина Николаевна Берберова (died 1993), Russian-born poet, novelist, playwright, critic and academic living in Europe from 1922 to 1950, then in the United States
• August 5 – Margarita Abella Caprile (died 1960), Argentine poet
• August 12 – Robert Francis (died 1987), American
• August 20 – Salvatore Quasimodo (died 1968), Italian poet
• September 2 – Andreas Embirikos (died 1975), Greek
• September 23 – Jaroslav Seifert (died 1986), Czech, Nobel Prize-winning poet and journalist
• September 28 – T. Inglis Moore (died 1978), Australian^[12]
• September 29 – Lanza del Vasto (died 1981), French poet and novelist
• October 2 – Roy Campbell (died 1957), South African poet and translator
• October 4 – Adrian Bell (died 1980), English rural writer and crossword compiler^[5]
• Also:
  • Heinz Helmerking (died 1964), German writer
  • Kilian Kerst (died 1981), German
  • Sankara Kurup (died 1978), Indian, Malayalam-language poet^[13]
  • Hans Lorber (died 1973), German
  • Amin Nakhla (died 1976), Lebanese, Arabic language poet
  • Irina Odoyevtseva, also "Odoevtseva" also "Iraida Gustavovna Beinlke Ivanova" (more probably born 1895; died 1990), Russian
  • Louis Paul, born Leroi Placet (approximate date of birth; died 1970), American fiction writer
  • Vladimir Aleksandrovich Smolensky or "Smolenskii" (died 1961), Russian
  • Shinkichi Takahashi (died 1987), Japanese Dadaist poet

• June 10 – Robert Williams Buchanan, 59, Scottish poet, novelist and dramatist
• July 20 – William Cosmo Monkhouse, 61 (born 1840), English poet and critic
• July 23/24 – Andreas Laskaratos (born 1811), Greek poet
• October 18 – Nicholas Flood Davin, 61 (born 1840), Irish-born Canadian lawyer, journalist, politician and poet
• November 10 – Sarah Carmichael (born 1838), American poet^[5]
• December 23 – William Ellery Channing, 73, American Transcendentalist poet
• Also:
  • Albery Allson Whitman (born 1851), African American poet and orator^[5]

• 20th-century French literature
• 20th century in poetry
• 20th century in literature
• List of years in literature
• Poetry
  • List of years in poetry
• Silver Age of Russian Poetry
• Victorian literature
• Young Poland (Młoda Polska) a modernist period in Polish arts and literature, roughly from 1890 to 1918